US2122415A - Gun - Google Patents

Description

July 5, 1938.

LE ROY B.- FRASER GUN Filed May 26, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 Shees-Sheet 2 July 5, 1938. LE ROY B. FRASER GUN Filed May 26, 1956 Patented July 5, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1': Claims.

My invention relates to guns, and more particularly to a gun designed for the use of beginners, so that it will require in its use the proper form and technique on the part of the marksman.

In learning to shoot, the average person is not taught the proper way of holding the gun when firing it, and as a result holds his gun in the manner in which his fancy or convenience may dictate. As in other sports, lack of proficiency and errors in shooting are due to a Large extent to incorrect form, and particularly to incorrect methods of holding the firearm while firing it. When a beginner has made an incorrect start in this respect, he naturally continues to use his gun in the-same manner, and thus by continued practice perfects his errors in just the same manner that he would perfect a correct form if he had learned such a form in the beginning. If, 7 however, the beginner is taught the correct form in the first instance, it will, of course, be just as natural to him as the incorrect form, and as a result he will not only handle a gun more safely,

but will shoot more accurately.

In order to hold a gun properly, one must have a proper grip upon it with the hands, must set and press the butt properly against the shoulder, and must place his check in proper position a ainst the stock so that his head lies over the stock and his eye in the line of sight. In other words, correct shooting form is to a great extent a combination of correct shoulder, face and grip pressures. By the present invention it is contemplated to provide a gun which will require the proper holding of the gun on the part of the marksman before it may befired. This will not only result in better marksmanship but it will materially reduce shoulder punishment and will also provide a safety factor which will materially reduce accidents, as the gun cannot'be fired unless held against the shoulder in the proper position, where the marksman will see where the gun is pointing.

One object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a gun particularly for use by beginners in shooting, which will require the marksman to hold the gun in the proper position before it can be fired.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a gun which will require the correct shoulder, grip and cheek pressures upon the barrel and stock of the gun before it may be discharged. More specifically, my improved gun is provided with a stock and barrel which are normally out of alignment, the stock being capable of a rotative movement with respect to the barrel,

, 6 A still further object of the invention is to provide a gun in which the stock must have both longitudinal and rotative movements with respect to the barrel before the gun can be fired. so as to insure proper grip, shoulder and cheek pressures upon the gun before it can be discharged.

To these and other ends the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of a gun embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the operating mechanism shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 5-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a slightly modified form of gun;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line 'I-'| of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing the parts in a different position; and

Fig. 10 is a composite view of certain of the parts shown in Figs. 8 and 9.

To illustrate a preferred embodiment of my invention, I have shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings a gun having a barrel Ill, a grip portion II, and a stock l2. The trigger guard is shown at l3, and the trigger I4 is pivoted at l5 and provided with a forwardly extending sear IS.

The grip portion of the gun is hollow and provided with a bore or recess I'I within which is disposed a post l8 which extends forwardly from the stock l2 and around which is provided an annular recess l9 within which the rear end of the tubular grip extends. It will be'seen particularly from Fig. 1 that the rear end of the tubular grip does not ordinarily extend to the bottom of the recess l9, but a shallow annular space remains between the bottom of the recess and the rear end of the hollow grip.

A coil spring 2| is provided within the grip portion of the gun between the front face of the post l8 and the front end of the hollow bore l1. As shown at 22 and 23, the ends of this spring are engaged with the grip portion and the post I8, respectively. It will be apparent that this spring, acting as a compression spring, will normally hold the barrel and receiver of the gun in a forward position with respect to the stock, but that pressure upon the barrel or grip portion of the gun rearwardly toward the stock when the latter is held against movement will serve to compress the spring 2| and move the barrel relatively to the stock so as to close the space 20. This will occur when the gun is held tightly against the shoulder in proper firing position.

Upon the front end of the post 88 is secured a hollow or tubular member 24, which projects forwardly from the post and surrounds the spring 2 i. This member may be secured upon the post l8 in any desired manner, such as by the screw 25, and being secured to the post I8 will move forwardly within the bore I! of the grip portion of the gun when the space 20 is closed up.

- The stock is connected to the gun by means of a relatively long bolt or screw 26, which passes through the post I8 from the butt of the stock I2, and is threadedly engaged at 21 with the receiver. This bolt makes a relatively snug fit within the post l8, but at the same time the post is capable to provide relative longitudinal movements between the two parts, but also to provide a relative rotative movement between the two parts, it being understood that the longitudinal movement to seat the grip portion of the gun firmly against the stock in the bottom of the recess I9 is effected by pressure against the shoulder of the user, while the rotative movement is effected by pressure of the cheek of the user against the stock.

