US2114614A - Circuit with gas-filled grid controlled glow discharge tubes - Google Patents

Circuit with gas-filled grid controlled glow discharge tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2114614A
US2114614A US77418A US7741836A US2114614A US 2114614 A US2114614 A US 2114614A US 77418 A US77418 A US 77418A US 7741836 A US7741836 A US 7741836A US 2114614 A US2114614 A US 2114614A
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Prior art keywords
grid
circuit
quenching
tube
cathode
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US77418A
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English (en)
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Schlesinger Kurt
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/50—Thermionic-cathode tubes
    • H01J17/52—Thermionic-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode
    • H01J17/54—Thermionic-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode having one or more control electrodes
    • H01J17/56—Thermionic-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode having one or more control electrodes for preventing and then permitting ignition, but thereafter having no control

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 shows a connection used for investigation
  • Fig. 2 shows a relaxation circuit comprising means for avoiding the after-effect
  • Fig. 3 shows a tube of the prior art
  • Figs. 4a and 41 show two views of a tube modified in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 1 The applicant has examined the conditions of the after eifect by means of a circuit according to Fig. 1.
  • the thermionic tube l is connected by way of an incandescent lamp 2 having a maximum current capacity of approximately 100 milliamperes with a battery 3.
  • the grid is connected through the medium of a series resistance 4 with a potentiometer 5, at which there may be adjusted the bias from the battery 6.
  • the anode circuit is interrupted by means of a switch I, the bias again made somewhat more negative, the. switch again closed, and
  • the new ignition potential measured at the voltmeter 8.
  • a grid-bias of -8 volts for the first ignition whilst there resulted values of 10, -12 and 13 volts for the later ignitions. It was found that this aftereifect depends to a very great degree on the size of the series resistance 4. If the resistance 4 is made smaller and smaller, and finally is wholly short-circuited, it may be accomplished even in the case of operations extending over a desired period that the after effect disappears and that the ignition potential becomes quite definite.
  • the anode After the quenching the anode is effective as intercepting electrode in respect of the (negative) electrons, and it conveys these very rapidly out of the discharge space, as the inner resistance of the anode circuit is sufficiently small.
  • the (positive) ions require to be removed from the space between grid and anode primarily by way of the grid, as usually they do not reach the cathode sufliciently quickly or are prevented fromreaching the cathode space by the positive space charge enveloping the cathode and the grid during the burning.
  • the discharge by way of the grid-resistance 4 takes place, however, too slowly, because this resistance, by several reasons, cannot be reduced below a certain value. It is accordingly necessary to adopt measures by which a very rapid removal of the positive space charge after the quenching may be effected without to lead the current through the control grid.
  • quenching grid l4 Another eiIective means to counteract the aftereffect has been found, according tothe. invention, in the form of a quenching grid l4.
  • This quenching grid is located in the space between grid and anode. It is connected with the cathode. It has the efiect of intercepting positive ions which remain after the quenching and of deionizing the discharge space.
  • the quenching grid is provided in the immediate vicinity of the control grid so that it is located at the point of the positive space charge cloud and is able to properly intercept the ions. It has also been found to be favourable to fill the tube with a gas having a low atomic number, as such gases have the greatest ability of the ions. Helium and hydrogen are Well suitable.
  • a short-circuiting condenser l3 may be dispensed with.
  • the latter may also be of the order of approximately 0.00005 to 0.0001 mi., 1. e. 10% of the value stated above.
  • FIG. 2 A particularly effective circuit employing the quenching grid is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • a relaxation circuit which is employed in practice in the television art, whereby the tube I is intended to discharge a storage condenser l which has been charged by a positive potential 3 through the medium of a charging resistance IS. The discharge takes place when a positive synchronizing impulse is imparted to the grid via the terminal III.
  • a coil 9 coupled to an oscillatory circuit l1 arranged in the lead connecting the quenching grid H to the cathode.
  • That particular pole of this circuit which is negatively charged against earth upon the discharge is applied to the quenching grid I4. It is thus accomplished that shortly after the quenching not only the potential of the cathode but even a stronger negative potential is applied to the quenching grid I, so that the suctional effect of the latter on the residual positive ions is considerably increased. This negative potential endures a certain time corresponding to about a quarter of the period of the circuit l1.
  • a fluctuation in the mains potential then merely takes effect in the form of an equal fluctuation in the size of the image, whilst the frequency, and accordingly the synchronization, are unaffected.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown a normal triode, such as employed in the radio art.
  • 23 is the cathode sleeve, which is heated indirectly
  • 24 are the ends of the filament
