US2114270A - Typewriter - Google Patents

Description

April 12, 1938. D'WREAD- I v TYPEWRI'IAER-Z 14 Shets-Sheet 1 Original Filed April 27, 192 6 0 m4 MW AVID )2 Blame April 12, 1938. D. Y. READ 2,114,270

' TYPEWRITER Original Filed April 27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVEN TOR.

April 12,1938; 1 7 READ TYPEWRITER dri inal Filed April 27. 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

DAV/p F540 ATTORNEY 2 kw. w a w April 1938- D. Y. READ 2,114,270

TYPEWRITER Original Filed April 2'7, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 Mi Y //4 //0 &

April 12, 1938. I J D. YJREADQ 2,114,270

TYPE-WRITER IIEFIIIK April 12, 1938. I D. Y. READ 2,114,270

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' TYPEWRITER Original Filed April 27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 April 12, 1938. D. Y READ 2,114,270

TYPEWRITER Original Filed April 27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 awn/wan D. Y. READ TYPEWRITER April 12, 1938.

Original Filed April 27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 10 DAV/0 F540 mw @WW D; Y. READ TYPEWRITER April 12, 1938.

Original Filed April '27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 12 q .k xmu 8% gm 5 W v Q w m x .R m QQW |m R g 8% 5, g, o L mmfi v I: N 1i, lam. 7 A 4 Q Q% Q gwumvto b DA V/D X F540 QM w RN" v i v April 12, 1938. D. Y. READ 2,114,270

TYPEWR'ITER Original Filed vApril 27, 1926 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 Patented Apr. 12, 1938 mnwmrnn David Y. Read, New York, N. "Y., assignor of onefourth to Jessie P. Grandy and one-fourth to Henry H. Snelling, both of Washington, D. (3.

Original application April 2'], 1926, Serial No.

104,968. Divided and this application Novemher 7, 1932, Serial No. 641,630

32 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting and calculating machines and has for its principal ob ject the provision of a visible-writing and printing typewriter.

A further object of the present-invention is to provide a'machine of the character described in which the paper to be written upon lies flat and the Writing whether by the typewriter mechanism or by the automatic printing mechanism is visible immediately after the impression is made.

A further and very important feature of the present invention is the provision of collating mechanism whereby forms of different sizes may be inserted in the paper holding mechanism with ease and dispatch which renders it very convenient for example, to write on one continuous sheet for a copy for one purpose and to insert a great number of other sheets at intervals for a dif- 20 ierent purpose. This feature is secured in the present invention by means which permit the release of the papers so that the operator may shift one form with respect to another and then by a simple movement lock his collated forms for writing, all the time maintaining each and all the forms in a fiat condition and having the writing instantly visible in the fashion now common with up-to-date typewriting machines without computing mechanism.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of means rendering the computing machine far more versatile so that the operator may readily and conveniently convert the machine from a bookkeeping machine to a manifoldlng type of billing machine and in such billing machine to receive selectively a-number of manifolding members and also to receive selectively a number of tabulating members.

A still further object of the present invention 40 is the provision of a typewriter structure or a combined typewriter and calculating structure in which the supporting housing, casing, or frame is in two separate parts which are readily detachable and all the various mechanism is so posi- 45 tioned on either the cover or the base frameas to permit the direct vertical lifting of the cover from the frame, thus securing mechanical ac-= cessibility not possible in any other machine. The combined typewriter and calculating machine to structure is claimed in my copending case Serial Number 1%,968, filed April 2'7, H26 patented November 15, 1932, Patent No. 1,882,14

Other objects of the present invention relate to particular details and these objects as ticularly set forth in the claims,

are par-f In the drawings:

Figure l is a top plan view of the entire device.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the forward part of the machine with the removable cover or hood lifted oif.

Figure 3 is a vertical elevation taken approximately centrally thru the machine so as to show the platen bracket and'ribbon housing in side elevation. Figure 4 is a side elevation of the mechanism for operating the printing hammers and for shiftter line of the carriage.

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on line 8-9 of Figure 6.