As shown more particularly in Fig. 3, in its nortion, the trigger is provided with a rearwardly extending lug 30 the end of which engages below the forward end of the tubular member 24. Adjacent the point of engagement the tubular member is provided with a slot 32, which, when it registers with the lug 30, will receive this lug and permit the trigger to be pressed rearwardly. It will be understood that, as the tubular member 24 moves with the stock in its rotative movement,

.when the stock is rotated by pressure of the cheek thereagainst so that it is brought into alignment with the barrel and the lines 28 and 28 of Fig. 3 coincide, the slot 32 will register with the end of the lug 30 and permit the gun to be fired. In any other position the trigger is locked against movement, and cannot be pressed rearwardly to fire the gun.

' The stock is maintained out of alignment with the barrel by means of the spring 2|, which not only acts as a compression spring, but acts as a torsion spring. As one end of this spring is engaged with the receiver of the gun and the rear end with the stock, the stock will be returned to the position shown in Fig. 3 after it has been moved into firing position in alignment with the barrel. In order to limit the movement of the stock by the spring in one direction, the tubular member 24 is provided with a slot 33 adjacent the rear end thereof, and a pin 34 is inserted in the grip portion of the gun, the end of this pin being received in the slot.

The position of the rear end of the trigger and the tubular member 24, when the gun stock is in its normal position out of alignment with the barrel, is shown in Fig. 5, wherein it will be seen that the rear end of the lug 30 engages below a portion of the tubular member 24 adjacent the slot 32. In this position the gun cannot be fired. When, however, the gun is placed against the shoulder of the user and is gripped securely by his hands, proper pressure against his shoulder will move the barrel rearwardly against the spring 2| until the rear end of the tubular portion of the grip will seat upon the bottom of the annular recess l 9, so that the user will know that he is properly pressing the gun against his shoulder. Also, when the user places his head and cheek in the proper position upon the stock and effects the proper pressure by his cheek upon the stock, the latter will be given a slight rotative movement against the action of the spring 2|, serving as a torsion spring, to bring the stock and barrel into alignment, and to bring his eye into alignment with the gun sights. At this time the lug 30 upon the trigger will register with the slot 32 and will permit the firing of the gun. It will thus be seen that the correct grip, shoulder and cheek pressures are required before the gun can be fired, thus requiring the beginner to hold the gun in the proper position.

In Figs. 6 to 10 of the drawings, I have shown a slightly modified form of invention wherein it is necessary to move the barrel rearwardly with respect to the. stock to properly seat the tubular portion of the grip in the recess I9 before the stock can be rotated by the cheek. The parts of this form of my invention are similar to those just described in connection with Figs. 1 and 5, with the exception of the form of the rearwardly extending lug on the trigger and the shape of the slot at the forward end of the tubular member 24.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the member 24 is provided adjacent its forward endwith an L-shaped slot 35, this slot having a short lug 3B projecting thereinto from the front portion of the member 24. Also, as shown in these figures, the rearwardly extending lug 30 upon the trigger is provided with a lateral recess 31, and rearwardly of this recess is provided with an upstanding pin 38. This pin in the normal position of the parts, as shown in Fig. 8, seats in the portion 39 of the L-shaped slot 35. It will be seen, therefore, that the member 24 cannot be rotated as long as the pin is in this position, due to the fact that such rotation will be prevented by the short lug 36. When, however, the barrel of the gun is moved rearwardly with relation to the stock, the pin 28 will move from the position shown in Fig. 8 to that shown in Fig. 9, in which it clears the lug 36 and may be rotated in the slot until the lug 36 registers with the recess 31, as shown in Fig. 9. In this position the trigger may be pressed rearwardly, and the gun discharged. The normal or locked position of the parts is shown in Fig. 8, wherein the trigger cannot be pressed rearwardly due to the engagement of the lug 36 therewith, nor can. the stock be ro tated relatively to the gun, due to the fact that the upstanding pin 38 upon the lug 30 on the trigger is in engagement with the lug 36.

It will be seen, therefore, that in this form of my invention, the barrel of the gun must be pressed rearwardly into the stock before the 4 stock can be given a rotative movement by the check of the user to align the stock with the barrel, and to unlock the trigger so that the gun may be discharged. In other words, both longitudinal and rotative movements of the stock relatively to the barrel are required to alignthe parts of the gun and to place the firing mechanism in position to be discharged.