  • 25 is the control grid which surrounds the cathode in cylindrical fashion
  • 26 is a likewise cylindrical anode.
  • This construction has not been found to be satisfactory for the purpose of the invention.
  • the principal interferences resulted from parasitic discharges. These were usually caused outside of the grid space, for example at the point 29, owing to the fact that a trace of oxide reached the ends of the cathode sleeve outside the grid space and, avoiding the grid, then produced a continuous discharge in the direction of 30 between cathode and anode.
  • Figs. 4a and 4b show a tube according to the invention in about double full size.
  • the anode 26 is situated completely outside of the inner system encased by the quenching grid H.
  • the quenching grid H has a coarse pitch of approximately 1 mm. and is produced from wire of such thickness that it is capable of intercepting the powerful discharge currents continuously.
  • the ends of the screening grid are provided with metallic caps 35, 36, so that the inner parts are perfectly screened off.
  • the control grid 25 In the interior of the quenching grid, very close to it, there is located the control grid 25.
  • the cathode 23 is coated with oxide over a shorter length than is represented by the height of the anode.
  • control grid 25 By-passing is voided by the fact that the control grid at the upper and lower portions is' furnished with a closed metal cylinder or has closely disposed turns. These parts of the control grid 25 are designated 25a and 25b.
  • the wires 32 leading from the anode to the base of the tube also require to be screened off against the discharge space, so that cold ignition is avoided.
  • glass tubes 33 are sufficient.
  • each mesh removed represents an increase of approximately 5 volts in the grid ignition potential with an anode potential of approximately 100 volts, and vice versa approximately 20 volts anode ignition potential with fixed grid bias.
  • a gas filled thermionic discharge tube having cathode, control grid and anode, said control grid and said cathode being encased by means of a special screening grid system having set-on cover plates, said grid systems closely and homogeneously wound in itself being tuned to the desired electrical ignition values by cutting out a certain number of meshes from the middle.
  • a gas filled thermionic discharge tube having cathode, control grid and anode, said control grid and said cathode being encased by means of a special screening grid system having set-on cover plates, a certain free length amounting to a multiple of the pitch of said control grid being out out from said outer grid system, whilst windings are cut out from said control grid only for fine tuning of the ignition values.
  • a circuit comprising a gas filled thermionic discharge tube havingcathode, control grid, and anode, means for effecting the discharge of said tube, means for quenching said tube and a condenser for removing the ions present after the tions comprising a storage condenser, means for charging said condenser and a gas iilled thermionic tube having cathode, grid and anode shunting said condenser, means for applying a synchronizing potential to the grid of said tube and a condenser connected between said cathode and said grid, said condenser having a capacity sufficient to remove the ionization in said tube but so small as not to constitute a short-circuit for said synchronizing potential.
  • a circuit comprising a gas filled thermionic discharge tube having cathode, control grid, anode and a quenching grid, means for eflecting the discharge of said tube, means for quenching said tube, said quenching grid being situated in the vicinity of. said control grid and an oscillatory circuit, said oscillatory circuit being connected between said quenching grid and said cathode, and having such a natural oscillation as to give said quenching grid during the quenching operation a negative potential with respect to said cathode.
  • a device for producing relaxation oscillations comprising a gas-filled, thermionic discharge tube having cathode, control grid, quenching grid and anode, a discharge circuit connecting cathode and anode of said tube and an oscillatory circuit connecting the quenching grid to the cathode of said tube, said discharge circuit consisting of a storage condenser in series to the primary of a high-frequency transformer and said oscillatory circuit consisting of a condenser shunted by the secondary of said transformer, the connection being made so as to give the quenching grid during the quenching period a negative potential towards said cathode.

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US77418A 1935-05-03 1936-05-01 Circuit with gas-filled grid controlled glow discharge tubes Expired - Lifetime US2114614A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2114614X 1935-05-03

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US2114614A true US2114614A (en) 1938-04-19

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US77418A Expired - Lifetime US2114614A (en) 1935-05-03 1936-05-01 Circuit with gas-filled grid controlled glow discharge tubes

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US (1) US2114614A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR806068A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL51635C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2446533A (en) * 1946-04-04 1948-08-10 Raytheon Mfg Co Control circuit for gas discharge tubes
US2519562A (en) * 1944-02-12 1950-08-22 Askania Regulator Co Electrical control circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2519562A (en) * 1944-02-12 1950-08-22 Askania Regulator Co Electrical control circuit
US2446533A (en) * 1946-04-04 1948-08-10 Raytheon Mfg Co Control circuit for gas discharge tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR806068A (fr) 1936-12-07
NL51635C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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