Figure 10 is a front elevation of the carriage post or handle. I

Figure 11 is a vertical section thru the center of the post.

Figure 12 is a plan view of the variable spec-- ing slide of the carriage mechanism.

Figure 13 is a vertical cross section on line I3--|3 of Figure 12 but with the capping plates attached.

Figure M is a front elevation of the bar at the back of the carriage that serves to line space when used with the motor return and also as an escapement dog releasing mechanism.

Figure 15 is a perspective of the selective line spacing mechanism.

Figure 16 is a perspective of the bell crank lever of the line spacing mechanism.

Figure l? is a perspective of the overthrow check dog.

Figures l8, l9, and 20 show the various positions of the overthrow dog in connection with the pin on the dcwnturned end of the bell crank lever shown in Figure 16.

Figure 21 is a top plan view of the dog in Figure 17.

Figures 22 and 23 are top plan view and side shown elevation respectively of the main shaft of the escapement unit. Figure 24: is a vertical section thru the driving pinion and rack, looking toward the operator.

Figure 25 is a view on a much smaller scale showing the general relation between the spac ing bar of the typewriting machine and the escapement mechanism.

Figure 26 is a vertical section thru the escapement ratchet wheel looking toward the operator.

Figures 27 and 28 are fragmentary views of the mechanism shown in Figure 26 and showing the escapement wheel dog in different positions.

Figure 29 is a side elevation of the levers of the tabulator mechanisms.

Figure 30 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 31 is a perspective view of the tabulator rack assembly.

Figure 32 is a perspective of one of the tabulator stops.

Figure 33 is a perspective looking toward the bottom of the tabulator rack and showing the method of moving the individual bars to permit removal and insertion of stop members.

Figure 34 is an elevation of an ordinary tabulator bar.

Figure 35 is an elevation of the master tabulator bar which is preferably located in the middle of the tabulator rack assembly.

Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the location of the return slide with respect to the tabulator rack.

Figure 37 is a persective view of the return slide.

Figure 38 is a vertical section thru the center of the return slide.

Figure 39 is a section taken on line 39--39 of Figure 38..

Figure 40 is an elevation of the tabulator rack and its guide so as to show the relation between this rack, the parts being shown in the position it would have taken when the tabulator rack is elevated and the retaining spring of the lever has caught beneath the rack to hold it in such elevated position.

Figure 41 is a horizontal section taken on line 4l4l of Figure 40.

Figure 42 (Sheet 7) is a detail of Figure 2 which is a plan of the base frame of the machine with the top removed showing primarily the tabulator mechanism. In this detail the tabulator rack which is actually above is indicated in position by dot and dash lines and the main tabulator cross shaft is broken away to show more clearly the relation between the tabulator mechanism and the result keys of the calculating mechanism.

Figure 43 is a vertical section thru the motor return shaft and showing the tabulator rack in front elevation.

Figure 44 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Figure 43, this elevation being taken at an angle of 90 to Figure 43.

Figure 45 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Figures 43 and 44.

Figure 46 is a plan view in an inclined plane of the snap spring for holding the motor shaft sleeve in elevated position.

Figure 47 is a top plan view of the manifolding frame.

Figure 48 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 49 is a central section.

Figure 50 is a rear elevation.

Figure .51 is a side elevation.

Figures 52 and 53 are perspective views of details of the mechanism.

Figure 54 is a perspective view of the manifolding frame showing the sheets of a billing form in place.

Figure 55 (Sheet 6) is a perspective view of one of the bracket pins for holding the blade to the rail.

