US2114843A - Xlubricants - Google Patents
Xlubricants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2114843A US2114843A US2114843DA US2114843A US 2114843 A US2114843 A US 2114843A US 2114843D A US2114843D A US 2114843DA US 2114843 A US2114843 A US 2114843A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- sulfurized
- grease
- lubricating oil
- sulfur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 32
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- WVRFSLWCFASCIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical class CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1 WVRFSLWCFASCIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000343232 Oia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010699 lard oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 naphthenic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
- C10N2060/10—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by sulfur or a compound containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
Definitions
- This invention relates to lubricants and more particularly to greases capable of withstanding high pressures.
- An important object of the invention is to 5 prepare a grease having extreme pressure characteristics-and suitable for heavy duty roller bearing application. v v
- the invention comprises broadly a rease having extreme pressure characteristics formed ,of a
- soap and sulfurized mineral oil the latter ob tained by heating free sulfur with a ,petroleum lubricating oil.
- a soap of a suitable mtal and a fatty material is made. Also,
- a sulfurized mineral oil is prepared by heating free sulfur and a mineral oil, such as a heavy lubricating oil or cylinder stock. The soap and sulfurized oil are then mixed and formed into a grease of suitable consistency.
- a lime soap of a proper fatty material although other soaps, such as sodium, aluminum, magnesium, mayalso. be used.
- a suitable lubricating oil is sulfurized and then the soap and sulfurized oil are mixed under proper conditions and in such proportions as to give the desired product.
- a lime soap of a good grade of tallow' is useful although other fatty oils orfatty.
- acids such as cottonseed oil, stearic acid, lard oil, and petroleum acids, such as naphthenic acids, may be used.
- the mineral oil is sulfurized by treatment with free sulfurythe amount of sulfur being sufficient to incorporate about 0.75 to 1.5% therein, although larger amounts may be used if desired.
- the quantity of free sulfur necessary to obtain the desired amount in the oil will depend on the 40 method of incorporation. For an open grease kettle, about 3% will usuallybe sufficient and if a closed kettle is used wherein pressure is developed, the amount of sulfur may be reduced.
- the proportionate amounts of lime soap and sulfurized oil may vary depending on the desired consistency of the resultant grease. For most purposes a product having an A. S. T. M. penetration of about 240-360 is suitable and there will be required for such .a product about 23-14% lime soap and 75-90% mineral oil. We prefer to use about 10-12% lime soap and about 80-85% sulfurized mineral oil in which case a product having a penetration of about 260-280 may be obtained.
- the following example will illustrate the preparation of one grease falling within the scope of the invention.
- the grease was prepared by charging the A tallow, lime, about 5-10% of the sulfurized oil, and about of the water into a steam jacketed grease kettle provided with the usual paddle stirrers and operated under pressure.
- the tem- 25 perature was brought to about 300 F. in about an hour and was maintained at 300-325 F. for about one and one-halfhours with the pressure being from 40 to pounds.
- the mixture was then charged into an open top steam jacketed 30 kettle, heated to about 280 F. until foaming had subsided, and more of the sulfurized oil was added.
- the extreme pressure test referred to above 56 was made on a lubricant and wear tester manufactured by the Timken Roller Bearing Company.
- a solid, homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly oi. about -85% oi a sulfurized hydrocarbon lubricating oil and 10-12% of a lime soap oia iatty material, said sulfurized oil resulting from the incorporation of a small proportion oi suiiur into the oil by a separate heat treatment of a mixture of the sulfur and the oil at about 400 F.
- a homogeneous lubricating grease comprising at least about 80% of a sulfurized lubricating oil and a lime soap of a fatty material, said soap being present in sufiicient amount to render the grease solid, said suliurized lubricating oil consisting of a mineral lubricating oil reacted with a small proportion of sulfur under the influence 01' heat.
- a homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics comprising about 80-85% of a suliurized lubricating oil and a lime soap of a fatty material, said lime soap being present in suflicient amount to render the grease solid, said sullurized lubricating oil consisting essentially oi the reaction product resulting from heating a heavy hydrocarbon lubricating oil with a small proportion of free sulfur at a temperature in the region 01 400 F.
- a solid homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly oi a suifurized lubricating oil and 13-14% of a lime soap of tallow, said sulfurized lubricating oil consisting essentially of mineral lubricating oil suliurized by heat treatment at a temperature suiiicient to effect reaction between the oil and the sulfur.
- a solid homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly of a suliurized lubricating oil and 8-14% oi a lime soap of a fatty material, said sulfurized lubricating oil consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon lubricating oil reacted with sufllcient suliur at a temperature in the region of 400 F. to incorporate in the oil about OHS-1.5% sulfur.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 19, 1938 STATES- PATENT OFFlCE Y LUBRICANTS ware No Drawing. Application .lune 9, 1934,
Serial No. 729,898
, Claims.
This invention relates to lubricants and more particularly to greases capable of withstanding high pressures.
An important object of the invention is to 5 prepare a grease having extreme pressure characteristics-and suitable for heavy duty roller bearing application. v v
The invention comprises broadly a rease having extreme pressure characteristics formed ,of a
soap and sulfurized mineral oil, the latter ob tained by heating free sulfur with a ,petroleum lubricating oil.
