US2144785A - Apparatus for the production of artificial silk - Google Patents

Apparatus for the production of artificial silk Download PDF

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Publication number
US2144785A
US2144785A US48907A US4890735A US2144785A US 2144785 A US2144785 A US 2144785A US 48907 A US48907 A US 48907A US 4890735 A US4890735 A US 4890735A US 2144785 A US2144785 A US 2144785A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
precipitant
spinning
filament
filaments
bowl
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US48907A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wagner Albert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
THURINGISCHE ZELLWOLLE AG
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THURINGISCHE ZELLWOLLE AG
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Filing date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the production of artificial fibres by a new stretch-spinning method.
  • the elemental filaments remain more or less adherent after stretching.
  • the finished and stretched soft elemental filaments which are still plastic, readily stick together, and the subsequent acid treatment does not effect the separation of this undesirable union, but rather tends to accentuate it.
  • the invention is chiefly concerned with the formation and subsequent treatment of soft and woolly filaments without mechanical means.
  • the exclusive treatment in the precipitant liquid during the formation of the filaments enables the operation to be carried on at a high velocity (about 100 metres per minute) in such a manner that the filament is not drawn oil, but descends with the current of precipitant, owing to the velocity of the latter.
  • An object of the invention is to provide apparatus for the production of cuprammonium silk fibre by the stretch-spinning method comprising in combina- 40 tion with a spinning bowl, a spinning nozzle having a group of jets downwardly directed into the upper end of the bowl, a discharge nozzle at the lower end of the bowl, means causing precipitant liquid to descend continuously, without negative pressure, through said bowl and its discharge nozzle, and means expressing the filamentary jets of cellulose solution through the spinning nozzle into the descending precipitant, of a downwardly tapering vessel disposed below said discharge nozzle, a discharge orifice at the bottom of said vessel, and means causing the precipitant to descend continuously, also without negative pressure, through said vessel wherein it serves to stretch the bundle of filaments 56 emerging fro-m said discharge nozzle, a precipitant collecting bath disposed below said discharge orifice, and an endless band passing through said bath for transporting the stretched filament bundle at reduced speed whereby said bath and band serve to relax the tension of the filament bundle.
  • the stretch-spinning treatment afforded by said apparatus which is far more protective than the known methods in that it entirely avoids mechanical drawing, has the advantage that the bundle of filaments is finally rendered softer and wool-like in character, though remaining satisfactorily firm.
  • the filaments After passing over the heated, cylindrical screen, the filaments are wound in hank form alternately on round winding drums, over which they run without kinking.
  • the raw fibres which have been wound in parallel arrangement on the large drum may be cut up, the length of the staple depending on the existing conditions in the spinning works, and being usually about 30-40 mm.
  • the staple fibres are then put through an opener, in which they are loosened, either alone or in admixture with cotton or wool. They are next put through an opener combined with a beater, to furnish a compact fleece which, after several passages through the beater, is converted into a second lap, finer and more uniform than the first. This lap is then put through the cotton carder, for example, and passed repeatedly through the coarse, medium and fine drawing frames.
  • the sliver is then simply put through the slubbing, intermediate and roving frames and finally taken to the spinning frame which turns out the finished yarn.
  • the fibres wound in parallel on the drum may also be transferred directly to the comber or cotton drawing frame, without being out, the machine delivering a completely straightened rove.
  • the aforesaid working stages may be eliminated, the fibre coming direct from the reel being formed, on the doubling frame, into a yarn which complies with the most stringent requirements in respect of quality.
  • the fibre may be worked up as a cotton substitute, which is produced cheaply in the manner last described, eliminating the first cutting and deforming of the fibre and employing the exceedingly soft fibres, formed in accordance with the above process, and having a handsome dull sheen and fluffy character, directly for further manufacturing treatment.
  • the open filament being present in the strand, the latter acquires the woolly character that is imparted to cut goods by protruding fibrils.
  • Fig. l is a cross-section of apparatus for spinning and subsequently treating fibres according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the spinning portion of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a detail
  • the apparatus for the first mentioned process, comprises a pipe 1 containing the cellulose solution, and furnished with a plurality of discharge nozzles 2 adapted to be swung for filling and cleaning, which is advisable in a multiple-nozzle arrangement as shown.
  • the bowl head it is so designed as to provide accommodation for any convenient large number of juxtaposed spinning bowls 3.
  • the precipitant liquid flows in a uniform and quiet manner into all the spinning bowls 3 inserted in said head.
  • the height of the precipitant in the head determines the rate of discharge of the filaments.
  • the cellulose solution flows, under pressure, into the nozzle heads 2 and thence through groups of jets into the precipitant-filled spinning bowls 3.
  • the delivery outlet 1 of the trough 6 is adjustable
  • the precipitant is caused to flow therethrough at a velocity that is substantially higher than its velocity of descent in the spinning bowls 3, in consequence of which the filaments 4 are subjected to additional stretching, the degree of elongation depending on the setting of the outlet 1.
  • the filaments and precipitant pass into a collector bath 9 underneath, in which the filaments are received on an endless belt conveyor 8.
  • the strands l9 of filament are relaxed by the precipitant present in the collector, and conveyed, in that condition, over a guide roller 22 to a suction screening cylinder H, by means of which the precipitant (and its contained ammonia) adhering to the filaments is removed as completely as possible.
  • Gas drawn into the cylinder I I by the vacuum is recovered in known manner. This purpose is substantially favoured by a heating coil 20 provided in the vessel.
  • has a conical bottom, to enable the collected copper hydroxide to be drawn oif and returned tothe dissolving process. It carries a guide 2! which directs the filaments on to cylindrical drums l2 and I3 alternately, on which the strands of filament are wound, either crosswise or parallel, until a certain depth of layer has been attained, whilst, at the same time, the filaments are washed in sulphuric acid, sprayed upon them through nozzles l4.
  • the filaments are cut away from the winding drums.
  • the resulting cakes 15 are then superimposed in several layers in a washing vessel l 6, as shown in Fig. 3, on perforated plates I1 and treated with liquids in succession.
  • the treatment may be performed under the usual conditions, though preferably in a vacuum trough. Two soapings are given.
  • the cakes are dried and mangled, either at ordinary or higher temperature, and with smooth or fluted rollers.
  • a perfectly soft and open, smooth or undulating (woolly) fibrous material is obtained, which can be cut into any convenient known lengths of staple.
  • Apparatus for the production of cuprammonium silk fibre by the stretch-spinning method comprising the combination with a spinning bowl, a spinning nozzle having a group of jets downwardly directed into the upper end of the bowl, a discharge nozzle at the lower end of the bowl, means causing precipitant liquid to descend continuously, without negative pressure, through said bowl and its discharge nozzle, and means expressing filamentary jets of cellulose solution through the spinning nozzle into the descending precipitant, of a downwardly-tapering vessel disposed below said discharge nozzle, a discharge orifice at the bottom of said vessel, means causing the same precipitant to descend continuously, also without negative pressure, through said vessel wherein it serves to stretch the bundle of filaments emerging from said discharge nozzle, a precipitant-collecting bath disposed below said discharge orifice, and an endless band passing through said bath for transporting the stretched filament bundle at reduced speed whereby said bath and band serve to relax the tension of the filament bundle.
  • Apparatus for the production of cuprammonium silk fibre by the stretch-spinning method comprising the combination with a spinning bowl, a spinning nozzle having a group of jets downwardly directed into the upper end of the bowl, a discharge nozzle at the lower end of the bowl, means causing precipitant liquid to descend continuously, without negative pressure, through said bowl and its discharge nozzle, and means expressing filamentary jets of cellulose solution through the spinning nozzle into the descending precipitant, of a downwardly-tapering vessel disposed below said discharge nozzle, a discharge orifice at the bottom of said vessel, means causing the same precipitant to descend continuously,
  • Apparatus for the production of cuprammonium silk fibre by the stretch-spinning method comprising the combination with a spinning bowl, a spinning nozzle having a group of jets downwardly directed into the upper end of the bowl, a discharge nozzle at the lower end of the bowl, means causing precipitant liquid to descend continuously, without negative pressure, through said bowl and its discharge nozzle, and means expressing filamentary jets of cellulose solution through the spinning nozzle into the descending precipitant, of a downwardly-tapering vessel disposed below said discharge nozzle, means causing the same precipitant to descend continuously, also without negative pressure, through said vessel in the upper part of which it serves to stretch the bundle of filaments emerging from said discharge nozzle, a discharge tube at the bottom of said vessel and bent through approximately a right angle to retard the precipitant in the lower part of said vessel and thereby relax the tension of the previously stretched filament in said lower part, a precipitant-collecting bath disposed about said discharge tube, a drying chest, a heating coil in said chest, a perforated su

