US2146298A - Hair clipper - Google Patents

Description

A. E. JENSEN v HAIR CLIPPER Feb. '7; 1939.

Filed Oct. 12, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

k ATTORNEYS Feb; 7, 1939. IA. 5. JENSEN 2,146,298

' HAIR CLIPPER INVENTOR Patented Feb. 7, 1939 UNITED, STATES PATENT orrlcri I 2,146,298 mm currna Arthur E. Jensen, Anaheim, Calif.

.pplication October 12, 1936, Serial No. 105,251

25 Claims.

This invention relates to power-driven hair clippers and particularly to that type ofclipper adapted to cut hair very close to the skin whereby it may be used for shaving in place of a razor.

5 A broad object of the invention is to provide a clipper of generally improved eillciency, both with respect to ability to cut hair close to the skin without injury to the skin and ability to cut oil.

a large proportion of the total number of hairs lo. in the path of theclipper during each trip over the skin.

I I achieve the foregoing object by departing from conventional, clipper construction employing 1 blades or bars vibrated transversely with respect l5 to the direction oi the path of movement of the clipper along the skin. In contrast, I resort to the general princlpleof the convention] lawn mower,

and employ a stationary blade, the cutting edge of which extends substantially transversely across the normal path of movement of the clipper across the skin, together with a cooperating moving blade which moves into shearing engagement with the stationary blade while traveling in a path substantially parallel to the path of movement of the clipper across the skin. Certain departures from'lawn mower construction are necessary in a hair clipper, however, to make possible close shaving without injury to the skin, and the essential details of construction will become apparent from 0 the following detailed description of certain preferred embodiments of the invention. Various specific objects and features of the invention will also become apparent from the detailed description. I A 5 Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, the view being taken along 0 theline III I of Fig; 1;

Fig. 3 is a greatly enlarged detailed view of the- .stationary blade of the clipper shown in Fig. 1, the view being taken in the direction of thearrow III in Fig.1;

5 Fig. 4 is a detailed cross sectional view in the plane IV-IV of Fig. 3; v Fig. 5 is an end view similar to Fig.3 but showing a modified form of stationary blade construction; I 0' Fig. 6 is a detailed cross section in the plane VI VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the head portion of another modification oi'-.the invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross section taken in the plane 5 VIII-V II[ of Fig. "I;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to that of Fig. 8 with. some of the parts eliminated and showing the movable blade in a different position;

Fig. 10 is a detailed sectional view through one of the bearings for supporting the movable cutter 5 in the clipper of Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the movable 1 blade shown removed from the clipper;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the actuating crank and blade bracket member disasseml0 bled;

Fig. 13 is a detail perspective view of the assembled stationary and movable blade members illustrated in Figs. 1 through 6; and

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the assembled station- 15 ary blade, movable blade and guard members employed in the form of the device illustrated in Figsfl through 9.

Referring first to Fig. 1, the clipper therein depicted comprises a hollow case I which functions both as a handle and as a container for 'an electric motor for actuating the device. At its upper end the case I merges into a frame memher 2 which forms a portion of the wall of the hollow casing I and is secured to the casing I by screws 3. This frame 2 has attached thereto as by screws 4 a stationary cutter blade member 5 and also has extending laterally from its opposite ends, walls 6 having journal bearings I therein for rotatably supporting a shaft) to which is secured a movable blade member 9, the latter cooperating with the stationary blade member 5. r

The movable blade 9 is relatively thin and flat and rests against a hat face III on the shaft 8, the latter being recessed intermediate the end or hearing portions to receive the blade 9 and the blade is secured to the shaft 8 by screws II. The upper end of the blade 9 terminates in a shearing edge I2, which edge is broken into segments or tooth like projections I3 by thin 40 .slots I4. The slots I4 receive stationaryv guard A members to be described later. The lower end of the movable blade 9 terminates in a roller or bead edge l5 which is received betweenthe two halves of the bifurcated: end of an actuating lever I6 whichis pivotally supported from the casing I on a fulcrum shaft l1 and has its lower end pivotally connected 'by a pin I8 to a link l9,

. the other end of which is pivotally connected by a pin 2|] to an arm 2| on the movable member 22 of a vibratory motor contained within the case I. This motor may beoi any desired construction but as shown consists, in addition to the movable member or armature 22, of a stationary core member 23 having awinding 24 positioned thereon. The movable armature 22 is resiliently suported on the stationary member 23 by a spring 26. When the coil 24 is energized with alternating current the armature 22 vibrates at the frequency of the alternating current, thereby oscillating the lever l6 which in turn oscillates the movable blade 9 to cause the shearing edge l2 to vibrate between ,the retracted positioni shown in full lines in Fig. 1 into the position shown in dotted lines below the shearing blade proper 21 of the stationary blade 5.

