US2141292A - Radio receiver - Google Patents

Radio receiver Download PDF

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Publication number
US2141292A
US2141292A US66408A US6640836A US2141292A US 2141292 A US2141292 A US 2141292A US 66408 A US66408 A US 66408A US 6640836 A US6640836 A US 6640836A US 2141292 A US2141292 A US 2141292A
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United States
Prior art keywords
frequency
electrode
oscillations
waves
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US66408A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clavier Andre Gabriel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US2141292A publication Critical patent/US2141292A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/20—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing by means of transit-time tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/68—Tubes specially designed to act as oscillator with positive grid and retarding field, e.g. for Barkhausen-Kurz oscillators
    • H01J25/72—Tubes specially designed to act as oscillator with positive grid and retarding field, e.g. for Barkhausen-Kurz oscillators in which a standing wave or a considerable part thereof is produced along an electrode, e.g. Clavier tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03C—MODULATION
    • H03C3/00—Angle modulation
    • H03C3/10—Angle modulation by means of variable impedance
    • H03C3/12—Angle modulation by means of variable impedance by means of a variable reactive element
    • H03C3/20—Angle modulation by means of variable impedance by means of a variable reactive element the element being a voltage-dependent capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/06—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing by means of discharge tubes having more than two electrodes
    • H03D7/10—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing by means of discharge tubes having more than two electrodes the signals to be mixed being applied between different pairs of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H04L27/06—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/063—Superheterodyne receivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to controllable impedance elements which may be used in radiocommunication systems or regulation systems with or without wires, and in which the frequencies employed may be any desired frequencies.
  • the invention relates in particular to the provision of a device having an impedance for example mainly capacitive whose value may be governed according to the electric fluctuations of .0 control voltages applied to the device.
  • the device functions quite as well for the relatively low frequencies as for very high frequencies.
  • Such an impedance element is constituted by 5 a system of electrodes with which means are associated for creating between two or more electrodes an electronic cloud and for causing the volumetric density thereof to vary.
  • Figure 2 is an example of application of such an impedance element to the realization of a system of communication with sustained waves of extremely high frequency, for example of the order of 1500 megacycles per second.
  • a condenser is shown with a cylindrical armature I in the centre of which is a wire 2 for ming a second armature of the condenser;
  • this unit has a certain electrostatic capacity between the points A and B.
  • the electrode assembly is enclosed in a bulb 3 inside which a vacuum has been created.
  • This figure represents schematically a receiver for use in a system of telegraphy by ultra-short waves, in which the emitted carrier waves are employed without iany intermediate frequency modulation.
  • the keying of the sustained ultrashort waves atl the transmitter is assumed to be effected by any known means, such as the cutting o and the re-establishment of one of the feed potentials of the transmitting tube.
  • FIG. 2 shows the receiving circuit.
  • the ultra-short waves of frequency F are received on a doublet I3 connected to the control electrode 4 of the tube 9 whose electrodes I and 2 and the electron lled space therebetween constitute a condenser having a variable dielectric constant as explained in connection with Figure 1.
  • oscillations of intermediate frequency f are set up in the oscillating circuit 6-1 as previously described.
  • the frequency f of these oscillations depends on the amplitude V,0f the frequency FF of the incident ultra-short waves.
  • a local oscillator III generates a frequency f1 which is caused to beat with the frequency f for example by coupling the circuit 6-1vand the oscillator I! by means of a transformer I2 with an amplifier detector I4 output of which is applied to a utilization apparatus I5.
  • the frequency n is equal to the frequency f
  • the frequencies f and f1 beat together and a signal is obtained whereby the utilization apparatus I5 may be actuated in well-known manner. Morse signals can thus be received on an audio frequency note.
  • intermediate frequency amplification may be employed and a second detector provided for obtaining signal currents capable of actuating a recording apparatus, for example a teleprinter.
  • the oscillating circuit 6-1 In order to obtain maximum eiilciency in reception it is desirable that for a particularly intermediate frequency the oscillating circuit 6-1 should have a relatively low capacity, and in order to increase the sisnal-to-noise ratio an intermediate frequency f should be chosen which ls as high as possible.
  • condensers having controllable dielectric constants such as those described above by way of example, may be given widely different applications.
  • such condensers may be employed wherever it is necessary to couple two oscillating systems with one another.
  • condensers may be varied according to the desired application.
  • plane electrodes may be employed.
  • the control electrode instead of being constituted by a helix 4 could thus be in the form of zig-zag line. It would also be possible to employ electrode systems having conical symmetry etc., and to provide condensers having more than two armatures. Means such for example, as accelerator electrodes or electrodes for concentrating electrons, may also be employed for modifying the electron clouds.
