US2124558A - Magnesium base alloy - Google Patents
Magnesium base alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2124558A US2124558A US188459A US18845938A US2124558A US 2124558 A US2124558 A US 2124558A US 188459 A US188459 A US 188459A US 18845938 A US18845938 A US 18845938A US 2124558 A US2124558 A US 2124558A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- per cent
- magnesium
- alloys
- zinc
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 23
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 magnesium-aluminum-cadmium-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to magnesium alloys and more particularly to those in which magnesium is the predominant constituent.
- the principal object of this invention is to produce magnesium alloys having improved physical properties.
- a more specific object is to produce magnesium alloys that are amenable to heat treatment.
- This invention is based on the discovery that the properties of magnesium-aluminu'm-cadmium-manganese alloys as described in United States Patent No. 1,959,913 may be improved to a very marked extent by the addition of relatively small amounts of zinc, without appreciably in creasing the specific gravity of the alloy. I have discovered that maximum property improvement is obtained when these alloys are subjected to the well known methods of solution heat treatment and solution heat treatment plus aging. I have also found that the advantages occurring from the addition of zinc are present when approximately 0.5 to 8 percent of zinc are added to magnesium alloys containing from about 1 to 12 per cent of aluminum, from about 0.5 to 10 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese.
- my improved alloy likewise contains approximately 0.5 to 10 percent of lead, or, in other words, if the improved alloy is obtained by adding both lead and zinc to the magnesium-aluminum-cadmiummanganese alloy, that the resultant composition is superior to that obtained when only one of the metals, lead or zinc, is added to the known magnesium-aluminum-cadmium-manganese alloy.
- the alloy When the alloy is to be used in plastic deformation operations it should, in general, contain to 96 per cent of magnesium, and the various alloying elements in the following proportions: 1 to 8 per cent of aluminum, 0.5 to 3 per cent of cadmium, 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, 0.5- to 2 percent of lead, and 0.5 to 2 per cent of zinc.
- My new polynary alloys may be prepared by the methods usually employed for melting and alloying metals with magnesium, such as adding the respective alloying metals singly or jointly to a bath of molten magnesium protected from oxidation by a, cover of fluid flux. The solution heat.
- treatment for the zinc-free alloys may consist in amuse heating the material for 20 hours at 430 (3., followed by air cooling, or, when zinc is present in the alloy, 12 hours at 320 0. plus 16 hours at 420 C., followed by air cooling.
- the aging treatment consists of approximately 16 hours heating at 0., subsequent to the above solution heat treatment.
- Plastic deformation operations such as extruding, forging, and rolling are best conducted at temperatures between 300 and 400 C.
- a magnesium-base alloy containing from approximately 1 to '12 per cent of aluminum, and from about 0.5 to 10 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, and from about 0.5 to 8 per cent of zinc, and from about 1 to 10 per cent of lead, the balance being magnesium.
- a magnesium-base alloy consisting of approximately 4 to 10 per cent of aluminum, and from about 1 to 6 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.3 per cent of manganese, and from about 2 to 6 per cent of zinc, and from about 1 to 6 per cent of lead, the balance being magnesium.
- a magnesiumbase alloy consisting of approximately 1 to 8 per cent of aluminum, and from about 0.5 to 3 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, and from about 0.5 to 2 per cent of lead, and from about 0.5 to 2 per cent of zinc, and from about 90 to 96 per cent of magnesium.
- a magnesium-base alloy consisting of approximately 8 per cent of aluminum, and 2 per cent of cadmium, and 0.2 per cent of manganese, and 8 per cent of lead, and 2 per cent of zinc, the balance being magnesium.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented July 26, 1938 PATENT OFFICE MAGNESIUM BASE ALLOY John A. Gann, Midland, Mich., assignor to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich, a corporation of Michigan No Drawing. Original application August 2, 1937,
Serial No. 156,942. Divided and this application February 3, 1938, Serial No. 188,459
4 Claims.
The present invention relates to magnesium alloys and more particularly to those in which magnesium is the predominant constituent.
Most of the present commercial uses for magnesium alloys are due to their high strength and high strength-weight ratio. If these characterlstics could be further improved, the field of application of these light weight alloys would be greatly extended.
The principal object of this invention is to produce magnesium alloys having improved physical properties. A more specific object is to produce magnesium alloys that are amenable to heat treatment. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
This invention is based on the discovery that the properties of magnesium-aluminu'm-cadmium-manganese alloys as described in United States Patent No. 1,959,913 may be improved to a very marked extent by the addition of relatively small amounts of zinc, without appreciably in creasing the specific gravity of the alloy. I have discovered that maximum property improvement is obtained when these alloys are subjected to the well known methods of solution heat treatment and solution heat treatment plus aging. I have also found that the advantages occurring from the addition of zinc are present when approximately 0.5 to 8 percent of zinc are added to magnesium alloys containing from about 1 to 12 per cent of aluminum, from about 0.5 to 10 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese.
Specific examples of the property improvements that result in the production of my new alloy by adding zinc to the well known magnesium-aluminum-cadmium-manganese alloys are shown in the following tables where illustrations are given of cast, solution heat treated, and solution heat treated and aged alloys.
