US2133280A - Preparation of mineral oil products and the like - Google Patents
Preparation of mineral oil products and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2133280A US2133280A US18407A US1840735A US2133280A US 2133280 A US2133280 A US 2133280A US 18407 A US18407 A US 18407A US 1840735 A US1840735 A US 1840735A US 2133280 A US2133280 A US 2133280A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- constituents
- petroleum
- preparation
- mineral oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 title description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/006—Combinations of processes provided in groups C10G1/02 - C10G1/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
Definitions
- the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- the sole figure is a diagrammatic illustration on the order of a flow sheet.
- bituminous solid material as coal or the like
- bituminous solid material is subjected to the 7 action of a solvent.
- the action is hastened, and in genare] it is profitable to crush the coal or the like to about 150 to 250 mesh.
- I'he present invention contemplates solvent-extraction with petroleum and with a non-oleaginous solvent. While the petroleum may be natural crude oil or a topped crude, generally it is more advantageous to employ a distillate fraction, and particularly hydrocarbons in the boiling range of 100 to 800 F.
- non-oleaginous solvent may be an alcohol, an alcohol
- combustion odors such product is particularly desir-able.
- the effectiveness of the extraction is increased by raise oftemperature, and particularly in the range of 60 to 600 F., and the solvent may be initially heated before being brought into contact with the coal, or the mixture be heated.
- the dissolved constituents removed from the coal are subjectedto heat of sufficient elevation to produce molecular change, and'the heating stage may be carried out in the presence of the solvent, or
- the coal is first subjected to the action of the non-oleaginous solvent, and a temperature of 60-to 600 F. being maintained, the lower temperatures applying more 5 particularly to the lower boiling solvents, although where desired, pressure may be maintained sufficient to realize the higher range of temperatures irrespective of the normal boiling point.
- the sol-' vent is separated from the residue in-suitable '10 manner, as by decantation, filtration, etc., and the constituents so obtained are subjected to high temperature.
- the coal residue may then desir ably be extractedwith petroleum, for instance a petroleum distillate of boiling range 100 to 800 F., and on separation of the liquid and the solid residue, the latter is available as such, or as briquettecl, for fuel, while the extracted constituents are subjected to molecular-change temperature.
- petroleum for instance a petroleum distillate of boiling range 100 to 800 F.
- the latter is available as such, or as briquettecl, for fuel
- the extracted constituents are subjected to molecular-change temperature.
- a process of the character described which comprises subjecting solid bituminous mineral matter to solvent action by a non-oleaginous non-aqueous solvent, separating undissolved residue, separating dissolved constituents from the solvent, subjecting such constituents to cracking heat, subjecting the aforesaid undissolved residue to the action of a petroleum solvent, separating undissolved residue from the petroleum solvent, separating petroleum solvent from the dissolved constituents, and subjecting the latter constituing halogenated hydrocarbon solvent from the,
- a process of the character described which comprises subjectingv solid bituminous mineral matter to solvent action by liquid ammonia, separating undissolved residue, separating ammonia solvent from the dissolvedconstituents, subject ing such constituents to cracking heat, subjecting the aforesaid undissolved residue to the action 01 a petroleum solvent, separating undissolved residue from the petroleum solvent, separating petroleum solvent from the dissolved constituents, and'subjecting the latter constituents to cracking heat.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
\ FUEL- Oct. 18, 1938. R. E. BURK 2,133,280
PREPARATION OF MINERAL OiL PRODUCTS AND THE LIKE Filed April 26, 1935 PETROLEUM LIQUID 1,,
RESIDUE COAL EXTRAGTlON EXTRACTION OTHER PRODUCTb MOTOR FUEL INVENTOR.
l zoberi Burk ATTO Patented Oct. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PREPARATION OF MINERAL OIL PRODUCTS AND THE LIKE Robert E. Burk, Cleveland, Ohio, assignorto The Standard ,Oil Company (Ohio), Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application April 26, 1935, Serial No. 18,407 I 3 Claims. (01. ac-i4) This invention relates to mineral oils, etc., and it is among the objects of the invention to provide improved utilization of potential properties of materials now substantially wasted.
5'objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds. v
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- In said annexed drawing:-
The sole figure is a diagrammatic illustration on the order of a flow sheet.