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US48907A 1934-11-13 1935-11-08 Apparatus for the production of artificial silk Expired - Lifetime US2144785A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE131134X 1934-11-13
DE2144785X 1934-11-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2144785A true US2144785A (en) 1939-01-24

Family

ID=32043823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US48907A Expired - Lifetime US2144785A (en) 1934-11-13 1935-11-08 Apparatus for the production of artificial silk

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2144785A (enMihai)
BE (1) BE412229A (enMihai)
CH (1) CH226670A (enMihai)
FR (1) FR799482A (enMihai)
GB (1) GB455534A (enMihai)
NL (1) NL45229C (enMihai)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431695A (en) * 1944-07-03 1947-12-02 American Bemberg Corp Thread guide
US2467541A (en) * 1943-07-03 1949-04-19 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filamentous products
US2885729A (en) * 1955-05-03 1959-05-12 Bayer Ag Stretch-spinning device for the manufacture of rayon
US3066007A (en) * 1955-07-11 1962-11-27 British Celanese Manufacture of artificial filamentary materials

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR847145A (enMihai) * 1938-09-13 1939-10-03
GB1130497A (en) * 1966-10-21 1968-10-16 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the high-speed funnel spinning of viscose filaments

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467541A (en) * 1943-07-03 1949-04-19 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filamentous products
US2431695A (en) * 1944-07-03 1947-12-02 American Bemberg Corp Thread guide
US2885729A (en) * 1955-05-03 1959-05-12 Bayer Ag Stretch-spinning device for the manufacture of rayon
US3066007A (en) * 1955-07-11 1962-11-27 British Celanese Manufacture of artificial filamentary materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE412229A (enMihai)
GB455534A (en) 1936-10-22
NL45229C (enMihai)
FR799482A (fr) 1936-06-13
CH226670A (de) 1943-04-30

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