US2147557A - Television transmitter - Google Patents

Television transmitter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2147557A
US2147557A US80080A US8008036A US2147557A US 2147557 A US2147557 A US 2147557A US 80080 A US80080 A US 80080A US 8008036 A US8008036 A US 8008036A US 2147557 A US2147557 A US 2147557A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
image
grid
amplifier
transmitter
potential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US80080A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Schlesinger Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Loewe Opta GmbH
Original Assignee
Loewe Opta GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Loewe Opta GmbH filed Critical Loewe Opta GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2147557A publication Critical patent/US2147557A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04—Synchronising
    • H04N5/06—Generation of synchronising signals

Definitions

  • the subject matter of the invention is a television transmitter, in which the synchronisation is performed in the known fashion by the fact that the carrier wave of the transmitter is set 55 :to zero during the synchronisation signals, whilst the image signals are incapable of attaining this condition. It is also assumed that the image :signals are impressed "in such fashion that max- 'im'um light intensity corresponds with a maxim mum aerial current, i. e., that the aerial cur-rent increases with the light intensity. It is already known to obtain synchronisation by means of a bright :strip provided on the dead angle of the film and scanned by a second photo-cell bring- ;l: ing the transmitter current to zero in the brief interval between the lines.
  • FIG. 1a 1 is a Nipkow-disc on which 2 is the projection of a positive film image. On one edge of this projection there is'provided -a very bright strip 3 the width of which is of about 5% of the horizontal width of the image. This edge strip 515 exceeds in brightness the white portions of the image and may be produced, for example, as reproduction.
  • the contamination of the scanning disc by foreign matter is particularly disturbing.
  • the same source of error in association with the scanning means represents a much smaller interference.
  • the black portions of the image are wholly devoid of interference, and merely the white portions of the image are reproduced with a somewhat smaller light intensity.
  • Fig. 1a there is projected on 55 to the Nipkow disc I of the transmitter the pro- 'jection of a positive film image 2, on which image there is located in the Width of approximately 5% of the horizontal width of the image a very bright edge strip 3 which exceeds in intensity the white portions-of the image.
  • This edge strip F5 may be produced, for example, as reproduction of a gap by aspecial light source, or by the same light source as employed for the image reproduction.
  • the transmitted light of the disc l which is also shown from the side in Fig. 1b, impinges on aphoto-cell 25 connected to a photo-amplifier E5.
  • the photo-amplifier '26 supplies at the out put a positive transmission, in which, therefore, positive potential values are supplied in the case of white portions of the image.
  • the modulating lead 4 leaving the amplifier controls the television transmitter 5 upwards in the manner described.
  • Thepotential diagram at a is situated within a certain potential interval, corresponding to a completely opaque black up 25 to the brightest white of the image. By special means it is ensured that the black peak values of the image current at 4 always correspond to a prescribed and adjustable minimum potential value.
  • Fig. 2 there is shown the time diagram corresponding to the potential occurring at 4. 6 is the value of said minimum potential which is adjusted once and for all and is maintained in. operation by means of a level-maintaining device, which does not permit a variation of this adjusted value.
  • I is the potential reached only by the brightest points of the film image. According to the invention, the edge strip 3 in Fig.
  • the following methods solve the problem according to the invention of converting all potential peaks which extend beyond the potential line 1 into black impulses, whereby even small amounts in excess of 'l are sufficient to reach or exceed the line 9the so-called ultra-black in the transmitter.
  • the com- 60 bination is necessary of an amplitude filter and a phase reversing amplifier or a special currentdistributing grid fitted into the final stage of the transmitting amplifier 26.
  • the amplitude filter is represented diagrammatically in Fig. 1b
  • the filter responds approximately at the threshold potential 1. There then appear at the lead I I, dependent on the circuit of the filter l0, positive or negative potential values corresponding with the excess beyond the threshold I.
  • potential values may be employed in various ways for bringing to zero the current of the transmitter 5. They may either be either be supplied to a special modulation grid of the modulation valve of 5, the eifect of which is greater than the efiect of the image modulation grid. Secondly, they may be conducted to an amplifier, for example l2, the output potential of which is greater to the extent of one order of magnitude than the potential supplied by 26 to the line 4.
  • the amplifier 4 shunted by a resistance l3 may be inserted in the line 4 so that when the threshold 1 has ben exceeded it supplies in opposition to the primary oscillation at 4 high negative impulses to the transmitter and accordingly brings to zero the latter.
  • the output of the amplifier I2 may be connected to a special grid in the amplifier 26 having a higher amplification factor than the normal Control grid excited by the preliminary stages of 26.
  • FIG. 3 a circuit for performing the method of the modulation with two modulation grids.
  • I4 is the final valve of the image amplifier 26.
  • the same acts on the anode resistance I5.
  • the lead 4 it is connected with the modulating valve I6 of the transmitter.
  • the modulating valve I6 of the transmitter.
  • the valve IS in accordance with the invention, requires to have a second modulating grid, for which there may be employed the intercepting grid [9 or, even better an additional grid 20.
  • the grid I9 is connected to a positive bias 2
  • the grid 20, which will be referred to as distributing grid, can then again have the potential of the cathode, and is, therefore, already currentless in itself.
  • a valve 21 which is operating as anode bend rectifier.
  • the grid thereof is negatively biassed to such extent by a battery 22 that only the over-white positive peaks of the lead 4 are able to release the valve 21 by way of a coupling condenser 23. In the anode circuit there then occur negative impulses, which are passed through to the distributing grid 26 by the coupling condenser 24.
  • the steepness of modulation of the control system 21/20 is made to be greater than the corresponding steepness of the system 4/ l1. There then disappears completely the aerial current in each case, even if the grid I1 is positive.
  • This object may be readily accomplished by means of small-mesh grids 20 and by good amplification in the anode bend rectifier 21.
  • a television transmitter comprising an only scanning element used for scanning the image and used for producing the synchronizing impulses by scanning a white margin on said image, the light intensity of which is higher than that of any point of the image, a photo current amplifier controlled by the current of said scanning element, a filter in the output of said photocurrent amplifier having a threshold value so as to be passed by said impulses only, a reversing stage being connected to the output of said filter, the output of said reversing stage being connected to the input of the high frequency generator of the transmitter so as to bring the transmitted energy to zero by said impulses.
  • said reversing stage being an amplifier amplifying the synchronizing impulses oppositely directed to the image signals.
  • a highfrequency generator provided with a modulation tube having two grids in series, one grid being connected to the output of said photo-current amplifier, the other grid to the output of said special amplifier, the controlling effect of the latter grid being suiiicient to block said modulating tube.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
US80080A 1935-05-18 1936-05-16 Television transmitter Expired - Lifetime US2147557A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2147557X 1935-05-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2147557A true US2147557A (en) 1939-02-14