  • a modulation system for high frequency alternating currents comprising a source of high frequency carrier waves, a frequency determining circuit for said source, a source of signal waves, a highly evacuated electron discharge tube including a thermionic cathode, an oscillatory electrode and a reflecting electrode, said cathode and said oscillatory electrode being adapted to create a purely electronic cloud in the dielectric space between said cathode and said reflecting electrode, a controllable capacity element included in said frequency determining circuit for modulating said high frequency carrier waves and comprising said cathode and said reflecting electrode, together with the dielectric space between them and the electronic cloud in said dielectric space, and means for impressing said signal waves upon said oscillatory electrode for varying the density of said electronic cloud and the apparent dielectric constant of said dielectric space.
  • a carrier wave receiving system comprising means for collecting energy from incoming waves, a highly evacuated electron discharge device having' a thermionic cathode, an oscillatory electrode and a reflecting electrode, means for biasing said electrodes to substantially the potentials suitable for sustaining decelerating field oscillations and for heating said cathode whereby free electrons are produced between the electrodes of said device, a local source of oscillations, a frequency determining circuit for said local source including a xed impedance and a portion of said electron discharge device, said portion of said discharge device constituting a variable capacitance whose dielectric material comprises evacuated space and the free electrons therein, means for varyingjhe dielectric constant of said dielectric material responsive to variations in said incoming waves whereby the frequency of the oscillations generated by said local source are varied in accordance with said incoming waves, the exact potentials with which said oscillatory and reflecting electrodes are biased being such that the amplitude of the oscillations generated by said local source re- .sin
  • a receiving system for ultra-short electromagnetic waves comprising means for collecting energy from incoming waves, a highly evacuated electron discharge tube including a cathode, an oscillatory electrode and a reflecting electrode, a resonant frequency-determining circuit including said tube adapted to generate local oscillations of a frequency unrelated to the frequency of the incoming waves, a portion of said tube being adaptedto form a capacitative impedance whose dielectric material is constituted by the evacuated space within the tube together with the free electrons in said space said impedance being connected in said circuit so as to control the frequency of said oscillations, connections for' impressing energy of said incoming waves upon an electrode of said tube whereby the dielectric constant of the said dielectric material is varied to vary the frequency of said oscillations, and means responsive to such variations in frequency for indicating the reception of said incoming waves.
  • a receiving system in accordance with claim 3 in which the reflecting electrode and the cathode and the space between them constitutes the said frequency determining impedance and in which the energy of the incoming waves is impressed across two points of the oscillatory electrode of said tube. 5. A receiving system in accordance with claim 3 in which the said portion of the tube which constitutes a frequency determining impedance ative resistance characteristic serving to maintain the said oscillations while the reactive component of said impedance is varied in response to variations in the energy of the incoming wave so as to vary the frequency of said oscillations.
  • a receiving system for ultra-short electromagnetic waves as claimed in claim 3 further comprising a second circuitadapted to generate local oscillations and means for deriving a beat frequency from said two local oscillations.
  • a substantially gas-free electronic discharge device which includes two electrodes and means for creating a purely electronic cloud in the space therebetween, a tuned circuit which includes an inductance and a mechanically static 'condenser comprising. said electrodes as condenser plates and comprising the space therebetween together with the electronic cloud therein as dielectric, said circuit being tuned to such a frequency that the reactance of said cloud forms a substantial portion of the effective circuit reactance, a source of varying potentials, and means for varying the effective reactance of said circuit under control of said source solely by varying the apparent dielectric constant of said dielectric, said means comprising means for varying the volumetric density of said cloud responsive to variations in said source and means for maintaining across said space such potential gradients that changes in said volumetric density cause substantial changes in said dielectric constant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
US66408A 1935-04-29 1936-02-29 Radio receiver Expired - Lifetime US2141292A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR801196T 1935-04-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2141292A true US2141292A (en) 1938-12-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US66408A Expired - Lifetime US2141292A (en) 1935-04-29 1936-02-29 Radio receiver

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2141292A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR801196A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL48519C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439387A (en) * 1941-11-28 1948-04-13 Sperry Corp Electronic tuning control
US2461307A (en) * 1944-11-13 1949-02-08 Rauland Corp Modulating system
US2616043A (en) * 1946-02-16 1952-10-28 O'neill Henry Murray Electronic oscillatory device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL67920C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1943-05-06

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439387A (en) * 1941-11-28 1948-04-13 Sperry Corp Electronic tuning control
US2461307A (en) * 1944-11-13 1949-02-08 Rauland Corp Modulating system
US2616043A (en) * 1946-02-16 1952-10-28 O'neill Henry Murray Electronic oscillatory device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR801196A (fr) 1936-07-29
NL48519C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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