US2137363A - Furnace for melting fine and granular substances - Google Patents

Description

Nm. 22, new. A, SPRENGER 2,137,363

FUENAC FOR MELTINGFINE AND GRANULAR SUBYSTANCES Filed Nov. 2, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov.. 22, 1938. A. sPRl-:NGER

FURNAQE FOR MELTING FINE AND GRANULAR SUBSTANCES Filed Nov. 2, 1937 4 sheets-sheet 2 Nov. 22, 1938.

A. SPRENGER FURNACE FOR MELTING FINE AND GRANULAR SUBSTANCiES Filed Nv. 2, 193'?` 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nouv. 22, 1938. A, SPRENGR Y 2,137,363

FURNACE FOR MELTING FIQNE AND GRANULAR SUBSTANES Filed Nov. `2, 1937 4 sheets-sheet 4.

Patented Nov- 22 1938,.

PATE

N'i OFFICE I FUBACE FOB. MELTING GRANULAB SUBSTANCES A Sprenger, `Berlin- Halensee, Germany, as-

signor -to the firm Chemische Studien-Gesellschaft Uniwapo G. m. b. H., Berlin, Germany Y Applicatilli November 2,

1937, Serial No. 172,483-

Germany November 14, 1936 This invention relates to improved furnaces for melting ne and granular substances.

Many'ne and granular substances when heated tend to adopta doughy or pasty state before E melting. -It is difficult to melt substances of this kind because the grains at the surface become doughy and tend to frit together and thus tov form a heat protective layer which prevents the layers underneath from being effectively heated. 10 This applies not only where the fine or granular l material is introduced intoA the furnace in lots but also`if it is fed and melted continuously, in the usual "manner, i f

lit is the object of the present invention to avoid r this dimculty in melting such material.

According to the invention the furnace comprises' at least one zone for` preheating ine and least two inclined surfaces intermediate said pre ,l heating and tapping zones, saidinclined surfaces l, having a slope adapted to retain the 'xunmelted i material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping zone and means for intermittently and' successively delivering unmelted material to said surfaces from the preheating zone. Y

Further objects and particulars of the invention will be clear from the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings showing by way of example and schematically some embodiments o-f furnaces according to the invention, vizl Figure i is a vertical section through a furnace according to tha' invention, on line I-l of Figure. 2.'

Figure 2 shows on the left hand side a. horizontal sectionon the b'ent line H-H of Figure l. and, on the right hand side, a plan 'view of the furnace shown in Figure l. Y

Figure 3 is a partial section on line UI- in Figure 2.

Figure d, is a vertical section in part of another embodiment oi the furnace on line IV--Ii -in Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a vertical section on the bent line V-Vof Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section of a third form of construction of the furnace.

. Figure 'l isa horizontal section through a fourth form of construction of a furnace according to line VIIe-VII of Figure 8.

Figure 8 .is a vertical section VIII- Vm of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a vertical section through a fifth on the bent line chambers c are arranged. For the sake of clarity l0 the switching system and the duct system have not been shown. l

-lt jwill be seen that the furnace has two separate tapping zones d and d-', which' are inde pendently heated by means of horse-shoe-shaped lf or UPShaped 'names (Figure 2) a portion of which 1 is guided/ovia the melting zones consisting of in-` granular material, at least one tapping zone, at

Le and e'. The upper part of this Ivre inclined than the lower part surface is therebfi L'V'I'h heating gases come V'together behind the melting zones e and e' and pass through a. duct f into the preheating zone, which in this special embodiment of the invention is comprised by a rotary tube furnace or revolving tubular kiln y.

The intermittent charging of the melting zone is effected by changing the ldirection of rotation of the drum of the furnace g at periodical intervals so that the preheated material will be discharged alternately onto the area e or the area e'. 30

In order to provide for a better control of the intermittent charging or feeding, a control member may be used as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The control member in this instance consists ofv an in- .clined guide face h, which is mounted on a vertical 35 rotary spindle h. The material falling from the Adrum of the -furnace g onto the guide face is directed onto that portion 'of the melting hearth which is just free' from material that is being melted.