commercial use and with which I am familiar the actual type characters are negative and the type characters strike the ribbon or the back of the carbon paper while in this machine the type characters strike against the typewriting paper or forms in the direction of the face of the carbon sheets and the faces of the type characters must therefore be positive. The carriage mechanism travels across a table and is of entirely new character which has necessitated the provision of a new and novel escapement mechanism. A particularly advantageous feature of the present machine is the provision of a hood 3 which may be lifted vertically off the combined typewriting and adding machine mechanism, this hood carrying virtually all of the novel details of the present invention save for the hammer operating mechanism shown in Figures 4 and 5 and the tabulating mechanism shown in Figures 38 to 42. The base frame it of the machine is of standard form being merely a combination of the bed or frame of an ordinary blind" typewriter for the front and the frame of an ordinary printing computing machine here illustrated as a Hopkins calculating machine, the details of which are shown in Patent #1,336,904, April 13, 1920 to which further reference will hereafter be made. Except for the details shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, no claim is made to the calculating machine mechanism per se, as it is intended to add the details of the present invention tov the different commercial types of calculating machines with as few changes in the calculating machine as possible. While the combined machine is illustrated in the various figures as a combination of upstroke typewriter with Hopkins calculating machine it will be thoroughly understood the drawings are illustrative only and it is intended to combine any upstroke typewriter with any modern calculating machine of the general type called for.

The, base frame ill of the machine supports the entire type basket II which it will be noted is merely a half circle and is so positioned that its center is slightly offset with respect to the operator, that is the right hand edge I! of the basket is further from the operator than the left hand edge l3, the latter preferably ending somewhat short of a transverse line thru the writing point so that the type bars to the left will not approach too closely the plane of the forward end of the adding and calculating machine rack bars l5. As the typewriter mechanism is illustrated no provision is made for shifting for capitals and/or numerals and the keyboard is therefore that of a billing typewriter or as used by telegraph companies.

The calculating machine rack bars l5 are of well known and old form at front and rear but the central point has been changed to accommodate the mechanism peculiar to the present invention and also the actual computing type characters are naturally positive instead of being negative as in all other calculating machines. The rack bars print the figures two spaces to the left of the printing point 20' for the typewriting mechanism as shown in Figure 3 and as usual in practice, so that a total may be printed and without any shifting at all the operator may typewrite any matter she desires.

Hammer mechanism-I will now considerFigures 3, 4, and 5 in order to describe such changes as have been necessary to make in the calculating machine shown in the Hopkins patent. In Figure 63 of this patent is a cam 82 which is shown in Figure 3 of the present application as cam 2!, being identical with the-Hopkins cam 82 save for a slight shifting in the slot 22 which receives the pin 23 on the bell crank levers 24 and 25 pivoted to the rock shaft 2b. In the present instance I have combined the Hopkins link I55 and Hopkins rock arm it? into a single piece which is the long arm 25 of the bell crank lever and which is bent to clear the transverse brace 28. The parts which drive the cam2i and also the rock shafts 2t and 29 are exactly as shown in the Hopkins patent.

The transverse brace 3d is a standard member of the calculating machine and I have secured to this brace a pair of side plates 3| projecting forwardly from the horizontal brace 30 and serving as supports for the pins 32 which rivet the two plates together and serve to guide the arcuate hammers 33 which strike the rack bar carried printing types 3'77 which are numbered from zero to nine in the usual fashion.

The two side plates also journal a pivoting pin 40 for the restraining pawls M which are operated by the camming surface 62. of the rack bars it. Each of these pawls has two rearwardly extending arms, one 44 projecting in the path of the head 45 of the hammer 33 directly beneath it and the other a shorter angular arm 06 bent laterally to engage beneath the adjacent restraining pawl so as to raise it to permit a zero to be struck, this in accordance with usual practice. Each one of the hammers 33 has a lug 49 which may be caught by a gravity latch 50, this latch plate extending over all of the hammers and having its operating edge at the rear and substantially beneath the pivoting shaft 46 of the restraining pawls.

A frame, which I will call a sled for convenience of description, consists of two parallel flat bars 5i having cross pieces 53 and he at the front and rear respectively and having centrally a transverse bar 55 which restores the hammers after eachprinting. This sled slides upon pins 51 and 58 secured to each of the plates i i and the rear pin 58 serves a dual function, i. e., to guide the sled and also to guide the hammers 33. The bars iii of the sled are each slotted to receive the transverse pins 51 and 58. A platen housing pivoting bar Eli, supported and guided by the type bar cushion supporting ring ti is secured to the sled in any desired manner as by the screw 62. The operation of this bar will be described in detail further along in the specification.

