US2120194A - Construction of machines - Google Patents

Construction of machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2120194A
US2120194A US100029A US10002936A US2120194A US 2120194 A US2120194 A US 2120194A US 100029 A US100029 A US 100029A US 10002936 A US10002936 A US 10002936A US 2120194 A US2120194 A US 2120194A
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Prior art keywords
brackets
framework
members
machine
clamping
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Expired - Lifetime
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US100029A
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English (en)
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Smith Morton
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars

Definitions

  • This invention is for improvements in the construction of machines.
  • Machines as at present built have their working parts supported in the requisite interacting relation in a solid frame or 5 bed plate, which is usually of cast or wrought metal, although sometimes this bed plate or frame consists of two or three comparatively solid castings rigidly bolted together.
  • This form of construction has certain disadvantages.
  • the arrangement is generally such that the machines must be packed and transported, each as a complete unit, which leads to substantial freightage and tariff charges.
  • expensive patterns are required for the bed plates, which latter themselves are massive and expensive and necessitate intricate machining and fitting operations to provide the necessary bearings and other points of attachment for the working parts.
  • each machine must of necessity be a complete entity, with its own frame or bed plate, for it would be impracticable, owing to the size of the frame or bed plate required, to build the working parts of successive machines into one continuous length of bed plate. Because each machine necessitates its own frame or bed plate, the capital cost of each is correspondingly increased and the feasibility of replacing or altering any one machine in the succession is diminished.
  • the present invention has for its chief object to avoid these disadvantages and is especially concerned with machine lay-outs of the kind wherein machines are arranged in a succession each to perform repetition operations upon identical ar ticles that are passed in a stream along the production line.
  • the invention provides a method of constructing machines which consists in dispensing with the usual cast or Wrought solid frame or bed plate and employing in substitution therefor a lattice-like, or skeleton, frame-work, built up from bar-like members and clampingbrackets-or lugs, and in utilizing the said members as supports for the working parts of the machine, which parts are desirably mounted thereon, individually or separately but in their correct working relation, by clamping-brackets or lugs that are clamped to the said members.
  • the working parts are referred to as being individually or separately mounted to indicate that they are assembled on the said frame-work one by one or in small sub-units so that the machine September 12, 1935 is actually built up in the frame-work in contradistinction to any arrangement in which a machine as a complete working entity is attached to a framework.
  • the framework is detachably built up from comparatively inexpensive interchangeable or similar parts, such as circular sectional metal bars and split clamping-brackets or lugs.
  • the framework is, therefore, light and may be erected by unskilled labour, and moreover may be transported in pieces for assembly at its destination, for the bars may be packed side by side in long packing cases and the brackets packed in quantitles in other cases. In this manner freightage and tariff charges are reduced and in the case of a breakage the broken member is readily and inexpensively replaceable.
  • the framework may readily be extended to accom- 'modate further working parts or machines and this is of importance in connection with a layout of the kind referred to hereinbefore, for all the machines may be built into the same continuous framework which itself is built up by connecting longitudinal bar-like members end to end and supporting them on uprights that are connected by transverse members.
  • the invention may be said to embrace the provision in a machine or machines of a lattice-like or skeleton framework comprising bar-like framework members (e. g. uprights, transverse and longitudinal members connecting them), split clamping-brackets or lugs securing said framework members together, and component working parts of the machine secured individually but in their interacting relation to the framework members desirably by split clamping brackets.
  • the framework may be built up wholly or in the main of circular section bars, and advantageously at least one rotating part of the machine assembly may be journalled on one of the circular frame members. These members, being circular, may also be employed to support parts of the machine that necessitate rotational adjustment.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine frame according to this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a section of a pedestal employed therein.
