US2114769A - Torsion balance - Google Patents

Torsion balance Download PDF

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Publication number
US2114769A
US2114769A US104869A US10486936A US2114769A US 2114769 A US2114769 A US 2114769A US 104869 A US104869 A US 104869A US 10486936 A US10486936 A US 10486936A US 2114769 A US2114769 A US 2114769A
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casing
torsion
balance
pendant
torsion balance
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US104869A
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Reeh Erich
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G3/00—Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances
    • G01G3/10—Weighing apparatus characterised by the use of elastically-deformable members, e.g. spring balances wherein the torsional deformation of a weighing element is measured

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in tor- 20
  • the pendant is disposed in a metallic casing the walls of which have a thickness substantially equal to or greater than the diameter of the space in which the oscillation takes place.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that the flow of heat in the interior of a thick wall is more uniform than that in a thin w'all.
  • the damping can be varied by inserting thin-walled tubes fitting into one another so as to touch ione another with 40 their inner and outer surfaces, the flow of heat from metal to metal not being impeded. More or fewer of these tubes may be removed to vary the width of the space where the oscillation takes place, thereby also varying the degree of damping.
  • I Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a casing including the pendant
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line A-B of Fig. 1.
  • I 5 a is the torsion wire
  • b a mirror connected with the pendant
  • c the carrier of the cross-beam.
  • d designates the beam of the balance, at the ends of which are secured the heavy bodies 1 e, e. f is the casing surrounding the space of 10 oscillation g
  • h is a tube fitting into the casing.
  • a metal of good heat conductivity is chosen, as, for instanme, copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum or silver.
  • 'Aluminum is particularly adapted for the purpose of the invention because when using it the weight of the torsion balance is not considerably increased as compared with the weight of the usual torsion balances.
  • a torsion balance comprising a pendant in cluding a cross beam and a supporting filament therefor, a homogeneous casing of high heat conductivity enveloping said balance, the thickness of said casing at least approximating the diameter of the space provided therein for oscillation ERICHREEH.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description

April 19, 1938. E. REEH 2,114,769
TORSION. BALANCE Fiied Oct. 9, 1936 Jnvenzon tented Apr. 19, .1938
TQRSION BALANCE lErich Hanoven.
Application October 9, 1936, Serial No. 104,869 In August 13, R35
1 Claim. (Cl- 265-45) sion balances. 1-
The exactness of measurements obtained by means of the usual torsion balances is injured by different phenomena, chiefly by variations of temperature which occur during the measuring operation and whereby air currents are produced.
In order to insure the measurements against the influence of variations of temperature caused by air currents the proposal has been made-to surround the pendant with a number of thin walled metallic boxes or pipes which in turn are separated from one another by air spaces and are not connected by metallic material.
Attempts were made to make the casing of a bad conductor of heat, but it was found that such materials are not uniformly heated so that the inner walls show marked differences in tem- .perature.
This invention relates to improvements in tor- 20 According to the present invention the pendant is disposed in a metallic casing the walls of which have a thickness substantially equal to or greater than the diameter of the space in which the oscillation takes place. I
'25 Whereas the most sensible of the usual torsion balances are subject to an average error of about 0.5 are minute in adjusting the beam, this error may be reduced to 0.11 are minute by disposing the pendant according to the present invention 30 in a metallic casing the' walls of which have a thickness of about 1.7 times the diameter of the spaceof oscillation.
The invention is based on the discovery that the flow of heat in the interior of a thick wall is more uniform than that in a thin w'all.
Moreover it was found that the damping can be varied by inserting thin-walled tubes fitting into one another so as to touch ione another with 40 their inner and outer surfaces, the flow of heat from metal to metal not being impeded. More or fewer of these tubes may be removed to vary the width of the space where the oscillation takes place, thereby also varying the degree of damping.
4 damping.
of said beam? The invention is illustrated by way of example in the annexed drawing of which I Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a casing including the pendant, and Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line A-B of Fig. 1. I 5 a is the torsion wire, b a mirror connected with the pendant, c the carrier of the cross-beam. d designates the beam of the balance, at the ends of which are secured the heavy bodies 1 e, e. f is the casing surrounding the space of 10 oscillation g, h is a tube fitting into the casing.
Owing to the reduction of the error of adjustment according to the present invention it is also possible to shorten the time of calming down by diminishing the moment'of inertia and in creasing the coeflicient of torsion. In this case the sensibility of 1.10 dyn per 0.01- cm. of defiection may beretained whilst considerably reducing the time of 'calming down.
For making the casing, preferably a metal of good heat conductivity is chosen, as, for instanme, copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum or silver. 'Aluminum is particularly adapted for the purpose of the invention because when using it the weight of the torsion balance is not considerably increased as compared with the weight of the usual torsion balances.
'The specific heat of the metal employed likewise influences the balances made in accordance with the invention inasmuch as by absorbing or withdrawing a certain quantity of heat the temperature is only moderately aflected in case the specific heat of the material of the casing is In this respect again aluminum is very wellu 5 qualified owing to its high specific heat.
I claim:
A torsion balance comprising a pendant in cluding a cross beam and a supporting filament therefor, a homogeneous casing of high heat conductivity enveloping said balance, the thickness of said casing at least approximating the diameter of the space provided therein for oscillation ERICHREEH.
US104869A 1935-08-13 1936-10-09 Torsion balance Expired - Lifetime US2114769A (en)

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