, Hammer pemtz'on.The operation of the mechanism described in Figures 4 and is as follows: The operator strikes one of the ten keys of Group A which causesf'the lever as to move about its pivot E i. As shown in Figure 3 each of these levers 63 is bent laterally at-its end. We will assume that the character 4" has been struck. The fifth bar from the right, i. e.,-t5 will be raised and this will cause a pin (not shown) to rise and cooperate with the setting up devices in the indexing carriage diagrammatically illustrated at 66. This carriage in turn raises one of the stop pins in the stop pin box 61, such stop pin projecting in the path of the downturned lug 68 on the rack bar I5..

When the operator next presses the motor key 10, the rock shafts 26 and 29 are operated causing the rocking lever 12, having a slot and pin connection with the rack bars to position the rack bars as indexed. Since the rocking lever 12 is spring-pulled the rack bars will move forward until the stops 68 engage the pins in the stop pin frame 51 and this will position the printing type 37 beneath the platen in the printing line. The pressing of the motor key has also caused the rock shafts 28 and 29 to move and this will cause a forward movement of the cam 2| which is fast to the shaft 29 and by virtue of the pin and slot connection between the cam 2| and the bell crank lever 24-25 the longer arm will move forward about itsloose pivotal connection on shaft and this will move the sled in a direction toward the operator or to the left as seen in Figures 4 and 5. The forward movement of the sled will distend each of the springs 16 connecting the forward transverse bar as of the sled with the rear head of the hammers 33. The hammers however, are at this time held by gravity latch plate 50.

The forward movement of the individual rack bars i5, it will be remembered, has previously engaged the forward end of the restraining pawls 4i so that at the time the sled moves forward certain of these restraining pawlsiii have been moved entirely out of the arcuate path of the hammers. As the sled moves forward the cam surface 18 of the side plates 5| of the sled engage and raise the gravity latch plate 50 whereupon all of the hammers which are not held by the restraining pawls ll simultaneously fly under urge of their individual springs i6 and strike the respective printing types 31 which are themselves spring-pressed in the usual and well known manner.

On the return movement of the rock shaft 29 the arm 25 is moved rearwardly carrying with it the sled, the cross bar 55, which engages the lower portion of the head of each hammer which has just moved up to printing position and pulls these hammers rearwardly until the gravity latch plate 56 drops back into position just forward of the lug 49. It will be understood however, that the actual holding rearwardly of the hammers is due to the transverse bar 55, and the hammers in normal position are not in engagement witheither the gravity latch plate 58 or the restraining pawls M. During the return movement of, the sled the rack bars id have returned to rearward position thru the intermediation of the usual mechanism, and the ribbon is has advanced the customary slight amount as described in detail in my application, Serial Number 87,075, filed February 9, 1926, Patent No. 1,91%,d65, July 18, N33.

The paper advancing means as operated by the pivoted platen arm ti and the platen shifting mechanism are claimed in my copending application Serial Number 104,968, Patent No.

Leeann mentioned above, and of which this case is a division.

Paper hoZder.-The carriage consists in general of the rail frame and a paper holdermounted to have forward and backward movement with respect to one rail and to move from side to side with two other rails, the three rails being permanently connected together to form an H- shaped structure which will hereafter be called the rail frame. The hood top or table 86 is slotted to receive the two parallel grooved rails H and III which are connected together permanently by the longitudinal line space rail In which lies entirely above the table 86 and is the sole support for the paper holder denoted as a whole by the numeral I I4. The escapement rails H0 and III are preferably grooved on each side as illustrated to guide the rails in a plane with the table and to support them from the table.

Referring particularly to Figure 6 whichjshows a planjview of the paper holder and the line space rail I I2, in which it will be noted the operator is seated at the right hand side of the figure, in other words the figure is a plan looking from the side, a rock shaft III! is rotatably mounted in bearings IE9 and I on the escapement rails III and I I0 respectively. A mutilated gear I2I is fast upon the far end of the rock shaft M8 and a spring I22 is secured to the gear HI and to the bearing IIS and tends to hold the gear and rock shaft in neutral position. A handle I25 is integral with or carried by a sleeve I26 which is slidably mounted on the rock shaft I I8 but has a lug I21 loosely received in a groove I28 extending the entire length of the rock shaft IIII as shown in Figures 11 and 13.