As indicated in the drawing, bituminous solid material, as coal or the like, is subjected to the 7 action of a solvent. In proportion as the coal is finely divided, the action is hastened, and in genare] it is profitable to crush the coal or the like to about 150 to 250 mesh. I'he present invention contemplates solvent-extraction with petroleum and with a non-oleaginous solvent. While the petroleum may be natural crude oil or a topped crude, generally it is more advantageous to employ a distillate fraction, and particularly hydrocarbons in the boiling range of 100 to 800 F. The
non-oleaginous solvent may be an alcohol, an
combustion odors, such product is particularly desir-able. The effectiveness of the extraction is increased by raise oftemperature, and particularly in the range of 60 to 600 F., and the solvent may be initially heated before being brought into contact with the coal, or the mixture be heated. The dissolved constituents removed from the coal are subjectedto heat of sufficient elevation to produce molecular change, and'the heating stage may be carried out in the presence of the solvent, or
Other obtained constituents being then heat treated,
after the solvent has been separated, as preferred in any instance. Desirably, the coal is first subjected to the action of the non-oleaginous solvent, and a temperature of 60-to 600 F. being maintained, the lower temperatures applying more 5 particularly to the lower boiling solvents, although where desired, pressure may be maintained sufficient to realize the higher range of temperatures irrespective of the normal boiling point. The sol-' vent is separated from the residue in-suitable '10 manner, as by decantation, filtration, etc., and the constituents so obtained are subjected to high temperature. The coal residue may then desir ably be extractedwith petroleum, for instance a petroleum distillate of boiling range 100 to 800 F., and on separation of the liquid and the solid residue, the latter is available as such, or as briquettecl, for fuel, while the extracted constituents are subjected to molecular-change temperature. In the case'of the constituents taken up by the non-.oleaglnous solvent, it is more usually desirable to evaporate and recover the sol vent, and then heat-treat the constituents obtained. A temperature range of 800, to 1100 F. is advantageous, and in this various changes go on, chiefly cracking, but with some polymerization, and whereas in the customary treatment of coal by distillation methods, a rather conventionallzedcourse of products ensues, with the present treatment hydrocarbon and .nitrogen compounds of unusual character may be obtained, as need not here be detailed. The petroleum solution of extracted components may also be separated, the solvent being driven ofi and recovered, and the or more usually it is desirable to subject the solu tion as such to the heat action, an at tempera= tures of 800 to 1100" F., a mixture of cracked products is obtained which can be fractionated into motor fuel, burning oils, lubricating oils and asphalt. Of particular advantage in the present treatment is the feasibility of conveniently ob taining anti-gum and anti-knock constituents of value for the motor fuels.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or
- the equivalent of such, be employed.
' I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:----
-1. A process of the character described, which comprises subjecting solid bituminous mineral matter to solvent action by a non-oleaginous non-aqueous solvent, separating undissolved residue, separating dissolved constituents from the solvent, subjecting such constituents to cracking heat, subjecting the aforesaid undissolved residue to the action of a petroleum solvent, separating undissolved residue from the petroleum solvent, separating petroleum solvent from the dissolved constituents, and subjecting the latter constituing halogenated hydrocarbon solvent from the,
dissolved constituents, subjecting such constituents to cracking heat,'subjecting the aforesaid undissolved residue to the action of a petroleum solvent, separating undissolved residue from the w l O ywn.
petroleum solvent, separating petroleum solvent ircm the dissolved constituents, and subjecting the latter constituents to cracking heat.
3. A process of the character described, which comprises subjectingv solid bituminous mineral matter to solvent action by liquid ammonia, separating undissolved residue, separating ammonia solvent from the dissolvedconstituents, subject ing such constituents to cracking heat, subjecting the aforesaid undissolved residue to the action 01 a petroleum solvent, separating undissolved residue from the petroleum solvent, separating petroleum solvent from the dissolved constituents, and'subjecting the latter constituents to cracking heat.