In compounding the lubricant a soap of a suitable mtal and a fatty material is made. Also,
a sulfurized mineral oil is prepared by heating free sulfur and a mineral oil, such as a heavy lubricating oil or cylinder stock. The soap and sulfurized oil are then mixed and formed into a grease of suitable consistency.
In the manufacture of greases in accordance with. the invention, we prefer to make a lime soap of a proper fatty material, although other soaps, such as sodium, aluminum, magnesium, mayalso. be used. A suitable lubricating oil is sulfurized and then the soap and sulfurized oil are mixed under proper conditions and in such proportions as to give the desired product. In preparing a grease for heavy duty roller bearings, for example, a lime soap of a good grade of tallow' is useful although other fatty oils orfatty.
acids, such as cottonseed oil, stearic acid, lard oil, and petroleum acids, such as naphthenic acids, may be used.
The mineral oil is sulfurized by treatment with free sulfurythe amount of sulfur being sufficient to incorporate about 0.75 to 1.5% therein, although larger amounts may be used if desired. The quantity of free sulfur necessary to obtain the desired amount in the oil will depend on the 40 method of incorporation. For an open grease kettle, about 3% will usuallybe sufficient and if a closed kettle is used wherein pressure is developed, the amount of sulfur may be reduced.
The proportionate amounts of lime soap and sulfurized oil may vary depending on the desired consistency of the resultant grease. For most purposes a product having an A. S. T. M. penetration of about 240-360 is suitable and there will be required for such .a product about 23-14% lime soap and 75-90% mineral oil. We prefer to use about 10-12% lime soap and about 80-85% sulfurized mineral oil in which case a product having a penetration of about 260-280 may be obtained. The following example will illustrate the preparation of one grease falling within the scope of the invention.
Per cent Tallow 11.3 Sulfurized oil 83.35 5 Lime 1.57 Water 3.78
and 3% of sulfur and heating the same in a kettle m for about 5 hours at 400 F. The tests on the original-and finished product were as follows:
Unsulfurized Sulfurpale oil ized oil 15 Sulfur per cent" 0.35 1.4 Visc., Saybolt universal at 210 F 90 112 Extreme pressure test pounds 5 25 20 The grease was prepared by charging the A tallow, lime, about 5-10% of the sulfurized oil, and about of the water into a steam jacketed grease kettle provided with the usual paddle stirrers and operated under pressure. The tem- 25 perature was brought to about 300 F. in about an hour and was maintained at 300-325 F. for about one and one-halfhours with the pressure being from 40 to pounds. The mixture was then charged into an open top steam jacketed 30 kettle, heated to about 280 F. until foaming had subsided, and more of the sulfurized oil was added.
When the temperature had fallen below 200 F.
the remainder of the water was added until the product was satisfactorily emulsified, resulting in a very smooth, buttery grease. After stirring to the desired consistency the product was drawn out. The product testzd as follows:
Ordinary lime soap greases show extreme pressure tests of only 5 or 10 lbs. whereas greases pre- 0 pared in accordance with the invention are capable of withstanding high pressures and are particularly useful for lubrication of heavy duty steel mill roller bearings.
The extreme pressure test referred to above 56 was made on a lubricant and wear tester manufactured by the Timken Roller Bearing Company.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the invention, as hereinbefore set forth. may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and therefore only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.
We claim:
1. A solid, homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly oi. about -85% oi a sulfurized hydrocarbon lubricating oil and 10-12% of a lime soap oia iatty material, said sulfurized oil resulting from the incorporation of a small proportion oi suiiur into the oil by a separate heat treatment of a mixture of the sulfur and the oil at about 400 F.
2. A homogeneous lubricating grease comprising at least about 80% of a sulfurized lubricating oil and a lime soap of a fatty material, said soap being present in sufiicient amount to render the grease solid, said suliurized lubricating oil consisting of a mineral lubricating oil reacted with a small proportion of sulfur under the influence 01' heat.
3. A homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics comprising about 80-85% of a suliurized lubricating oil and a lime soap of a fatty material, said lime soap being present in suflicient amount to render the grease solid, said sullurized lubricating oil consisting essentially oi the reaction product resulting from heating a heavy hydrocarbon lubricating oil with a small proportion of free sulfur at a temperature in the region 01 400 F.
4. A solid homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly oi a suifurized lubricating oil and 13-14% of a lime soap of tallow, said sulfurized lubricating oil consisting essentially of mineral lubricating oil suliurized by heat treatment at a temperature suiiicient to effect reaction between the oil and the sulfur.
5. A solid homogeneous lubricating grease having extreme pressure characteristics consisting mainly of a suliurized lubricating oil and 8-14% oi a lime soap of a fatty material, said sulfurized lubricating oil consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon lubricating oil reacted with sufllcient suliur at a temperature in the region of 400 F. to incorporate in the oil about OHS-1.5% sulfur.
GUS KAUFMAN. ROY F. NELSON.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2114843A true US2114843A (en) | 1938-04-19 |
Family
ID=3429396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2114843D Expired - Lifetime US2114843A (en) | Xlubricants |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2114843A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2463822A (en) * | 1946-11-20 | 1949-03-08 | Standard Oil Co | Greases |
US2842496A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1958-07-08 | Texas Co | Traction motor gear lubricant |
-
0
- US US2114843D patent/US2114843A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2463822A (en) * | 1946-11-20 | 1949-03-08 | Standard Oil Co | Greases |
US2842496A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1958-07-08 | Texas Co | Traction motor gear lubricant |
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