US2114653A - Divisor - Google Patents

Description

P P. F. DANEL. 2,114,653

DIVISOR Filed Sept. 29, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet l lllllllllillllllllllll f7 {menfiw a PIERRE F. DANEL.

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April 19 P. F. DANEL DIVISOR Filed Sept. 29, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 19, 938. P, F, DANEL 2,114,653

DIVISOR Filed Sept. 29, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 PIERRE F DANEL Patented Apr. 19, 1938' PATENT OFFIE DIVISOR Pierre Francois Danel, Grenoble, France, assignor to Ateliers Neyret-lfieylier & Piccard-Picket, a

corporation of France Application September 29, 1934, Serial No. 746,174 In France September 30, 1933 12 Claims.

The present invention concerns a divisor sluice the purpose of which is to distribute the water flowing in an upstream open channel or fiume to two or several downstream open channels, the

volume of water being distributed in a given, but adjustable, ratio. This ratio is independent of upstream and downstream levels in the working range of the device. The total loss of head created by the device may be kept within a very small figure in ordinary sizes only a few inches.

The controlling fiume which connects the up stream and downstream channels is so designed and so shaped that the flow is first accelerated and then proceeds in a stream-line flow that is to say without sharp curvature of the liquid filaments. In this section of the fiume the critical velocity is reached, which velocity is that of surface wave propagation, with the result that downstream influences are checked, the action being here similar to what happens in a Venturi fiume or standing wave fiume known to the art.

With very low downstream level the flow further accelerates itself after the critical velocity has been reached, while with high downstream water level, the flow velocity is rapidly reduced and a hydraulic jump is formed. In both cases the downstream level has no influence on the discharge in the fiume and the water level in the different downstream channels need not be the same. With downstream water level higher than permissible working range, conditions will no longer be independent of downstream levels as the water jump drowns the fiume.

It has been long known to the art how to design a fiume to form a hydraulic jump of standing wave formation that renders the discharge independent of the downstream level. The present invention embodies this feature, known for a simple fiume, in a divisor sluice that is a fiume with one or several partitions to divide the fiow between several downstream channels.

The velocity distribution in the controlling section of the fiume must be uniform so that the flow division can be eifected in a given ratio in 45 setting the partition or partitions with the same opening ratio or ratios.

In order to illustrate the present invention, I have shown in the accompanying drawings diagrammatic arrangements of apparatus constructed in accordance therewith.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal vertical sectional view of a device according to the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the device of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 illustrating a modification,

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the de- 5 vice of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is another view corresponding to Fig. 1 illustrating a further modification,

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic plan view of the device of Fig. 5,

Fig. '7 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating a further modification,

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 of a still further modification,

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of another modification of the invention, and

Fig. 10 is a plan View of the device of Fig. 9.

I shall now describe how the hydraulic jump forming the controlling fiume must be designed to be used in a divisor according to the invention.

The adjustable partitions being vertical planes movable either about a vertical axis located downstream of the control section of the fiume, or parallel to the fiume center line, it is clear that the water filaments in the control section must fiow towards the pivot in the first case, and parallel to the fiume sides in the second, in order to obtain a division of fiow proportional to the movement of the partition or partitions. This feature which is of no importance in the known standing wave fiume measuring devices becomes an essential feature in a divisor according to the present invention.

The acceleration of flow in the controlling 35 fiume up to the critical velocity may be obtained either by having the control fiume narrower than the upstream channel or by raising the fiume bottom in a sill operating as a broad crested weir. In most cases both ways are used at the same time the proper dimensions being figured out from the useful range of upstream levels and water total discharge. In the controlling fiume proper, that is, that portion of the fiume where gradually varied flow prevails, the fiume bottom may be horizontal or sloped gently one way or the other. The fiume side walls in the controlling section proper should be vertical planes either parallel or converging downstream.

The connection between upstream channel and control fiume should be so devised that practically the same fiow conditions will prevail in vertical planes parallel to the side walls or converging with them, according to the type desired.

Either guide stay vanes, stilling rakes orhoneycombs may be used to smooth out the flow and insure a uniform velocity distribution so that the flow distribution will be independent of upstream conditions. In most cases however these refinements are not necessary and should be used only when disturbed upstream conditions prevail owing to bends etc.

Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate a device according to the invention, in which the reduction in: fiume section is obtained by having converging sides and by raising the bottom of fiume to form a sill or broad crested weir D. The distributing partition V is rotatably mounted on an axis a. It can be adjusted and set by an appropriate device, for instance an arm M which slides over a graduated horizontal girder N.

The converging side walls I) and c of the controlling section proper are vertical planes whose prolongation would pass through the axis a. The bottom of the weir section is a surface of revolution about the axis a in order to enable the vane V to be turned about said axis. The ratio of the discharges in each branch is that of the angle Mab to the angle Mac.

The same device could be made without having the bottom in the weir controlling section sloping downstream, this could be either horizontal or sloping gently upwards.

Alternatively the axis a could be made perpendicular to the sloping bottom instead as being vertical as it ought to be theoretically. In this case the weir section of the bottom may be plane. The approximation is fairly good with this slight modification of the device of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a device according to the invention wherein the reduction in section to increase velocity is obtained by raising the fiume bottom between the parallel walls I) and c. The distributing partition is made of two adjustable parts V1 and V2. The part V1 rotates around a fixed axis a and V2 is rotatably mounted on V1 around axis as and is kept parallel to sides b c by an articulated parallelogram linkage P, or an equivalent device. The movement of the partition is under the control of an oscillating screw M or any equivalent device.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a modification of the device according to Figs. 3 and 4, wherein a single partition V3 isv moved parallel to the side walls of the fiume under the action of two screws A and B and gears, and where a downstream sealing block C is used instead of the articulated partition of Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. '7 shows a divisor according to the invention wherein the partition V4 is fixed and one side wall In is made adjustable.