The sleeve I26 has at its top a striking element or tooth I29 (Figure 13) adapted to engage the downtumed portion I30 of a link I3I pivoted as at I32 to the short arm I33 of a bell crank lever pivoted at I34 to a slide I35 so that the move-' ment of the handle I25 in a direction to the operators right, that is toward the post, will cause the long arm I3'I of the bell crank lever to move away from the post and idle over the teeth I40 of the central or line space rail II2. When the handle I25 is released a strong spring I4I restores the bell crank lever and the downturned end 20I will engage a tooth and move the paper holder one step away from the operator thus line spacing the paper being written upon. While the sleeve I26 is free to slide on the rock shaft I I8 it is constrained to move with the paper holder by virtue of a small retaining lug I Figure 6 fast to the paper holder and riding in a slot in the sleeve I26.

As stated the rail frame formed by the two parallel rails IIIl-III with the cross rail II2 moves as a unit with each stroke of a typewriter key by means of mechanism which will later be described. The body I of the paper holder surrounds the rail I I2 on three sides and is guided thereby. It has a paper shelf I5I extending to the right, forming the lower jaw of a clamp for holding the paper, the upper jaw I52 of which is in the form of a box which is vertically movable with respect to a pair of brackets I54 carried by the body I50. A sliding member I55 is slotted as at I56 to receive pins I5'I secured to the bracket I56 so that as the handle I60 is pressed away from the operator, i. e. to the left as seen in Figure 9, the jaw member I52 will be raised from the shelf I5I so that paper may be inserted between the two jaws.

I preferably mount a plurality of cutters I62 in the lower jaw which tightly fit bores in the member I52 and use these to hold sheets of carbon .paper. The full throw of the movable paper jaw I52 by the lever I60 brings the holes in the member I52 away from the cutters I62 but this movement is had only when it is desired to add fresh arrears sheets of carbon paper. Under other circumstances the handle I60 is moved only half way at which time the small latch I63 catches in a small notch in the upper surface of the slide I55 and holds the parts in this position while paper is inserted between the two jaws. leasing the latch or trigger I63 the spring I65 returns the slide I55 and holds the paper between the jaws. The peculiar box-like shape of the member I52 facilitates the use of the upper jaw as a holder for the circular bits of carbon paper out by the punches I62. To prevent littering by the scattering of these pieces I provide thin metal covers I68 for the member I52. In Figure 6 these three covers are omitted for the sake of clearness.

ColZating.The collation feature is of great importance as by it the operator may write with ease upon a number of forms each of different size and any one or more of which may be continuous for the run of the work. In such cases the continuous forms may be perforated by the paper holder and kept permanently in the clamp by being held on the studs I62. As a typical example we will assume the continuous form in this case is a journal sheet on which the postings are entered. Sheets from the individual ledger accounts are brought into registry after moving the handle I60 to half release position. The operator now has both hands free so that she can bring the ledger sheet into exact registry with the next line to be written on the journal sheet and it is quite immaterial how small the ledger sheet is compared to the journal sheet.

When the parts are in collated position the operator strikes the trigger I63, and makes the entry which is in general but a single line. In this connection it should be remembered that extreme quickness of feeding the sheets into the holder is possible. With other machines the papers after being assembled into registry are either rolled around the roller and under a couple of resilient paper fingers or else the heavy machine itself is lowered over the papers thus requiring a complete operation more than in the present case wherein the securing of the papers in the holder after registry is accomplished by the striking of the trigger only.

Variable Zine spacing-The slide I35 is secured to the paper holder body I50 and to the integral post I'III thereof by means of a vertical plunger I'II having a tapered lower portion I'I2 which engages a corresponding beveled surface of a slot I13 in the slide. A spring I'I5 resiliently holds the post in engagement with the slide which parts move ordinarily as a unit but by depressingthe thumb piece I16 the slide is released from the post so that by moving the post the relative positions of the paper holder and slide may be altered. The elements just described are used for what is commonly called variable line spacing as by depressing the thumb piece I16 the paper held between the jaws I5I and I52 can be moved a desired distance with respect to the rail frame without altering the engagement of the roller I80 with the teeth I40 of the longitudinal or line space rail II2.

