Patented May 24, 1938 I v UNITED STATES PATENT orFicE WELD ROD Anthony G. de Golyer, New'York, N. Y., assignor to Vulcan Alloy Corporation, a corporation of Delaware 1 No Drawing. Application July 6, 1936', Serial No. 89,244
2 Claims. (Cl. 219--8) This invention relates to a new alloy steel and physical properties and characteristics than manrelates particularly to an alloy steel containing ganese steel or other heretofore known alloys tungsten, chromium, boron and carbon, as well intended as substitutes therefor; and which may as certain other essential alloy elements, which is also be readily repaired by welding with material 6 particularly adapted for fusion by high temperof the same composition. Further, the alloy may ature gas flame or an electric arc and deposition be used in the form of weld rod for refacing or on solid metal of a weld, facing or the like, charreclamation of carbon steelsand a large number acterized by high hardness and high resistance of alloy steels. to stress and deformation. I have found that an alloy composed prin- This application isa continuation in part of my cipally as follows: tungsten 3% to 10%, chroco-pending application Serial No. 70,618, filed mium 2% to 5%, boron .15% to'.90%,carbon March 24, 1936, in which I disclosed an alloy .30% to .90%, manganese '.20% to 1.00%, silicon comprising tungsten 4% to 7%, chromium 2% to 20% to 1.00% and the remainder substantially v 5%,,boron .15% to .90%, carbon .30% to .90%, iron, possesses relatively high hardness, high manganese .40% to .90%, silicon to .80% strength and is extremely resistant to deforma- 15 and the balance substantially all iron. I have tion under impact. Furthermore, material of found that when the alloy containing these sevthis composition is particularly suitable for eral elements is used only as a weld rod for the deposition by welding by various means, and the deposition of metal by any of the known fusion metal so deposited has high hardness 'e. g. from 20 methods the percentages of certain of the essenapproximately 450 to 640 Brinell, and also has 20 tial components may be varied within different substantially the same high resistance to deforlimits, as specified herein. mation and impact as material\of the same com- Several alloy compositions have heretofore position which has been cast and subsequently been proposed for the application of welds having mechanically worked, such as byyrolling. Such relatively high degrees of hardness, i. e. approxwelded deposits may be ground bymeans of a 5 imately 500 Brinell hardness numbers or higher. suitable medium but cannot be cut nor machined All of such compositions contain high percentages by high speed steel. of alloy elements, together with at least 1% or When used in the form of a weld rod, the alloy more of carbon. Although weld metal deposited of this invention may, for example, be deposited with such compositions has high hardness, the by means of oxyacetylene welding. The'hard- 30 deposits'are extremely brittle and consequently ness of such deposits, in the as welded condition, are not suitable for use on applications exposed ranges from 600 to 640 Brinell. After such deto hammering or shock. posits have been subjected to cold working or Cast manganese steel, containing some 12% to impact, the hardness usually shows an increase 14% manganese, has been extensively used for of from 30 to 50 Brinell numbers. The weld 35 parts of equipment subjected to wear by abrasion metal exhibits remarkable resistance to failure and impact. Such manganese steel, as is genunder repeated shock or impact. erally known, must be subjected to suitable heat. The alloy of this invention may also be detreatm'ent in order to develop the desired physposited by arc welding. When using this method 40 ical characteristics. Properly heat treated cast- I usually prefer to employ a flux in conjunction 40 ings of this alloy have a Brinell hardness of from with the weld rod. The metal has a high degree 200 to 250. The hardness is increased to a of weldability and the deposits are exceptionally maximum of approximately 450 Brinell when the sound and homogeneous. The hardness of such heat treated alloy is subjected to cold working, arc welded deposits ranges from about 450 to i. e., repeated hammering or impact. It is a well 650 Brinell in the as welded condition. Deposits 45 known metallurgical fact that heat treated cast which have been subjected to cold work or impact manganese steel is not well adapted to rebuilding show an increase inihardness of from to 100 or repair by welding; the principal reason being Brinell numbers. Furthermore, deposits of this that the portions of the castings which are heated alloy made by arc welding possess all of the ad- 50 to elevated temperatures in the welding operation vantageous physical properties and character- 50 undergo a marked change of structure. In this istics exhibited by welds made by other means. manner the effect of prior heat treatment is en- The combined physical properties and charactirely destroyed. teristics of the alloy of this invention 1. e. high The object of this invention is to provide an hardness, high strength and high resistance to alloy whichpossesses, in combination, better deformation under impact render. it particularlyoli valuable for many uses for which manganese steel and other alloys have heretofore been employeol, for example, such as frogs, switch points, cross-overs and other railroad equipment; rock crusher jaws; excavating machinery, etc. I have further found that for many industrial purposes it is possible to have the major portion of the equipment composed of inexpensive carbon steel and to face the surfaces exposed to extreme conditions of wear or deformation with welded deposits oi the present alloy. Extensive tests proved that equipment so faced has, in general, longer service life than similar articles made entirely of mangenese steel or other special alloys; Furthermore, such welded facings may be read- .ily and economically repaired or rebuilt, with the same alloy, an indefinite number of times. Consequently, this alloy ofiers distinctive advantages of economy.
The essential components of my alloy are tungsten, chromium, boron, carbon, manganese, silicon and iron. The principal constituent of the alloy is iron. The tungsten content should be between 3% and 10%, the chromium content between 2% and 5% and the boron content between 15% and. .90%. The other essential component elements are each present in eflectlve amounts up to a maximum oi approximately 1% of the total weight of the alloy. Specifically, I prefer to have the latter elements present within the following limits: carbon 30% to 00%, manaliases ganese 20% to 1.00% and. silicon 20% to 1.00%. It will be understood that the alloy will usually contain minor amounts of phosphorus, sulphur and other impurities incidental to manufacture.
The amounts of such impurities present should be within the maximum limits usually prescribed for alloy steels. I also wish to explain that vanadium may be present in amounts of from approximately .15% to 375% but the inclusion of this element is in no way essential As a specific example, an alloy within the scope of this invention which I have found to be particularly suitable for the facing by welding of new or worn railroad track equipment is the following: tungsten 6%, chromium 3.25%, boron 52%, carbon .47%, manganese 324%, silicon 54%, and the balance iron with the exception of fractional percentages of phosphorus, sulphur and arsenic.
I claim:
1. A weld rod comprising a metallic composition containing tungsten 3% to 10%, chromium 2% to 5%, boron 15% to 30%, carbon .30% to .90%, manganese .20% to 1.00%, silicon 20% to 1.00% and the remainder substantially iron.
' our or. he GOLYERt