The stationary blade member 5 is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5 as being formed from a plate, the upper surface of which is adapted to be drawn across the skin area to be shaved in the direction of the arrow" (Fig. 1), and which has a plurality of slots 28a cut therethrough extending in the direction of movement of the stationary blade member along the skin, the material of the plate between the slots constituting spaced parallel guard webs 28 which are disposed on edge and the upper edges of which constitute skin-contacting surfaces which will support the skin as the member 5 is drawn thereover. It

will be noted that the stationary shearing blade proper 21 is disposed-across the ends of the webs 28 and extends into the slots 28a so that the shearing edge of the blade 21 is disposed below the skin-contacting surface of the guard webs by a distance equal to the thickness of the blade 21. The webs 28, extending into the slots ll of the movable blade, may be of any desired depth; and hence, though the webs may be extremely narrow to present only narrow skincontacting surfaces, they may be relatively deep in the direction normal to the skin surface and thus may be made very rigid to resist distortion when pressed against the skin.

Also by extending the webs 28 into contact with the blade 21 (and preferably under the same, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4), these narrow but rigid webs support the blade 21 at a plurality of points along its length (transversely across the stationary plate I) and the blade 21 may, therefore, be made extremely thin so as to bring the shearing edge extremely close to the skin-contacting surface without loss of rigidity of the blade 21 and without permitting it to be flexed away from the movable blade 9 when the hairs are to be sheared thereby. This results from the fact that the greatest unsupported length of the blade 21 is that length disposed between any two. adjacent webs 28. Thus the thickness of the blade 21 from its skin-contacting area to its shearing edge may be but a few thousandths of an inch, allowing clipping or shaving the hairs extremely close to the skin surface.

, Further, the webs 22, being rigid in the direction normal to the skin surface, allow the cutting or shearing edges l2 of the movable blade 9 to be moved along a path only a few thousandths of an inch below the skin-contacting surface or edges of the webs 28 without danger of engaging and cutting the skin throughout the entire stroke of the movable blade 9. Thus the movable blade- 9 is enabled to pick up short hairs or bent hairs at the beginning of its stroke toward the stationsouter edges of the guard webs 29 and the outer placed flat against the skin to be shaved and moved therealong in the direction of the arrow 30, the direction of movement being substantially parallel to the path of movement of the edge l2 of the moving blade 9 and substantially transverse to the direction of the shearing edges. It is found that by employing this movement a very large proportion of the hairs lying in the path of each blade segment l3 will be cut oil! clean on the first movement over the skin. Furthermore, the thickness of the guard webs 28 can be made relatively small as compared to the width of the blade segments l3 so that a very large percentage of the total length of the shearing blades can be utilized for cutting purposes. As a result of these two features, the clipper described is capable of cutting off all of the hairs very close 'to the skin with only a few passages of the clipper over the skin.

Moreover, the slots between the guard webs 28, being drawn over the skin, will act as a comb, combing the hairs into the slots where they will be picked up by the cutting edge of the movable blade 9 and carried against the shearing edge 21 where they will be sheared off. It will also be noted that the shearing edge 21 is moving over the skin in one direction, for example, downwardly, at the same time the movable blade, in its oscillation toward the shearing blade 21, will be moving upwardly. Hence the shearing edge 21 will lift any hairs which tend to angle upwardly while the movable blade will lift any hairs which tend to angle downwardly and all of the hairs will be extended normal to the skin at the time they are sheared off. i

It is important to note that the movable blade 9 is positively supported in its path of movement by the bearings 1 which support the ends of the shaft 8. These bearings are very closely fitted so that the edge l2 of the movable blade is accurately supported to barely clear the shearing edge of the stationary shearing member 21 without actually touching the latter. This produces a smooth easy action of the mechanism and greatly reduces wear on the cutting blades. However, in time as slight wear develops in the bearings there might be a tendency for the cutting edge i2 of the moving blade 9 to drop away from the stationary shearing member 21. To prevent such action, I prefer to insert detent members 12 in holes 32 in the wall members 6 and provide springs 34 back of the detents 32 to urge the latter against the under side of the shaft 8, thereby at all times urging the "latter against the upper half of the journals 1. With this arrangement as any wear develops in the journals or shaft the moving blade will tend to move closer to the stationary blade, thereby compensating for any wear that may also occur between the blades.

