US2117108A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

May 10, 1933 `M. c. SPENCER 2,117,108

BURNER V Filed April 2e; 1935 Patented May 10,.` s

- UNITE-DIST `The `object of thisinventicn 'is to provide simple, ecient, economical and durable" burner g and ignition means therefor which utilizes liquid fuels, particularly the" heavier hydrocarbon oils, such as s. fueloils andjkerosenefas for example,

for the `quiet `operation of furnace `burnersfand for `internal combustionengines `of such types as s ordinarily run with the lighter hydrocarbon oilsA suchasga-solene.` ,l Further objects are: to provide a burner which can be ignited and `started.` by "electrical means with a minimum useof electric current;

In the accompanying sheet of drawings which forms a part of this description;`

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionthrough a vaporizer on the lines I--Iof Figs. 2, 3, eiland 5, with a burner and igniter which embodies this invention. l l u Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line 1I-II of Fig. 1, showing the valve through which fuel is admitted to the burner; s

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line III- III of Fig. 1, showing the electrical heater coil for rad`iating heat to the vaporilng plate in a burner. Fig. 4 is a cross section` on the line IV-IV of Fig. 1, showing the vaporizingplate. s

Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line V--V of Fig. 1, through one of the retorts inthe combustion chamber. t

An enclosed combustion chamber I0 has a main vaporizer burner II initslower end and-in communication with `its upper end` a burner and igniter I2 which is electrically heated. The

burner is provided with an air supply from a conduit I3, and a first `portion of fuel from a fuel conduit I4, which is a source of fuel supply, througha needle valve i5` in the removable head of the burner; The, fuel supply `passes from the valve through a continuation of the fuel conduit I6 which is coaxial with the surrounding air conduit in 'the burner and is discharged from a nozzle II at the lower end. In this section of the conduit` is a rod I8 with a ,helical groove similar` to the groove oi a twist drill. This retards the passage of the f uel so that it maybe sufliciently heated before it is discharged at the nozzle.` A `cylinder of reclay I9 surrounds" the lower end of the fuel conduit andan electrical heater coil 20 surrounds the cylinder as ahelix and is continued as a spiral adjoining the lower end of the cylinder and the inner` end of the spiral is welded to the nozzle and is grounded by the conduit. The

other end of the coil is welded to a copper` rod 2 I,y

the upper end of which is riveted to an insulated I5 plate'v22 which carries a binding post 23. This f s PATENTIfoFl-ice `2,117,103` w o I s y o nURNERI o o `ltfillarilgCole, Spencer, East Orange, N. Jl, assigne` I. or: tmCrocker-Wheeler Electric Manufacturg` Company, Ampere, N. J.,\a corporation of Applicantpnprirzc, lssaserial No. 13,?23` s ,l ensmsg (o1. 15e-2s) ,l

together with a binding post`24 mounted onfthe cap of the` burner `serve for current supply to the electricalheater coil. s l I l Closely adjacent` to the spiral portion ofthe heatercoil is a vaporizinglplateu of flreclay 5 forming with the coil a connedspace into which this first portion of the fuel is discharged and vaporized. Firstthe` current is turnedon for about a minute so that the coil and theplate by` s radiation from theeoil willboth be brought at 10 least to a dull redheatand then `the fuel is dis-` charged andwill be` repelled from the hot sur-` faces and vaporized without deposit of hard car-fv bon.` Theincoming air passes the helical part of the heater coil, mixes with the vapor coming 15 "burned The flame passes down a. central tube 26 through a first retort 21 and a second retort 28 and the flame and gases flow up through ues z5 between ribs 29 between the outside walls of these retorts and the wall of the combustion chamber and are discharged through an exhaust flue 30 at the top of the combustion chamber. Since there is` no accumulation of residue in these 30 retorts it is4 not necessary to provide access thereto and the covers may be Welded in place as shown.

When the' walls of these retorts have been brought up to a dull red temperature or higher, a. second' portion of fuel is admitted through a needle `valve 3I to a fuel conduit 32 to the rst retort where it is vaporized and the vapor passes to a vapor supply conduit 33 the course of which is downward so that any oil condensing therein will readily drain out. From thisconduit `the vapor passes to an air supply conduit 34 leading to the combustion chamber. Air for the combustion of the vapor is supplied to the air supply conduit, and the mixed vapor and air is ignited from theame directed downward from the burner and igniter I2. `After the ignition, the electric current and the first portion of fuel in the burner and igniter are cut off, and a third 50 portion of fuel is admitted `through a needle valve 35 to a fuel conduit 36 to the second retort, and from this the vapor is drawn through a conduit 3l for any purpose for which it may be useful.

The air supply conduits' receiveair from a blower not shown.

surrounding and coaxial with the fuel conduit, a

ame tube formed by an extension of the air conduit beyond the vaporizing plate, and an electrical heater coil having a set of its convolutions in the air conduit and a set of-its convolutions positioned to heat the vaporizing plate by radiation and forming a. vaporizing space between it and the plate and having an ignition convolution between the two sets of convolutions at the discharge opening of the vaporizing space, the discharge opening of thev air conduit and the entrance to vthe flame tube being alsoat the discharge opening of the vaporizing space,` Whereby the air is caused to meet and mix with the vapor at the ignition coil and the ignited mixture conducted to the ame tube. A

2. A burner having a vaporizing plate, a fuel conduit with a nozzle positioned for discharging fuel onto the vaporizing plate, an air conduit surrounding and coaxial with the fuel conduit, a flame tube formed by an extension of the air conduit beyond the vaporizing plate, and an electrical heater 'coil having a helical Vset of its convolutions in the air conduit Isurrounding the fuel conduit and positioned rfor heating the fuel conduit and the air in theair conduit and a spiral set of its convolutions positioned to heat the vaporizing plate by radiation and forming a vaporlzin'g space between it and the plate and having an ignition convolution at the corner between the two sets of convolutions at the discharge opening of the vaporizing space, the discharge opening of the-air conduit and the entrance to the flame tube being also at the discharge opening of the vaporizing space, whereby the air is caused vto meet and mix'with the vapor at the ignition coil and 'the'lgnited mixture conducted to the flame tube.

3. A burner having a vaporizing plate, a. fuel conduit with a nozzle positioned for discharging 'fuel onto the vaporizing plate, a rod provided with a helical groove in the fuel conduit, an air conduit surroundingA and coaxial with the fuel conduit, a flame tube formed by an extension of the air conduit beyond the vaporizing plate, and an electrical heater coil having a helical set of its convolutions in the air conduit surrounding the fuel conduit and positioned for heating the fuel conduit and the airin the air conduit and a spiral set of itsconvolutions positioned to heat the vaporizing plate byfradiation andforming a. vaporizing space betweenvit-and the plate and having an ignition convolution at the corner between the two sets of convolutions at the discharge opening of vthe-vaporizing space, the dis-- charge opening of Athe air conduit and the entrance to the flame tube' being also-at the discharge opening of the vaporizing'space, whereby the air is caused to meet and mix with the vapor at the ignition coil and the ignited mixture conducted to the lametube. 1

. MULLARD CQLE SPENCER.

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