US2146810A

US2146810A - Machine for surfacing metal

Info

Publication number: US2146810A
Application number: US224918A
Authority: US
Inventors: Worthy J F Forward
Original assignee: CONS MACHINE TOOL CORP
Current assignee: CONS MACHINE TOOL CORP; CONSOLIDATED MACHINE TOOL Corp
Priority date: 1938-08-15
Filing date: 1938-08-15
Publication date: 1939-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1956-02-14

Description

Feb. 14, 1939. w. J. F. FORWARD I 2,146,810

' MACHINE FOR SURFACING METAL Filed Aug. '15. 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTbR.

Feb. 14, 1939. w. J. F.- FORWARD 2,146,810

MACHINE FOR SURFACING METAL Filed Aug. 15, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Az's ATTORNEY.

Feb. 14, 1939. w. J. F, FORWARD MACHINE FOR SURFACING METAL Filed Aug. 15, 1938' 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 5% c). 7. Fa rwnri W 425 ATTORNEY.

MACHINE FOR SURFACING METAL Filed Aug. 15. 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ------1 l I I I l l Q 1 l A 1 v I h. g

N &- \1

INVENTOR.

- 7175772 awr /W67 W M ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 14, 1939 UNIT ED STATES;

PATEiNZT OFFICE MACHINE FOR. SURFACINQ METAL Application August 15,

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a method and machine for surfacing metal, and has for its object to afford a method of roughing and finishing a flat metal surface in such a way as to effect economies in the operation and to produce a surface finished more smoothly than with the conventional methods now in use.

In. a more specific aspect, the invention is designed to afford means for mounting a work piece on a traveling table or fixture and subjecting it, while so mounted, to successive operations of a roughing cutter, either of the milling or planing type, and thereafter to a finishing operation by a cutter or cutters of the broaching type, that is, one or more which extend across and finish the entire surface in one cutting operation, the finishing operation referred to taking place either during the return of the work table or during a further advance movement of the same, preferably at a faster speed than it has during the rough-cutting operation. 1

For roughing metal surfaces, a milling or planing operation is preferable becausethis offers less resistance to the travel of the work, is less likely to cause distortion, and requires less horse power than a broaching operation, which is impractical for most metal roughing operations because so much pressure is required that it is likely to distort or crush the work. On the other hand, a broach gives a finer finishing cut, and is preferable for finishing operations where only a light out is required, and this invention combines the advantages of a milling or planing tool for roughing and a broaching tool for finishing, while at the same time effecting a substantial saving in the first cost of the machine as well as the cost of operation as compared with machines that employ milling or planing cutters for both roughing and finishing operations.

A further object of the invention is to, afford a mechanism in which finishing cutters of the broaching type can be combined in the same machine with roughing cutters, and suitably controlled by mechanism that move the finishing cutters in and out of operative position sov that the work can be fed in one direction for roughcutting while the finishing-broaching cutters are withdrawn, and after completion of the roughcutting operation, the work is returned in the opposite direction and the broaching cutters moved into operative relation to impart the necessary finishing cut.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts that will appear clearly from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the novel features being-pointed out in the claims following the specification.

1938, Serial No. 224,918

Inthe drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view in end-elevation of a machine constructed inv accordance with one practical embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a partialplanview showing the roughing-milling cutters engaged with the work and the finishing-broaching cutters withdrawn;

Fig, 3 is a similar view showing the work traveling in the opposite direction and the finishingbroaching cutters engaged therewith;

' Fig, l is a sectional view on line 4 -4 of Fig, 1 showing one of the broaching tool assemblies, and with the cutter in operative position;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view through the fluid pressure control cylinder, and. showing the controlling piston in its outermost position;

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of one of the broaching tool heads;

Fig. 7- is a sectional view on the line 1''! of Fig. 6, and

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view in elevation of a modified arrangement of the machine,

The invention may be carried out in a variety of mechanisms, and in the present disclosure there is illustrated onepractical embodiment showing theapplication of the method for operating on an engine cylinder block.

Referring to Figs. 1- to 3, l designates the bed of the machine, 2 'are adjustable units constituting columns supporting the tool heads 3, while 4 designates a crosshead at the top for tying together the vertical columns or side units. 5 is a work table movable endwise on the bed I-, as usual in this class of machinery, by mechanism that is deemed unnecessary to show as it forms no part of the present invention other than to aiford the necessary fast and slow'movements to the work table which may be imparted by any suitable structure. 6 designates a fixture mounted on the work table 5 and to which is secured the work piece or blank I, the opposite ends of which may be subjected to the required cutting operations as the Work table travels back and forth. According to the preferred method of operation, thev cylinder head or blank 1 is first roughed by surfacing-milling cutters, during which time the finishing-broaching tools are withdrawn from operative relation as the work is fedpast them. It will be. understood that the roughing operation may be performed by planing cutters or in some other manner than that particularly referred to herein, the essential characteristic ofthis process being that the work is subjected to a finishing cut by a broaching tool while it is mounted on the same fixture and work table that moves it past the roughing cutters, and after completion of the roughing operation, the work table is moved at a faster speed preferably'in the opposite direction, at which time the finishingbroaching tools effect a single finishing cut entirely across the surface under treatment.

