US2130673A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 2 0, 1938. K. MEISTER CRUS HER Filed Jan. 7, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Sept. 20, 1938 uNiTEo STATES CRUSHER Karl Meister, Magdeburg-Sudenburg, Germany, assignor to the firm Fried. Krupp Grusonwerk Aktiengcsellschaft, Magdeburg-Buckau, Germany Application January 7, 1935, Serial No. 795 In Germany January 16, 1934 1 claim. (o1. 8353) My invention relates to crushers having a moveable or rocking jaw and a non-moveable or stationary jaw between which the material under treatment is crushed, whereupon the material leaves the crusher through a discharge gap at the lower end of the said jaws.

It is well known to those familiar with crushing machinery that the volume of the material under treatment increases in proportion as it is disintegrated and the further it is conveyed to the discharge gap. Thus the work of disintegration increases in the lower part of the crushing zone. As, moreover, small particles distributed in the material being fed immediately fall down into this lower zone, not only the most important part of the'disintegration work must be executed in this zone, but also an undesired swell of material occurs there. Up till now, these disadvantages could be avoided only by reducing the charge of the crusher, but in this way the capacity of the latter is diminished. As the swell of material in the lower part of the crushing zone cannot wholly be avoided in this manner the inferior sections of the crushing jaws wear considerably and a great deal of dust is produced.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, I provide a jaw crusher of improved design, the crushing plates of which have an inclined position and broaden towards their lower ends, 1. e., towards the discharge gap of the crusher, so that the cross section of the crushing zone increases in the direction of the plates, while it decreases in the direction normal to them.

Preferably, the inclination of the crushing 535 surfaces varies in the single sections, the upper parts of these surfaces forming an acute angle, the lower ones being nearly parallel to each other. Another feature of the invention consists of grooves arranged in the crushing surfaces, these grooves proceeding from the upper edge of each crushing plate and diverging downwards, tapering away into the surface of the plate at. some distance from the lower edge of it, so that the crushing surfaces are smooth near the discharge gap. The ribs and teeth formed by these grooves serve to disintegrate the material when it moves throughthe crushing zone, and, at the same time, to spread it equally all over the crushing surfaces.

, 50 A structure embodying the features of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming 'a part of this specification, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a jaw crusher; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the upper crushing 55 plate, on a-larger scale;

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the lower crushing plate, on the same scale as Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, I is the machine frame having the yoke 2 in a sloping position. This yoke forms the upper, non-moveable jaw. 5

3 is the lower jaw arranged in juxtaposition to the upper one; this jaw is inclined, too, its inclination being, however, less than that of the jaw 2. The upper section of the jaw 3 is hinged at 4 to theframe I; the lower part is rocked by the power driven eccentric 5.

The jaws 2 and 3 are fitted respectively with crushing plates 6 and 1 of trapezoid shape which are illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. These plates 6 and 1 form thus a space the length of which increases towards the lower gap, while its breadth decreases, so that the cross section of the crushing zone increases downwards in the proportion as the volume of the material grows larger when being distintegrated.

The crushing plate 1 is arranged on the moveable jaw 3. The crushing surface of the plate 6 secured to the stationary yoke 2 is stepped and provided with grooves of triangular shape proceeding from the upper edge of the plate 6 and tapering away into its surface at a distance from the lower edge.

By these grooves, ribs 8 are formed that have steps 9 and diverge downwards. The steps 9 diminish the height of the ribs 8 at intervals.

In the middle sectionof the plate, the bottom of each groove broadens. On this broadening bottom a tooth I0 is arranged being placed between the ribs 8. The teeth lll taper away into the surface in the same manner as the ribs 8.

The lower zone of the surface of the crushing plate 6 is smooth.

The plate I is provided with similar ribs H and additional teeth l2, these ribs H having,

however, no steps. The exterior rib II on each lateral side of plate 1 has only hall the cross section of the other ribs ll; thus, it has the shape of a right triangle. These exterior ribs ll form lateral rims that prevent the material under treatment from'laterally falling down from the plate 1, whereby the space between the moveable jaw 3 and the machine frame i would be stopped. The lower part of the plate I has a smooth surface. The apparatus specified before operates as follows:

The material fed from above between the crushing plates 6 and 1 consists of pieces of different size. Large pieces are crushed in the uppermost zone by the ribs 8 and II when the jaw 3 is rocked. Smaller pieces slide down into the zone of the additional teeth I!) and I2 and are disintegrated there together with the crushed parts coming from the upper zone. Fine particles fall immediately down and leave the crushing means by passing through the lowest zone which is enclosed by the smoothparts of the plates 6 and l, as no stopping of the material can be eifected between these smooth-surfaces.

Other embodiments and numerous minor changes may be made by those skilled in the art withoutin the least departing from the. scope of my invention.

I claim: v v

In a crusher of the type described, a machine frame having a transverse yoke with a sloping underside, a movable jaw arranged in said frame below said yoke and in opposition thereto, means for rocking said jaw, and crushing plates broadening toward their lower ends, one of said plates being secured to the underside of said yoke, the other plate being arranged on said movable jaw, the surfaces of said plates being in the form of alternating grooves and teeth extending downward from the upper zone of the plate to the lower zone adjacent the bottom edge of said plate providing a smooth lower surface on the plate, the bottom of each groove broadening downward and all the teeth diverging downwardly with respect to each other and tapering away into the surface of the lower zone of the plate, and additional teeth located respectively in each of the broadening bottoms of said grooves, the upper ends of said additional teeth terminating in the medial zone of the plate and their lower ends tapering away into the surface of the lower part of the plate.

KARL MEISTER.

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