A modified form of stationary blade construction is shown in Figs. and 6 which may be easier ,and less expensive to manufacture than the stationary blade construction shown in Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4. In this modified construction the guard webs 28' are not extended past the under side of the stationary shearing member 21' but instead terminate at the leading or cutting edge of the member 21'. The opposite or trailing edge of the member 21' merges intoa relatively heavy rearwardly projecting bar 25 which is solid and extends from one end of the member 21' to the other, being joined to the latter throughout. At the extreme ends of the blade relatively thick end walls I may be extended to the ends of the bar member 35 to reinforce the latter. The construction disclosed in Figs. 5 and 6 is advantageous because it can be cut from a solid block of material by first milling out a channel 31 to define the bar 35 and the stationary shearing member 21' and then milling out slots at right angles to and intersecting the channel 31 to define the guard members 28.

Referring now to the modified structure shown in Figs. 7 to 12, inclusive, this construction comprises, a case member which houses a motor and functions as a handle and has secured toits .pared to the width of the slots separating it from adjacent segments and when the device is assembled the slots receive thin webs 6| on the stationary guard 55, as shown in Fig. 8... The movable blade 51 terminates at opposite ends in bearing members .62, which bearings fit into journals in journal members 63 which are adapted to be rigidly secured as by screws 64- tothe frame 5|.

The bearings are accurately constructed to rotatabiy support the movable blade 51 in such position as to permit the shearing edges 60 of the segments 58 to move past the shearing edge 65 of the stationary blade 5| without actually contacting the latter. To maintain the 'proper space relation betweenthe shearing edges 60 and the stationary blade 65 as wear results, spring inserts 66 are provided in the bearingmembers 63 to urge the bearing members 62 upwardly against the outer halves of the journals in themembers 63. These spring inserts 66 are urged upwardly by flat springs 61 which fit into recesses provided therefor in the journal members 63 and are compressed against juxtaposed surfaces 16 on the from a rotary shaft and such mechanism is illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, 11 and 12. Thus .there is secured to the movable blade 51 a cam plate II which has an elongated slot I2 therein adapted to receive an inclined crank pin. 13 in the outer end oi. a rotary shaft 16. Shaft 16 may be rotated by a'motor within the case 56 or by connection through a flexible shaft to an external motor. Such mechanisms are old in the art and need not be described in detail here.

When the shaft 14 is rotated the pin I3- revolves, sliding back and forth in the slots 12 and oscillating the plate 1| and the movable blade 51 as it does so. The pin 13 is preferably so inclined that whenthe shaft is, in the position shown in Fig. 8 the pin it extended would intersect the axis of rotation of the movable blade 51. The lower portion of the plate II immediately'adjacent the slot 12 is extended substantially tangentially with respect to the axis of the movable blade so that when the blade is in either extreme position of movement, one of which positions is shown.in Fig.8.. the pin '|3 extends through the slot 12 at right angles to the plate.

This makes. it possible to flt the pin 13 closely between the plane parallel walls of the slot 12.

The teeth or web 6| of the guard may be extended as close to the cutting edge 65 of the stationary blade as desired. In general, the farther the stationary guard webs 6| are spaced from the shearing edge 65, the closer the clipper will shave. However, the greater the spacing the greater the likelihood of cutting-or burning the skin;

Although for purposes of explanation two specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it is to .be understood that .numerous and various modifications can be made in the particular structure described without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims. Thus although in the structures shown, the blades were given an oscillatory motion, the same principles can be employed in a clipper in which the movable blade rotates continuously in one direction. I prefer to employ vibrating blades rather than rotary blades because it makes possible a more simple mechanical structure. However, insofar asthe fundamental cutting principles are involved, they can be employed equally well in a razor mechanism having a movable blade which rotates continuously in one direction. The only essential thing is 'that the moving blade periodically move from a point spaced from the stationary shearing edge past the stationary shearing edge. Whether the blade gets to the specified point in spaced relation to the shearing edge by moving continuously on around past the stationary blade or by reversing its direction and backing away from the-stationary blade is immaterial.