Line spacing-The line spacing roller I80 is carried by a spring I8I secured to the slide I35 by means of fastenings fitting in the holes I32 shown in Figure 12. The roller I80 and the downturned ears I83 of the spring II are shown in this figure but the main portion of the spring I8I is not shown as it is above the plane of the figure. The roller I80'may be thrown out of By reengagement with the teeth I40 by means of a small crank I36 having an eccentric thereon to engage the lower surface of the spring IOI. When the operator draws the little handle I86 toward her the spring IBI is cammed up and held in such position allowing the paper holder to slide freely forward and backward on the longitudinal rail.

Referring particularly to Figure 15 the slide I35 has a bore I81 slidably receiving one end of a spring wire I88 having an upturned end I09 having a knob I90 secured thereto. The sprin wire I80 also has a lateral branch I9I, the end of which pockets in one or the other of two holes in the wall of the slide I35. The upturned end I89 of the wire rides in a bayonet slot, the nearest bay to the operator being the position in which the knob I30 normally seats, this givin double spacing whereas if thewire is seated in the rear bay I93 with the extension I9I in the hole I94 single spacing will be had. The fit of the long end of the wire I88 is snug and the resilience of the wire holds it in one or the other of the bays as set.

overthrow check-Referring now particularly to Figures 18, 19 and 20 the central carriage rail H2 is relatively stationary. 'When the handle B25 is released the spring I moves the slide and body away from the operator. Since the wire end I9I is relatively fixed with respect to the slide it would appear in these three figures as if it were moving to the left. An overthrow check dog 204 pivotally mounted on the wire I9I therefore moves so that its camming surface 205 strikes a pin 200 laterally projecting from the downturned vertical end 20I of the arm I31 of the bell crank lever. This throws the forward end of the dog 204 downwardly. The wire I9I meanwhile strikes the bevel edge 201 of the end 20I thereby camming the end 20I upwardly out of engagement with the teethNO of the rail H2. The parts are now in the position shown in Figure 19, the end of the overthrow check dog 234 having struck the curved surface of a tooth I40 and checked the inertia of the parts.

The spring Mi however, still continues to act and since the end 20I is now clear of the teeth the parts will come .to rest in the position shown in Figure 20 with the pin 200 in the recess M in the overthrow check dog 204 and the wire I3I in the right angular recess of the downturned end 20! of the resilient arm I31 of the bell crank lever. There is sufficient resilience in the arm M1 to cause the end 20I to rest firmly on the wire 696. In moving from the position shown in Figure 19 to the position shown in Figure 20 the bevel edge 201 strikes a pin 2i I on the dog 204 raising the far end out of engagement with the teeth I40. There is also an integral lug 2I2 on the dog 204 which rests on the top surface of the slide i35 to keep the forward end of the dog from rising higher than as shown in Figures 18 and 20 when the arm I31 is away from home position.

Escapement.-This mechanism (Figures 22 to 28) is located at the left of the typewriter as a whole, and is suspended by means of a bracket 220 which is fast to the flat top or table of the machine. Screws 229 pass thru the bracket up into the table 8% and hold the bracket in such position that a slight amount of space is left between the escapement mechanism and the left side wall of the typewriter.

The escapement consists of a main shaft 222 having at the ends thereof cog wheels 223 and 224' in mesh with the racks 225 and 226 out into the lower surface of the two side rods H0 and III of the rail frame. Just inward of the far cog wheel 2241s a ratchet wheel 230 which is held against one of the escapement dogs by means of a main spring 23I preferably encircling the shaft 222. The reason for having two of the cog wheels is to preserve alinement of the carriage and to prevent friction caused by the skewing of the carriage should there be but one driving gear.