It will be seen, therefore, that in both forms of my invention I provide for the correct grip, shoulder and cheek pressures, thus requiring that the gun must be held in a proper position before it is discharged. The beginner will thus become accustomed to holding his gun properly, and will learn the correct forms for shooting. When these principles have been perfected, he may, if he chooses, use the ordinary or expert's gun, as he will naturally hold his gun in the proper position as a result of the correct habits which have been formed.

While I have shown and described some preferred embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that it is not to be limited to all of the details shown, but is capable of modification and variation within the spirit of the invention and. within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together in assembled position for relative rotative movement, and means for preventing discharge of the gun until said stock and barrel are in a predetermined position relative to one another.

2. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel in assembled position for a limited rotative movement relatively thereto, and means preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movement relatively to the barrel.

3. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together for relative rotative movement,

means normally holding said stock in a predetermined position relatively to the barrel, and means for preventing discharge of the gun until said stock has been given a rotative movement with respect to the barrel from said normal position.

4. A gun having a. barrel, and a stock 'connected to the barrel for rotative movement relatively thereto, said stock occupying a normal predetermined position with respect to the barrel, means preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movement relatively to the barrel, and means to automatically efiect a return rotative movement of the stock to its normal-position.

5. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel for rotative movement relatively thereto, said stock occupying a normal predetermined position with respect -to the barrel, means preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movement relatively to the barrel, and spring means to automatically effect a return rotative movement of the stock to its normal position.

with the barrel when assembled therewith but rotatable with respect to the barrel to efiect alignment of said parts, means for preventing discharge of the gun until the stock and barrel are aligned, and means for efiecting rotation of the stock relatively to the barrel by pressure of the cheek of the user thereagainst when the gun is held to the shoulder.

8. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together when assembled for relative rotative movement, a trigger by which the gun is discharged, and-means for preventing movement of the trigger to discharge the gun until said stock has been rotated relatively to the barrel.

9. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel for a limited rotative movement relatively thereto, resilient means adapted to move said stock in one direction to place it out of alignment with said barrel, said stock being adapted to be moved by pressure of the cheek of the user thereagainst into substantial alignment with the barrel, and means for preventing together, when assembled, for relative rotative and longitudinal movements, said parts occupying a normal position with respect to each other, means for preventing discharge of the gun until said parts are moved longitudinally and rotatively from their normal positions, and common means to return said parts to their normal positions when the gun is removed from the usual firing position.

12. A gun having a barrel and a stock, said parts being capable of relative longitudinal and rotative movements, means for preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movement with respect to the barrel, and means to prevent such rotative movement until the stock has been moved longitudinally in the direction of the barrel.

13. A -gun having a barrel and a stock, said stock being slidably and rotatably connected to the barrel and adapted to be moved both slidvably and rotatably with respect thereto by pressure of the body of the user thereagainst, means for preventing discharge of the gun until a relative rotative movement of the parts has been efiected, and means for preventing such rotative movement until a relative slidable movement of the parts has been effected.

14. A gun having a barrel and a stock, a member connecting said barrel and stock for relative longitudinal and rotative movements when assembled together, means for preventing discharge of the gun until at least one of said movements has been efiected, and a spring acting between said parts to effect return movement thereof to normal position.

15. A gun having a barrel and a stock, one of said parts having a bore therein, the other of said parts having a post extending into said bore whereby the barrel and stock are connected together for rotative movement, means urging said parts to a normal predetermined position in which the stock is out of angular alignment with the barrel, and means for preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been moved into substantial alignment with the barrel.

16. A gun having a barrel and a grip portion, said grip portion being provided with a rearwardly facing bore, a stock having a part extending into said'bore and connecting the stock to the barrel for limited rotative and slidable movements relatively thereto, a. spring mounted between said part and the bottom of said bore, said spring resisting both rotative and slidable movements of the barrel and stock, and means for preventing firing of the gun until a relative rotative movement of said parts has been effected.

17. A gun having a barrel and a grip portion, said grip portion being provided with a rearwardly facing bore, a stock having a part extending into said bore and connected to the barrel for limited rotative and slidable movements relatively thereto, a spring mounted between said part and the bottom of said bore, said spring resisting both rotative and slidable movements of the barrel and stock, and means for preventing flring of the gun until both rotative and longitudinal relative movement of said parts has been effected.

LE ROY B. FRASER.

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