Fig. 8 represents a divisor according tothe invention wherein the partition V4 is fixed and both side walls I) and c are made adjustable. In divisors like those of Figs. 7 and 8, the restricted section of the. fiume is adjustable so that their range of application is widened.

Figs. 9 and 10 diagrammatically illustrate a divisor according to the invention wherein the sill or bottom D of the fiume and the adjustable partition V5 can be raised or lowered, in order to widen the possible range of application when the flow condition varies through an unusually broad range. For this purpose, threaded rods R, attached to the bottom D, extend upwardly through members carried by the side walls and hand wheels H are threadedly mounted on the rods to raise the same. This raising mechanism is: somewhat simi lar to that shown in my Patent No. 2,073,610.

I claim:--

1. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the cross-section of said control fiume being sufficiently less than that of the main channel to produce a fiow through the control fiume substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump in said fiume, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in. said. control fiume positioned in the direction of flow, and screw-threaded means on said partition and a side wall for adjusting its position relative to the side walls to proportion the flow from the main channel into the branch channels.

2. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the side walls of said fiume converging downstream to reduce the cross-section of the fiume sufiiciently to produce a flow therethrough substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in the portion of said fiume of reduced crosssection and extending in the direction of flow, and means for mounting said partition for lateral adjustment to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels.

3. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, a submerged sill extending across the bottom of said fiume between the side walls thereof to restrict the cross-section of the fiume sufiiciently to create a flow therethrough substantially equal to critical velocity and to produce a hydraulic jump, and a laterally adjustable vertical partition in the portion of said fiume of restricted cross-section and extending in the direction of flow, and means for mounting said partition for lateral adjustment to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels.

4. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, a submerged sill extending across the bottom of said fiume between the side walls thereof, the side walls of said fiume converging downstream toward said sill and cooperating with said sill to restrict the cross-section of the fiume sufficiently to create a flow therethr'ough substantially equal to critical velocity and to produce a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in the portion of said fiume of restricted cross-section and extending in the direction of how, and means for mounting said partition for lateral adjustment to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels.

5. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the cross-section of said control fiume being sufiiciently less than that of the main channel to produce a flow through the control fiume substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump in said fiume, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in said control fiume and positioned in the direction of flow, and means on said partition for adjusting its position relative to the side walls to proportion the flow from the main channel into the branch channels, the upstream edge of said partition being further upstream than the furthest upstream location at which the hydraulic jump can exist.

6. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, a submerged sill provided with an inclined downstream floor extending across the bottom of said flume between the side walls thereof to restrict the cross-section of the fiume suffieiently to create a flow therethrough substan tially equal to critical velocity and to produce a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition positioned in said flume over the floor of said sill and extending in the direction of flow, and means for mounting said partition for lateral adjustment to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels.

7. An open control flume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the cross-section of said control fiume being sufiiciently less than that of the main channel to produce a flow through the control fiume substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump in said flume, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in said control fiume positioned in the direction of flow, means on said partition for adjusting its lateral position relative to the side walls to proportion the flow from the main channel into the branch channels, and means for mounting said partition for pivotal movement about a vertical axis positioned downstream of the junction of said main and branch channels.

8. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the side walls of said fiume converging downstream to reduce the cross-section of the flume sufficiently to produce a flow therethrough substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in the portion of said flume of reduced cross-section and extending in the direction of flow, and means for mounting said partition for pivotal movement about a vertical axis positioned substantially at the point of intersection of planes in which the converging side walls lie to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels.

9. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the cross-section of said control fliune being sufiiciently less than that of the main channel to produce a flow through the control flume substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump in said flume, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in said control fiume positioned in the direction of flow, means on said partition for adjusting its lateral position relative to the side walls to proportion the flow from the main channel into the branch channels, and means connecting said partition and walls of the fiuine for maintaining said partition parallel to one of said side walls in all positions of adjustment.

10. An open control flume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, the cross-section of said control fiume being sumciently less than that or" the main channel to produce a fiow through the control fluine substantially equal to critical velocity and a hydraulic jump in said flume, a fixed vertical partition positioned in said flume in the direction of flow to divide the flow of water from the main channel into the branch channels, and means for moving one of the side walls of said flume toward and away from said partition to vary the relative flow into said branch channels.

11. An open control flume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, a submerged sill'extending across the bottom of said flume between the side walls thereof to restrict the cross-section of the flume sufficiently to create a flow therethrough substantially equal to critical velocity and to produce a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition mounted on said sill and extending in the direction of flow and adjustable to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels, and means carried by the fiurne walls and connected to said sill for raising and lowering the sill.

12. An open control fiume for connecting a main upstream channel with a plurality of branch downstream channels, comprising side and bottom walls, a submerged sill extending across the bottom of said flume between the side walls thereof to restrict the cross-section of the flume sufficiently to create a flow therethrough substantially equal to critical velocity and to produce a hydraulic jump, a laterally adjustable vertical partition in the portion of said fiume of restricted cross-section and extending in the direction of flow to proportionally divide the flow of water between the branch channels, means for mounting said partition for pivotal movement about a substantially vertical axis mounted on said sill, and means carried by the flume walls and connected to said sill for raising and lowering the sill.

PIERRE FRANCOIS DANEL.

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