  • Figure 3 comprises two sections through a clamping-bracket employed in the frame.
  • Figure 4 is a section of a clip employed for attaching a transverse beam.
  • Figure 5 is a plan of one end of
  • Figure 6 is a section through, the said transverse beam.
  • Figures '7 and 8 each comprise two sections of further split clamping-brackets employed in the frame.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevation showing the manner in which the said frame is incorporated in a machine, while Figure 10 is a section on the line l0l0 in Figure 9, on a somewhat enlarged scale.
  • each upright consisting of. a suitable length of a circular section bar of steel or other metal, reduced in diameter at its lower end to spigot into a disclike foot plate I I (Fig. 2).
  • the uprights In in each line are connected by outer longitudinal members I2 of a superstructure portion of the framework, (which may be provided at upper and lower levels) themselves consisting of circular section steel or like bars of the appropriate length.
  • These longitudinals l2 are clamped to the uprights ID by split clamping-brackets I3 (Fig. 3).
  • each bracket comprises a vertical sleeve [3a, split longitudinally and provided with a transverse bolt hole in a suitable boss or lug to take a horizontal clamping bolt l4 by which the sleeve may be clamped around the upright I0 after the latter has been inserted into it.
  • a horizontal sleeve I32 Integral with this vertical sleeve,there is a horizontal sleeve I32) to receive the longitudinals.
  • This sleeve may either be split longitudinally at one side whereat it is provided with two spaced vertical clamping bolts, but more desirably it is constructed, in two halves, a bottom half of trough-like form integral with the vertical sleeve and a top half which consists of two trough-like caps.
  • Two longitudinal members such as [2 may be laid, with their ends abutting, in the lower half of the sleeve, and the caps placed in position (one over the end of eachlongitudinal) and secured by. clamping bolts I5, of which there are at least two diametrically opposed bolts to each cap.
  • clamping bolts I5 of which there are at least two diametrically opposed bolts to each cap.
  • transverse members I 6 of the superstructure (Fig. 1). These members also comprise circular section bars clamped in position by clamping brackets.
  • the uprights are connected together near the floor level by transverse beams I! (Fig. 1) of, say, cast iron.
  • transverse beams I! (Fig. 1) of, say, cast iron.
  • These beams are preferably formed with flat upper surfaces to afford firm supports for bearings to be secured thereto and with flat face ends, and are bolted at their ends to split brackets I8 (Fig.
  • each bracket comprising a vertical plate lBb formed with bolt holes for the attachment of the beam, the contacts of the plates I8by of the brackets with the flat faces of the beam ends insuring a substantial and rigid transverse connection between the lower ends of the opposing uprights of the framework.
  • the latter is desirably of I-section, machined at the edges of the flanges and along the upper surface of the top flange.
  • On the central web there is a line of through slots 24 (Fig. 6), thereby providing for the attachment thereto in the desired position of certain machine components" or auxiliaries, such as dust-extracting pipes andthe like.
  • a longitudinal slot l9 preferably of an inverted T-shape 1 into which bolts may be inserted through apertures I901.
  • these apertures being sufficiently enlarged to receive the bolt heads and to permit the bolts to be slid along so that their heads are received in the cross barof the T and their stems project upwards through the vertical part thereof.
  • extending along in the base of the framework may be bolted to the transverse beams or frame members as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 9.
  • Other machine components may also bebolted there-' to, such for example as an electric motor.
  • the brackets employed consist of a split sleeve 22a adapted to be clamped round the upright It) or a longitudinal l2 by a clamping bolt, and another split sleeve 22b extending at right angles thereto and adapted to be clamped round the transverse bar 5.
  • This second sleeve may (as in the brackets previously described and illustrated in Fig. 3) consist of an integral trough-like lower part and a removable cap. 7 r 7 r
  • the Various interacting component parts of the machine such as gearwheels and the'like, may be connected in their appropriate working relation to the frame members hereinbefore described by means of split clamping-brackets.
  • gearwheels and the'like may be connected in their appropriate working relation to the frame members hereinbefore described by means of split
  • clamping-bracket 33 has one split socket 330. and a second split socket 33b abutting thereon,.such brackets may also be used for connecting any other of the frame members at right angles. 7
  • each disc there may be three kinds of notches, large semi-circular notches, half-hexagonal notches and smaller semi-circular notches, and attached to each disc there may be an adjustable selector plate having notches in its periphery spaced apart by an amount equal to the spacing between notches of one kind in the disc.