Family

ID=7987215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US80080A Expired - Lifetime US2147557A (en) 1935-05-18 1936-05-16 Television transmitter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2147557A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE415582A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR806581A (en(2012))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2916527A (en) * 1957-11-22 1959-12-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Monohalogenation of hydrocarbons

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2916527A (en) * 1957-11-22 1959-12-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Monohalogenation of hydrocarbons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR806581A (fr) 1936-12-19
BE415582A (en(2012))

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2328946A (en) Transmission of electrical signals having direct current components
US2363813A (en) Electrical control circuit
US2259520A (en) Television receiving apparatus
US2158261A (en) Television receiver operating level control
US2047533A (en) Television method
US2147557A (en) Television transmitter
US2137123A (en) Television system
US2269590A (en) Signal-translating system and method of operation
GB834606A (en) Improvements in or relating to television apparatus
US2369206A (en) Picture transmission system
US3872246A (en) Apparatus for elimination of interference from video signals
US2363800A (en) Television system
US2998480A (en) Flying spot scanner system including correction for shading
US3465094A (en) Television camera dynamic compensation apparatus for controlling the effect of light variations within a scene
GB1307350A (en) Automatic beam focusing system
US2214847A (en) Automatic amplification and black level control for television receivers
US2208374A (en) Television receiving system
US2243079A (en) Television transmitting apparatus
US2240507A (en) Television synchronizing and control system
US2031728A (en) Electrooptical system
US2182326A (en) Television receiving apparatus
US2250293A (en) Contrast control for television systems
US2131715A (en) Electrooptical apparatus
US2255692A (en) Television signal-translating system
US2182043A (en) Television and like system