I claim:

1. In a device of. the'type described, a. frame adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a stationary shear blade stationarily supported on said frame and adapted to be moved with said frame transversely across the skin to be shaved in contact therewith, said blade having a leading shearing edge, a movable shear blade having a shearing edge adapted to COOP". erate withthe shearing edge of said stationary blade,- means movably supporting said movable shear blade on said frame for movement through .a fixed path from a position spaced in. front of said stationary blade into shearing engage-- ment with the fixed blade, means for recurrently moving said movable blade from said position in front of the fixed blade into shearing engagement therewith and again into said. mentioned position, said movable shear blade having parallel slots therein dividing the blade into 'a plurality of ,cutting teeth, and stationary guard means mounted on said frame and comprising bar elements extending through the slots in the movable shear blade, said bar elements having outer surfaces projecting beyond the paths of movement of the cutting edges of the movable blade. l a

2. A device as described in claim 1, in which the cutting teeth of said movable shear blade are of substantially greater width than the bar elements of said guard means.

3. In a device of the type described, a frame "adaptedto be moved across askin area to'be shaved, a stationary shear blade stationarily supported on said frame and adapted to be moved withsaid frame transversely across the skin to be shaved in contact therewith, a movable shear blade, said blade having a shearing edge adapted to cooperate with the shearing edge of said stationary blade, means movably supporting said movable shear blade on said frame for movement through'a fixed path from a position spaced in front of said stationary blade into shearing engagement with the fixed blade, means for recurrently moving said movable blade from said position in front of the fixed blade into shearing engagement therewith and again into said mentioned position, said movable shear blade having parallel slots therein dividing the blade into a plurality of cutting sections, and stationary guard means mounted on said frame and comprising bar elements extending from the shearing edge of the stationary blade, through the slots in the movable blade, the outer faces of the bar elements being substantially continuous with the outer edge of the stationary blade.

4. A device as described in claim 3, in which said guard bars are connected at their ends to the stationary blade and constitute the supporting means for the stationary blade.

5. A device as described in claim 3, in which the stationary blade is integral with the guard bars and the latter are of greater depth than the stationary blade and extend below and join to the under sideof the stationary blade.

6. A device as described in claim 3, in which the stationary blade and guard are integral and consist of a transverse member of substantial depth having a transverse channel in the under side thereof, the portion of the member between the channel and the outer face constituting the stationary blade and said transverse member having slots extending perpendicularly from said channel on one side thereof for the moving blade elements, said slots extending through said member from top to bottom on said one side of said channel.

7. In a device of the type described, a frame adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a stationary shear blade stationarily supported on said frame and adapted to be moved with said frame transversely across a skin to be shaved in contact therewith, said blade having a leading shearing edge, a movable shear blade having a shearing edge adapted to cooperate with the shearing edge of said stationary blade, means pivotally supporting said movable shear blade on said frame for movement through a fixed are past. said fixed blade, said pivotal supporting means constituting the sole means for fixing the axis of movement of said movable blade, means for recurrently moving said blade through said arc, and spring inserts in said bearing members for resiliently urging said movable blade toward the fixed blade, the movement of the movable blade toward the fixed blade being limited by the half of the bearing opposite said spring insert.

8. In a device of the type described, a frame adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a stationary shearing blade stationarily supported on said frame and adapted to be moved with said frame transversely across the skin to be shaved in contact therewith, said blade having a leading shearing edge. an oscillatable shear blade having a shearing edge adapted to cooperate with the shearing edge of said shearing blade, bearing means oscill'atably supporting said movable shear blade on said frame for movement back and forth through a fixed are into and out of shearing engagement with the fixed blade, said oscillatable blade comprisin an oscillatable shaft member and a flat blade member secured thereto, said blade member projecting beyond said shaft member on both sides and having its shearing edge on one of said sides, the other side of said blade member constituting a tongue adapted to be engaged by a drive member and a vibratory drive member having a bifurcated vibratory element adapted to engage said tongue on said blade member.

9. In a device of the character described, a movable blade, means mounting said blade for movement in a fixed path, a plurality of slots in said movable blade extending in the direction of movement thereof to define therebetween projections having shearing edges along their outer edges, and a stationary blade disposed transversely to the direction of movement of said movable blade, a plurality of narrow stationary blade supporting webs extending from the outer surface of said stationary blade in a direction opposed to the movement of said movable blade toward said stationary blade, said webs having considerable thickness projecting into the slots of said movable blade whereby the narrow edges of said webs constitute a continuation of the skincontacting surface of said stationary blade and act as supports for said stationary blade.

10. In a device of the character described, a movable blade comprising a plate, one edge of which is provided with a plurality of transverse slots defining therebetween tooth-like projections having shearing edges along their outer edges, means mounting said movable blade for movement in a direction transverse to the cutting edges formed on said projections, and a stationary blade disposed transversely to the direction of movement of said movable blade and having supporting webs thereon projecting into said slots and extending in the direction of movement of said movable blade whereby said stationary blade may be made thin but rigid with respect to the movable blade.