Referring to Figs, 2 and 3, II designates the finishing-broaching tools or blades which are shown in Fig. 2 as withdrawn from operative position, and I2 designates the roughing-milling cutters which may be rotatedvby any suitable mechanism such as is well known in the art. It will be understood that the finishing-broaching cutters II are stationary as the work is moved past them, and effect preferably a shearing cut across the entire surface of the blank presented, and in order to mount and control the movements of the broaching blades I I, each one is supported in a tool head such as illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7.

The blade II is located in a recess against a shoulder in the block I2, being held therein by a wedge I3 and locking bolt I 4. It may be necessary toadjust the blade I I at different shearing angles with reference to the work, depending upon the particular character of the metal, and to permit this, the block I2 is rotatably mounted in a sleeve I5 that is movable endwise in the stationary housing I6. The block I2 is adjustab-ly connected to a spindle II extending through the sleeve I5 and carrying a collar fixed thereon against which the one end of the sleeve I5 abuts tightly while its outer end is engaged by the ,block I2 that is threaded on the spindle I1. .With this mechanism, the block I2 and blade I I may be adjusted to secure any shearing angle with relation to the work, by first turning spindle I! to loosen the block I2 which is adjusted to the desired angle, and the spindle I! again tightened.

It will be understood that where necessary, more than one blade may be used to extend across the surface of the work.

The spindle II extends into a fluid pressure cylinder I8 and carries a piston I9. The ports to said cylinder leading to opposite sides of the piston I9 are designated at 2I and 22, see Fig. 5. It will be understood that the piston I9 is moved inwardly and outwardly at the proper intervals by the operation of suitable pressure control valves that may be actuated by the work'table at proper points in its travel, the details ofsuch mechanism being well'known in the art and requiring no further explanation here.

Inward movement of the broaching tool is limited by a stop 24 and a post 25 that is adju'stably mounted on an extension 26 of the sleeve I5. The inner end of the stop 24 engages an opening 21 in the housing I6, and the stop 24 engaging against the shoulder 28 of the housing I6 maintains the sleeve I5 and the cutting tool at the proper position with reference to the work when in cutting relationship." By loosening the nut 29 on the adjusting post 25 in the extension 26,- the position of the post 25 may be varied and thus the extent of endwise movement of the sleeve I5 and cutting position of the blade II may be varied.

Referring to Figs, 2 and 3, it will be understood that when the'work is traveling to the top of Fig. 2, the broaching tools II are in their retracted position and the milling cutters I2 perform the necessary roughing operations, taking off a relatively thick portion of the surface as indicated, until the work has moved past the milling cutters I2 and reached the position shown in dotted lines. 'I'hereupon the direction of travel of the work table is reversed and at the same time the broaching tools are moved into operative relation as shown in Fig. 3 so as to finish the previously roughed surfaces during the return movement of the work table, which takes place at a faster speed than during its forward travel during the roughing operation.

Upon completion of the return travel of the table, the finishing-broaching tools II are again retracted and the parts are then ready for a repetition of the operations already described on another work piece after the table has been reloaded. If preferred, the broaching tools may be arranged as shown in Fig. 8 so that the work will be fed past the roughing cutters first and thereafter past the finishing-broaching tools while the work table is traveling in the same direction, in which case the speed of the work table would be increased after the work has'been fed past the roughing tools and the movement of the table stopped to unload the work piece after its travel in one direction has been completed. 7

With this process, a better finished surface on the work is produced due to the single-cut finishing action of the broaching tool over the entire surface under treatment, a substantial saving in production is effected due to the fact that the finishing operation isperformed on the'same machine and in the same cycle of operations at a faster speed than the roughing operation, and the initial cost of such a machine is considerably less because of the saving in a broaching tool head as compared with a milling cutter.

The invention has been disclosed herein as applied to a machine employing a reciprocating work table, but may be used as well in conjunction with any traveling work table whether it be of the reciprocating, rotating, or oscillating type.

While the invention has been described with reference to the arrangements shown herein, it is not confined to these particular adaptations, and this application is intended to cover any other uses of the method of machines coming within the purposes of the invention or the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A machine tool comprising a traveling work table, finishing-broaching cutting means, a roughing cutter, and means acting to move the finishing cutting means out of operative relation while the table is traveling in one direction andto return said finishing cutting means to operative relation upon return of the table in the opposite direction.

2. A machine tool comprising a traveling work table, a roughing cutter, finishing cutting means which extends entirely across and finishes a surface with one cut, and means for moving the table with the work fixed thereon past the roughing .cutter at one speed and past the finishing cutting means at a greater speed.

3. A machine tool comprising a traveling work table, finishing-broaching cutting means, a roughing cutter, means for moving the work table with the work fixed thereon in one direction past the roughing cutter at one speed and for returningthe \vork table in the opposite direction past the finishing-broaching cutting means at a faster speed, and means acting to move the finishing cutting means out of operative relation while the table is traveling in one direction and to return said finishing cutting means to operative relation upon return of the table in the opposite direction.

WORTHY J. F. FORWARD.