Solution heat treated alloys Nominal composition in percent (Mg=remainder) Tensile Yield ifif l fi f i sq. in. sq. 11. Al Cd Mn f Zn Solution heat healed and aged alloys I have likewise discovered that the addition of zinc to magnesium-aluminum-cadmium-manganese alloys has resulted in a marked improvement in' corrosion resistance. This beneficial eflect of zinc is particularly pronounced in the case of the cast and the solution heat treated and aged alloys, although it is evident in some of the solution heat treated alloys. The following table illustrates this improvement as obtained from alternate immersion tests conducted for one week in a 3 per cent salt solution.
N omlnal composition in Loss in weight mg/cm'lday percen (Mg=remainder) Al 0d Mn Zn Cast 8. H. T. B. P. H. TJ
1 S. H. T.=Bolutiou heat treated. S. P. H. T.-Bolution heat treated and aged.
I have furthermore discovered that ii. my improved alloy likewise contains approximately 0.5 to 10 percent of lead, or, in other words, if the improved alloy is obtained by adding both lead and zinc to the magnesium-aluminum-cadmiummanganese alloy, that the resultant composition is superior to that obtained when only one of the metals, lead or zinc, is added to the known magnesium-aluminum-cadmium-manganese alloy.
This is illustrated, for example, by the yield strength and hardness data in the following table:
' Nominalin composition W Yield (mzmmalnder) Condition 23 2 A] Cd Mn Pb Zn 8 2 0. 2 11, 5G) 46. 4 8 2 0. 2 i3, 800 50. 6 8 2 0. 2 14, H!) 56. 5 8 2 0. 2 l6, 2) 69. 2 7 2 0. 2 14, am 66. 5
8 2 0. 2 13, 200 51. 8 8 2 0. 2 16, (ll) 60. 2 8 2 0. 2 Z3, 200 76. 6 8 2 0. 2 24, 000 76. 6 7 2 0. 2 21, 400 72. 0
l S. H. 'I.=Solution heat treated.
I S. P. H. 'l.-Bolution heat treated and aged- When the alloy is to be used for the production of castings, I normally prefer to use compositions containing approximately to 92 per cent of magnesium, from 4 to 10 per cent of aluminum. from 1 to 6 per cent of cadmium, from 0.1 to 0.3 per cent of manganese, and from 2 to 6 per cent of zinc. Where lead is likewise required, it should be present in amounts ranging from about 1 to 6 per cent. When the alloy is to be used in plastic deformation operations it should, in general, contain to 96 per cent of magnesium, and the various alloying elements in the following proportions: 1 to 8 per cent of aluminum, 0.5 to 3 per cent of cadmium, 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, 0.5- to 2 percent of lead, and 0.5 to 2 per cent of zinc.
My new polynary alloys may be prepared by the methods usually employed for melting and alloying metals with magnesium, such as adding the respective alloying metals singly or jointly to a bath of molten magnesium protected from oxidation by a, cover of fluid flux. The solution heat.
treatment for the zinc-free alloys may consist in amuse heating the material for 20 hours at 430 (3., followed by air cooling, or, when zinc is present in the alloy, 12 hours at 320 0. plus 16 hours at 420 C., followed by air cooling. The aging treatment consists of approximately 16 hours heating at 0., subsequent to the above solution heat treatment. Plastic deformation operations, such as extruding, forging, and rolling are best conducted at temperatures between 300 and 400 C.
This application is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 156,942, filed August 2, 1937.
Other modes oi applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of those explained, change being made as regards the ingredients and the steps herein disclosed, provided those stated by any of the following claims or their equivalent be employed.
I particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. A magnesium-base alloy containing from approximately 1 to '12 per cent of aluminum, and from about 0.5 to 10 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, and from about 0.5 to 8 per cent of zinc, and from about 1 to 10 per cent of lead, the balance being magnesium.
2. A magnesium-base alloy consisting of approximately 4 to 10 per cent of aluminum, and from about 1 to 6 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.3 per cent of manganese, and from about 2 to 6 per cent of zinc, and from about 1 to 6 per cent of lead, the balance being magnesium.
3. A magnesiumbase alloy consisting of approximately 1 to 8 per cent of aluminum, and from about 0.5 to 3 per cent of cadmium, and from about 0.1 to 0.5 per cent of manganese, and from about 0.5 to 2 per cent of lead, and from about 0.5 to 2 per cent of zinc, and from about 90 to 96 per cent of magnesium.
4. A magnesium-base alloy consisting of approximately 8 per cent of aluminum, and 2 per cent of cadmium, and 0.2 per cent of manganese, and 8 per cent of lead, and 2 per cent of zinc, the balance being magnesium.
JOHN A. GANN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US188459A US2124558A (en) | 1937-08-02 | 1938-02-03 | Magnesium base alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US156942A US2124555A (en) | 1937-08-02 | 1937-08-02 | Magnesium base alloy |
| US188459A US2124558A (en) | 1937-08-02 | 1938-02-03 | Magnesium base alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2124558A true US2124558A (en) | 1938-07-26 |
Family
ID=26853677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US188459A Expired - Lifetime US2124558A (en) | 1937-08-02 | 1938-02-03 | Magnesium base alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2124558A (en) |
-
1938
- 1938-02-03 US US188459A patent/US2124558A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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