11. In a device of the charactendescribed, a movable blade comprising a plate, one edge of which is provided with a plurality of transverse slots defining therebetween tooth-like projections having shearing edges along their outer edges, means mounting said movable blade for movement in a direction transverse to the cutting edges formed on said projections, a stationary blade disposed transverselyto the direction of movement of said movable blade and having supporting webs thereon projecting into said slots and extending in the direction of movement of said movable blade whereby said stationary blade may be made thin but rigid with respect to the movable blade, and means for oscillating said movable blade through a fixed path to recurrently move said shearing edges toward and away from said stationary blade.

, 12. In a device of the character described, a movable blade, means mounting said blade for movement in a fixed path, a plurality of slots in said movable blade extending in the direction of movement thereof to define therebetween projections having shearing edges along their outer edges, a stationary blade disposed transversely to the direction of movement of said movable blade,

said stationary blade being relatively thin and having an outer surface adapted to be moved over the skin area to be shaved, and a plurality of supporting webs extending from the edge of said stationary blade and from the lower surface thereof, said webs extending into the slots of said movable blade and having their uper edges constituting a continuation of the skin-contacting surface of said stationary blade.

13. In a device of the character described, a

movable blade, means mounting said blade for movement in a fixed path, a plurality of slots in' said'movable blade extending in the direction of edges, a stationary blade disposed transversely to the direction of movement of said movable blade. said stationary blade being relatively thin and having an outer surface adapted to be moved over the skin area to be shaved, a plurality of supporting webs extending from the edge of said stationary blade and from the lower surface thereof, said webs. extending into the slots of said movable blade and having their upper edges constituting a continuation of the skin-contacting surface of said stationary blade, and means for oscillatably mounting said movable blade to cause the shearing edges thereof to describe a path substantially parallel to the skin-contacting surface of said webs and said stationaryblade.

14. In a device of the character described, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a thin stationary blade on said member extending transversely to the direction of movement of said member across said skin, and having a shearing edge directed in the direction of said movement, a plurality ofspaced parallel guard webs extending from said blade in the direction of said movement, the upper edges of said guard webs defining a continuation of the upper surface of said blade and said webs constituting -a support for said blade, a movable blade having a plurality of tooth-like projections extending into the spaces between said webs and having shearing edges formed thereon, and means mounting said movable blade for movement along said webs into shearing relation with said statidnary blade.

15. In a device of the character described, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved across the skin area to be shaved and including a plu- .rality of guard webs arranged in spaced relation to each other and extendingin the direction of movement of said stationary blade member across said skin, a stationary blade extending across one. end of said guard webs and interconnecting the same and having a shearing edge disposed within the space between said guard webs, and a movable blade member mounted for movement longitudinally of said guard webs and including shearing edges projecting into the spaces between said guard webs.

16. In a device of the character described, a

stationary blade member adapted to be moved across the skin area to be shaved and including a plurality of guard webs arranged in spaced relation to each other and ertending in the direction of movement of said stationary blade member across said skin, a stationary blade extending across one end of said guard webs and intercon necting the same and having a shearing edge disposed within the space between said guard webs,

a movable blade member mounted for movement longitudinally of said guard webs and including shearing edges projectinginto the spaces between said guard webs, and means mounting said movable blade for movement toward said stationary blade to cause said shearing edges of said movable blade to describe a path substantially parallel to the skin-contacting surfaces of said guardwebs.

17. In a device 'of the character described, a stationary member having a. surface adapted to be drawn across the skin area to be shaved, said member including a plurality of spaced narrow guard webs disposed on edge, the upper edges of said guard webs constituting the skin-contacting surface of said stationary member, a stationary blade extending across and interconnecting one end of each of said guard webs, said stationary blade having its upper surfce disposed as a continuation of the skin-contacting surface of said webs and being relatively thin in the direction normal to said surface whereby said webs constitute braces stiffening said thin stationary blade, a movable blade, having a plurality of. tooth-like projections extending into the space between said guard webs, and means mounting said stationary blade for movement longitudinally along said webs toward said stationary blade,

said projections having shearing edges cooperating with said stationary blade and movable along a path parallel with the skin-contacting surface of said webs.