The two dogs, namely, the stationary dog 232 and the stepping dog 233 are carried by a memher 234 which I will term the cradle, the dog 232 being an integral part of the cradle, while the stepping dog 233 is given a plurality of movements with respect to the cradle to provide for the various movements necessary in the operation of the machine.

The bracket 220 is held to the bottom side of the table by the screws HI and at its far end has a pair of forwardly extending lugs 235 and 236 affording a pivotal mounting for the trunnions 231 of the cradle, these trunnions being integral with this member. The cradle, denoted as a whole by the numeral 234, has a rectangular slot 238 extending vertically thru the member, guiding and. affording room for the stepping dog 233. The two legs 24 0 and 24I of the cradle provide means of support for the springs 242 and 243 respectively, and in addition the longer leg 240 serves as a means for rocking the cradle about its trunnions 231. The center of the spherical bearing 256 is in the axis of the trunnions 231 and also in a plane thru the axis of the main --shaft perpendicular thereto and containing the working face of the stationary dog.

The operating connections consist of a pin 245 extending at right angles to the flat portion of the longer leg 243 and engaging the forked-slot 243 of a rocking lever 241 pivoted to the side wall of the typewriter as at 240 and having a side to side extending shelf 250 which just clears each of the key arms 25I so that when a key 252 is depressed the forked end of the rocking lever 241 will move forwardly causing the top of the cradle and with it the dogs to move rearwardiy, so as to bring the permanent dog 232 into the tooth of the ratchet 230 while freeing the stepping dog so that it can move to the right under urge of the spring 242, so that when the cradle is returned to dwell position under urge of the spring 254 mounted on the cylindrical enlargement 255 of the trunnion 231 it will engage the next tooth of the ratchet 230.

The stepping dog 233 is integral with its bearing which consists of a ball 256 fitting in a socket in the split end 251 of the release rod 250 which has an integral vertical extension 259 terminating in a slightly enlarged adjustable head 260. A spring 26I keeps the member 230 which might be termed a plunger, elevated and holds the dog 233 in contact with the ratchet, but pressure upon the plunger 260 compresses the spring 26E and lowers the dog 233 out of contact with the ratchet wheel 230 allowing the carriage to move to the end of its travel, or until the plunger 280 is released.

Suitable mechanism is also provided whereby this plunger 230 is pulled down when the tabulating hey is struck. Ordinarily the plunger 2% is operated by means of the blade 262, which is controlled by the release lever 525 which operates the blade in a downward direction. In order to permit the carriage to move freely in the return direction I provide the short spring 243 secured to the shorter leg 24! of the cradle and which takes hold of the dog 233 at the end of the movement of the longer spring 242 so that as the ratchet wheel 230 is turned by the main shaft in a counter-clockwise direction, as seen in Figure 28, the dog 233 will be free to move to the right compressing the spring 243 which will restore the dog to normal position just as soon as the carriage becomes stationary.

The bracket 220 and the mechanism carried by it can all be removed from the hood as a unit. In the designing of the device care has been taken to obviate all movement of interacting parts between the movement units and the body that would prevent the lifting off of the hood of the machine. Care must be taken, however, not to depress the plunger 260 while the escapement unit is removed from the hood, as in so doing the main spring 239 would be entirely free as it is held only by the dog 233 which acts as a pawl.

Carriage releasa-Extending practically the ,entire length of the rear rail III of the carriage is the blade 262 (Figure 14) which carries a rack in two sections, one a horizontal section 268 and the other a sloping section 269 both of which mesh with the gear I2I fast on the rocking shaft II8 which may be operated by the release lever I25. The'blade 262 fits loosely in a groove in the bottom of rail III and extends the entire length thereof. The blade is held to the rail by its engagement with the groove and also by a plurality of brackets 21I fastened tothe rail III at intervals and each fitting within a slot 210 in the blade.