ROBERT E. BURK.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18407A US2133280A (en) | 1935-04-26 | 1935-04-26 | Preparation of mineral oil products and the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18407A US2133280A (en) | 1935-04-26 | 1935-04-26 | Preparation of mineral oil products and the like |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2133280A true US2133280A (en) | 1938-10-18 |
Family
ID=21787763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18407A Expired - Lifetime US2133280A (en) | 1935-04-26 | 1935-04-26 | Preparation of mineral oil products and the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2133280A (en) |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2431487A (en) * | 1942-06-22 | 1947-11-25 | Nat Lead Co | Oil detection in drilling muds |
| US2652318A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1953-09-15 | C U R A Patents Ltd | Process for the manufacture of solid materials consisting of aggregated solid particles |
| US2652354A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1953-09-15 | C U R A Patents Ltd | Method of uniting solids with the aid of binding and adhesive agents |
| US2654676A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1953-10-06 | Dryden Ian Gordon Cumming | Method of coating with a coal extract and baking |
| US3535224A (en) * | 1968-06-25 | 1970-10-20 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Coal liquefaction process |
| US4005995A (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1977-02-01 | Tohoku University | Process for producing a gaseous product from carbonaceous material |
| US4030893A (en) * | 1976-05-20 | 1977-06-21 | The Keller Corporation | Method of preparing low-sulfur, low-ash fuel |
| US4033852A (en) * | 1975-06-26 | 1977-07-05 | Polygulf Associates | Process for treating coal and products produced thereby |
| US4092235A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1978-05-30 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Treatment of coal by alkylation or acylation to increase liquid products from coal liquefaction |
| US4102774A (en) * | 1977-04-04 | 1978-07-25 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Separation of solids from coal liquids using an additive |
| US4180452A (en) * | 1977-08-22 | 1979-12-25 | Cameron Engineers, Inc. | Method for hydrogenation of coal |
| US4298452A (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-11-03 | Texaco Inc. | Coal liquefaction |
| US4298450A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1981-11-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Alcohols as hydrogen-donor solvents for treatment of coal |
| US4304655A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-12-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Liquefaction process |
| US4428821A (en) | 1982-11-04 | 1984-01-31 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Oil shale extraction process |
| US4448665A (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-05-15 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Use of ammonia to reduce the viscosity of bottoms streams produced in hydroconversion processes |
| US4539095A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1985-09-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Aqueous alkali depolymerization of coal with a quinone |
| US4539094A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1985-09-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Extraction of depolymerized carbonaceous material using supercritical ammonia |
| US4617105A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1986-10-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Coal liquefaction process using pretreatment with a binary solvent mixture |
| US4692238A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1987-09-08 | Institute Of Gas Tehnology | Solvent extraction of organic oils and solvent recovery |
-
1935
- 1935-04-26 US US18407A patent/US2133280A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2431487A (en) * | 1942-06-22 | 1947-11-25 | Nat Lead Co | Oil detection in drilling muds |
| US2654676A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1953-10-06 | Dryden Ian Gordon Cumming | Method of coating with a coal extract and baking |
| US2652318A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1953-09-15 | C U R A Patents Ltd | Process for the manufacture of solid materials consisting of aggregated solid particles |
| US2652354A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1953-09-15 | C U R A Patents Ltd | Method of uniting solids with the aid of binding and adhesive agents |
| US3535224A (en) * | 1968-06-25 | 1970-10-20 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Coal liquefaction process |
| US4005995A (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1977-02-01 | Tohoku University | Process for producing a gaseous product from carbonaceous material |
| US4033852A (en) * | 1975-06-26 | 1977-07-05 | Polygulf Associates | Process for treating coal and products produced thereby |
| US4092235A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1978-05-30 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Treatment of coal by alkylation or acylation to increase liquid products from coal liquefaction |
| US4030893A (en) * | 1976-05-20 | 1977-06-21 | The Keller Corporation | Method of preparing low-sulfur, low-ash fuel |
| US4102774A (en) * | 1977-04-04 | 1978-07-25 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Separation of solids from coal liquids using an additive |
| US4180452A (en) * | 1977-08-22 | 1979-12-25 | Cameron Engineers, Inc. | Method for hydrogenation of coal |
| US4298450A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1981-11-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Alcohols as hydrogen-donor solvents for treatment of coal |
| US4304655A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-12-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Liquefaction process |
| US4298452A (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-11-03 | Texaco Inc. | Coal liquefaction |
| US4428821A (en) | 1982-11-04 | 1984-01-31 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Oil shale extraction process |
| US4448665A (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-05-15 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Use of ammonia to reduce the viscosity of bottoms streams produced in hydroconversion processes |
| US4539095A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1985-09-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Aqueous alkali depolymerization of coal with a quinone |
| US4539094A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1985-09-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Extraction of depolymerized carbonaceous material using supercritical ammonia |
| US4617105A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1986-10-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Coal liquefaction process using pretreatment with a binary solvent mixture |
| US4692238A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1987-09-08 | Institute Of Gas Tehnology | Solvent extraction of organic oils and solvent recovery |
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