18; In a device,of the character described, a stationary member having a surface adapted to be drawn across the skin area to be shaved, said member including a plurality of spaced narrow guard webs disposed on edge, the upper edges of said guard webs constituting the skin-contacting surface of said stationary member, a stationary blade extending across and interconnecting one end of each of said guard webs, said stationary blade having its upper surface disposed as acontinuation of the skin-contacting surface of said webs and being relatively thin in the direction normal to said surface whereby said webs constitute braces stiffening said thin stationary blade, a movable blade having a plurality of tooth-like projections extending into the space between said guard webs,-and means mounting said stationary blade for movement longitudinally along said webs toward said stationary blade, said projections having shearing edges cooperating with said stationary blade and movable along a path parallel with the skin-contacting surface of said webs and spaced therefrom by adistance substantially equal to the thickness of said stationary blade. i

- 19. In a device of .the character described, a

. relatively thick stationary plate having a surface adapted to be drawn across the skinarea to be shaved, a plurality of slots extending through said plate to define therebetween a plurality of relatively narrow guard webs extending in the directionof movement of said plate across said skin and having considerable depth in a direction nor tidnary blade and having shearing edges formed upon each of said projections, and means mounts ing said movable blade, for movement to cause said shearing edges to travel toward said stationvary blade in a direction opposed to the movement of said blade over said skin.

20. In a device of the character described, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a thin stationary blade on saidmember extending transversely'to the direction of movement of said member across said skin, a movable blade member comprising a plate, means pivoting said plate for movement about an axis extending transversely of said plate whereby one edge of said plate will be moved toward and away from said stationary blade, a plurality of slots formed in said edge of said plate extending transversely to said stationary blade and defining therebetween a plurality of toothlike projections, each of which bears upon its outer end a shearing edge cooperating with said stationary blade, and a plurality of narrow guard webs extending from said stationary blade in the direction of travel of said movable blade and projecting into said slots on said movable blade.

21. In a device of the character described, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a thin stationary blade on said member extending transversely to the direction of movement of said member across said skin, a movable blade member comprising a plate, means pivoting said plate for movement about an axis extending transversely of said plate whereby one edge of said plate will be moved toward and away from said stationary blade, a plurality of slots formed in said edge of said ilate extending transversely to said stationary blade and defining therebetween a plurality of toothiike projections, each of which bears upon its outer end a shearing edge cooperating with said stationary blade, and a plurality oi narrow guard webs extending from said stationary blade in the direction of travel of said movable blade and projecting into said slots on said movable blade, and motive means for oscillating said movable blade about its pivot to move said shearing edges of said movable blade toward and away from said stationary blade.

22. In a device of the character described, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved across a skin area to be shaved, a thin stationary blade on said member extending transversely to the direction of movement of said member across said skin, a plurality of guard webs extending from said stationary blade in the direction of movement of said stationary blade member over the skin, a movable blade member having a plurality of slots therein defining therebetween projections into which said webs extend, means mounting said movable blade member for movement through a fixed path toward and away from said stationary blade, the outer edges of said webs defining a skin-contacting surface substantially parallel to the path of movement of said movable blade and extending beyond said path of travel to define a comb structure combing hairs into the space between said webs as said stationary blade member is moved over said skin area.

23. In a hair clipping machine adapted for shaving use, a stationary blade member adapted to be moved over the skin area to be shaved, said blade member comprising a narrow and thin blade having a shearing edge upon one edge thereof and having a plurality of narrow but thick guard members extending from said shearing edge of said blade in a direction transverse to said shearing edge, said web members being disposed on edge whereby said web members present their narrow edges as skin-contacting surfaces continuous with the surface of said blade.

24. In a device of the character described, a movable blade, means mounting said blade for movement in a fixed directional path, a plurality of slots in said movable blade extending in the direction of movement thereof to define therebetween tooth-like projections having shearing edges along their outer edges, and a stationary face-contacting shear member having means defining shearing edges past' which the movable blade may move and having supporting webs thereon projecting into the slots of the movable blade and extending in the direction of movement of the movable blade whereby said stationary shear member may be made thin but rigid with respect to the movable blade.

25. In a device of the character described, a thin face-contacting stationary blade member having shearing edges formed thereon, a movable blade member-having a shearing edge disposed immediately below said stationary blade member, means mounting said blade for movement in a fixed directional path past the shearing edges of the stationary blade member, a plurality of transverse slots formed in the movable blade and extending in the direction of movement thereof, and a plurality of stiflening webs on said stationary blade member extending into said slots to lend rigidity to said thin stationary blade member.

ARTHUR E. JENSEN.

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