By means of such a vcontrol member, the pre.` heated material may be selectively delivered not only in two directions but in a plurality of directions, without the necessity of changing the iiirection of rotation of the drum of the furnace g.

The furnace shown in Figure 6 comprises vthree melting zones e, e' and e" and three tapping zones d, d and d".

In this instance a simple firing by means of 5@ i gases of a high caloriiic value or by means of coal dust without preheated air is advantageously used instead of regenerative rlng. The temperature in the drum of the furnace gi should not reach the melting temperature. gg

The number of melting zones and tapping zones may be increased to such an extent that the single zones are arranged immediately adjacent to each other and form a pyramid or 'cone shaped body.

5 In the Figures 9 and l0 a furnace is represented, in which the melting zone e and the tapping zone d form a conical body.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8 slide members i, z" are used instead of a rotary l control member, which members move the material that has been preheated in the drum of the furnace a into either of the melting zones e or e. In order to simplify the movement of these slide members, the longitudinal axes of the 15 two melting zones e, e' and of the coordinate tapping zones d, d' have been arranged at right angles to each other. While I have herein shown and described certain preferred embodiments of my invention, I 20 wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to all the precise details herein set forth by way of illustration, as modification and variation may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of 25 the appended claims.

Having now described my invention what I claim isz- 1. In a melting furnace in combination, at least one zone for preheating fine and granular 30l material, at least one tapping zone, at least two .inclined surfaces intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping zone and means for intermittently and successively delivering unmelted material to said surfaces from the preheating zone.

2. In a melting furnace in combination, at

40 least one zone for preheating fine and granular material, at least one tapping zone, at least two inclined surfaces the upper portion of which is more inclined than the lower portion thereof and which surfaces are arranged intermediate said I preheating and tapping zones; said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping zone and means for intermittently and successively delivering unw melted material to said surfaces from the preheating zone. f

3. In a melting furnace in combination, at least one zone for preheating fine and granular material, at least a tapping zone, inclined suru faces in the form of a pyramid arranged intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping n zone, and means for intermittently and successively delivering unmelted material to said surfaces from the preheating zone.

4. In a melting furnace in combination at least one zone for preheating fine and granular material, at least one tapping zone, a cone ar- 5 ranged intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said cone having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down said cone and means for intermittently and successively deliv- 10 ering unmelted material to the single portions of said cone from the preheating zone.

5. In a melting furnace in combination, at least one zone for preheating fine and granular material, a plurality of tapping zones, a plurality of inclined surfaces intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping zones and means for intermittently and successively delivering unmelted material to said surfaces from the preheating zone.

6. In a melting furnace in combination, at least one zone for preheating fine and granular material, a plurality of tapping-zones, a plurality of inclined surfaces intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping zones, a vertical spindle and an inclined guiding face mounted on said spindle for intermittently and successively delivering unmelted material to the said surfaces from the preheating zone.

7. In a melting furnace in combination, a zone for preheating fine and granular material, a plurality of tapping zones, a plurality of 'inclined surfaces intermediate said preheating and tapping zones, said inclined surfaces having a slope 40 adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to run down to said tapping. zones, and a plurality of slide members coordinated to and adapted for, charging each inclined surface intermittently with unmelted material from the preheating zone.

8. In a melting furnace in combination, at least one revolving tubular kiln for preheating ne and granular material, two tapping zones, two inclined surfaces each between each of said tapping zones and said revolving tubular kiln, said inclined surfaces having a slope adapted to retain the unmelted material and to allow the melted material to `run down to said tapping zones, which kiln includes a drum and means adapted to rotate said drum in either direction,

, for delivering said fine and granular material intermittently on either of said two inclined surfaces.

ARTHUR kSPRENGER.

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