The blade may be depressed by hand by pushing the lever I25 away from the post which the operator can do very conveniently with the back of her hand. This back movement causes the lug I21 to engage the groove I28 in the rock shaft II8 without any lost motion and it causes the gear I2I to move counter-clockwise as seen in Figure 14, thereby lowering the blade 262 as far as the bracket pins will permit which is sufllcient to move the head 260 against its spring 26I to release entirely the stepping dog 233 from the ratchet wheel 230, so by holding the lever I25 away from the post the operator may move the carriage to any extent she wishes in the direction the carriage escapes in writing.

At the right hand end, as viewed from the operator, the blade 262 is secured by means of a flexible cord 213 to a drum 214 which will be described in full in connection with the motor carriage return.

Tabulator operating mechanism-At a point just a little back of the rear rail I II (Figure 29) I secure to the bottom frame of the typewriter a pair of uprights 215 which are secured together at their top portions by a horizontal beam 216 which serves as a support for a hanger 211 and also to form a rest for the tabulator levers 218 which are fast to the main tabulator shaft 280 journaled in the base frame of the machine. See Figure 2 for a plan view of these parts. A relatively heavy spring 28I surrounds the main shaft 280 and holds the levers 218 against the beam 216 so as to hold the tabulator key 282 in its normal elevated position.

At the left hand side of the machine the main tabulator shaft 280 carries an escapement release lever-284 which has an outwardly turned lip or flange 285 of cam shape which engages a hook 281 secured to and substantially integral with the release plunger 260. lator key 282 causes the flange 285 to engage the Depression of the tabu-,

hook 281 and pull it downward against the tension of the springs 26I and 28I and thereby to lower the stepping dog 233 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel 230 and consequently to release the carriage. The main tabulator shaft is locked in position with the key depressed by means of a resilient locking spring 288 on the central tabulator lever 218 as will later be described. f

The shaft remains thus locked until the carriage comes to rest when the shaft is automatically released. This feature is novel with the present structure as in all other typewriting and calculating machines it is essential for the operator to hold the tabulator key down until the carriage comes to rest as otherwise the release of the ordinary tabulator key would cause the carriage to come to rest at a point earlier than intended. Simultaneously with the lowering and release of the stepping dog the tabulator rack assembly shown in Figure 31 is elevated so as to cause one of the tabulator stop members 28I such as shown in Figure 32 to rise into the path of the downturned lug 290 of the rail III so that when the downturned lug 290 strikes the stop member such as 29! the carriage will be brought to rest.

Tabulator rack assembly.-Referring now particularly to Figures 31 et seq. on Sheet 11, the tabulator rack assembly consists of a case 292 having a plurality of grooves 293 each of which accommodates a rack bar pivoted to the case by a pin 294. The most important of these bars is the master bar 295 shown in Figure 35. This bar, like the others, is slotted at one end as at 296 to receive the pivot pin 294 but adjacent this slot it carries a downturned lug 300 which rides in a slot in the bottom of the case 292 so as to engage the locking spring 288 on lever 218 which holds the tabulator key depressed.

At the top of all of the rack bars are teeth conforming to the typewriting spacing, generally a tenth of an inch, and receive interlocking teeth 296 on the stops 29I which may be set on the rack bars in desired positions to stop the carriage. The case will preferably be scaled to correspond with the typewriter scale and to renderit more convenient to slip the stops in place on the various rack bars. At the right hand end, that is the end away from the pivot, each one of the rack bars has a hook 299 which is caught by the rounded edge of a return slide 30I which also serves to hold the rack bars against accldental displacement upward from the tray or case 292.

The case 292 is supported from the table 86, i. e., the top of the hood, by means of two similar downwardly extending brackets 303. The case also extends slightly beyond the right hand margin of themachine as a whole and side to side movement of the case is prevented by a plurality of integral lugs 304 on each side of the case, one of each pair engaging the outer wall of the hood while the other engages the inner wall, as best seen in Figure 45. The case 292 is therefore substantially immovable from side to side but has however, an up and down movement caused by the following mechanism.

A pair of lugs 306 and 301 each have a pair of lever engaging projections 308 and 309, the latter in each case being outwardly directed and rounded since the flanges 3I0 of the levers 218 face each other, see Figure 30. Upon depression of the tabulator key the cam flanges 3I0 at the tops of the levers 2 R engage the projections 300

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