  • this selector plate may be so positioned on the disc that for example it covers the half-hexagonal and small semi-circular notches and only exposes the large semi-circular notches when round rods of comparatively large diameter are to be dealt with.
  • the hopper d5 comprises parallel end plates 45a, 45b the said end plates having inwardly directed flanges along their side edges. These end-plates are adjustable towards and away from each other in accordance with the length of the rods to be stacked therein, and for this purpose the end-plate 45a is attached to a hopper bar 4500 which spans, and is adjustably clamped to, the auxiliary longitudinals 3i and the plate 451) is secured to a similar hopper bar 41 which is cranked for the purpose hereinafter mentioned.
  • the hopper contracts towards its base to a narrow neck and in this neck there is an upwardly extending plate 48 which is adjustable to adapt the width of the neck to the diameter or thickness of the rods dealtwith.
  • At the upper part of the said neck there is an agitator 48 mounted upon a shaft 5! that is driven by a cross belt 5
  • This shaft 53 is carried on an upstanding bracket 43 adjustably clamped to the inner longitudinals 30 and drives the conveyor through gears 54, 54a. It is itself driven from the main shaft 2
  • the conveyor rotates in anti-clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 10 and carries the rods loaded into it beneath two retaining bands 64 which are spaced about by an amount equal to .lower end rotatably supports a shaft 14.
  • a split depending arm 13 which at its This shaft carries an emery disc 15 so located that the left-hand ends ( Figure 9) of the rods gripped between the conveyor and the retaining band 64 are carried across its periphery and are ground flush.
  • This grinding operation exerts an end-- thrust on the rods (tendingto move them axially) and the said thrust is resisted by a curved plate 76 that is adjustable by means of a screw 11 carried in an arm 18 depending from and clamped to the aforesaid auxiliary longitudinal 3
  • the forked depending arm or bracket 73 is adjustable along the said longitudinal 3l, after its clamping bolts have been slacked off, by means of a screw '19 carried in an arm 8! also clamped to the longitudinal. It is to avoid the arm or bracket 13 that the hopper bar 41 cranked, and one end of said bar may be integral with the arm 8.
  • the sand-papering or emery disc is enclosed within a cowling 8
  • the shaft 14 of the sand-papering disc is driven by a belt 84 from an electric motor 85 slung by means of a split clamping-bracket 86 from one of the longitudinals l2, and the belt tension may be adjusted by rotating said bracket 86 on the longitudinal.
  • Various machine units such as hereinbefore described may be built into a long lattice-like framework along which longitudinal-members extend end to end, the abutting ends being received in brackets such as l3.
  • Such a framework may be provided with asingle drive shaft such as 2
  • the framework be in one continuous length, as same may be interrupted at intervals to suit'existing requirements or conditions. Also there may be spaces at intervals between certain of the machine units for enabling manual operations to be carried out and/or work stored or collected, and in said spaces work-tables or benches may be fixed cated in the lower part of the framework, consisting of adjustable clamping brackets to be secured to the uprights in desired positions, and formed with flat vertical plates and beam members with flat ends arranged to be bolted to the said flat plates of opposite clamping brackets, the saidbeam members being longitudinally slotted for receiving connecting bolts adjustable in said slots and serving to support bearings for a line of shafting.
  • a knock down skeleton machine framework such as described in claim 1 further characterized by the beam members being formed. with lines of through slots.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
US100029A 1935-09-12 1936-09-09 Construction of machines Expired - Lifetime US2120194A (en)

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GB2120194X 1935-09-12

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2442744A (en) * 1947-03-19 1948-06-01 Carl J Geiger Buffing or polishing machine
US2791069A (en) * 1953-07-21 1957-05-07 Aluminum Bronze Company Ltd Machines for polishing or otherwise treating headed articles
FR2337009A1 (fr) * 1975-12-31 1977-07-29 Prodel Jacques Machine transfert
US11253966B2 (en) * 2017-11-30 2022-02-22 Universita' Degli Studi Di Genova Modular frame structure for machining center

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2442744A (en) * 1947-03-19 1948-06-01 Carl J Geiger Buffing or polishing machine
US2791069A (en) * 1953-07-21 1957-05-07 Aluminum Bronze Company Ltd Machines for polishing or otherwise treating headed articles
FR2337009A1 (fr) * 1975-12-31 1977-07-29 Prodel Jacques Machine transfert
US11253966B2 (en) * 2017-11-30 2022-02-22 Universita' Degli Studi Di Genova Modular frame structure for machining center

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR812147A (xx) 1937-05-30

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