US211190A - Improvement in steam-generators - Google Patents

Description

G. R. S'BQUERA @E J. den. DOMINGUER, SteamGenerators. v

k494.211,190. Patented 1an. 7,1s79.-

UNrrED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

GUILLERMO REINLEIN Y sEQuERA AND JosE DE cANrERAc Y DoMnvcUER,

OF MADRID, SPAIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 211,190, dated January 7, 1879 application filed July 1, 1878; patented in France, April 2, 1878. m

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GUILLERMO REIN- LEIN Y SEQUERA and Jos DE GAN'rERAo Y y DOMINGUER, of Madrid, Spain, have invented an Improved Steam-Generator, of which the following is a specification:

The object of our improved steam-generator is to effect a considerable economy in fuel, and at the same time to avoid the three chief defects common to nearly all steam-generators, viz: first, ready burning of the metal walls or sides as soon as the combustion of the furnace is at all forced; second, drawing of water with the steam which issues from the boiler; and, third, difficult removal of the sediment and in-` crustation which are produced as the water evaporates.

The invention will be readily understood by the aid of the annexed drawing, Figure 1 of which is a vertical section of our improved steam-generator, with furnace, smoke or fire tubes, air-tubes, and chimney; and Fig. 2, a horizontal section of the cone b through the line H Y.

The generator is of vertical form and cylindrical. Its lower part consists of a cone, b, of cast -iron or steel, terminated at the lower part by a iiange, to which is riveted the sheet-iron cylinder a., which forms the principal casing or body of the generator. Vertical ribs (the shape and form of which are seen in Figs. l and 2) are arranged externally on the cone b for the whole height of the same.

The upper part'of the boiler is formed of a cast-iron cover, c, riveted to the top of the sheet-iron cylinder a. In the said cover there is, in addition to a man-hole, situated in the center, a lateral tube', in which are holes for the outlet of the steam and the safety-valve.

The boiler,7 properly so called, is placed upon a furnace, which is in the form of a castiron cylinder, having six (more or less) vertical ribs, upon which the boiler rests. The interior of the said furnace is provided with firebricks, in order that all its sides or walls may be preserved from the heat of the fire-place, which occupies the center, Fig. l, and part-icularly Fig. 3, which is a horizontal section of the furnace through the line A B, clearly showing the arrangement. The fuel is supplied by the door d of the furnace, and the grate can be cleared by the small opening g, Fig. 1,` situated below the door d. rlhe ashes fall into an ash-pit completely closed, which should be constructed under the grate, and should be provided with a door, to enable the ashes and other residues to be extracted from time to time.

A cylindrical casing, l, rests upon the ribs of the furnace e, and serves as a channel for the ame and smoke. The height of this casing is that of the level of the water in the boiler. The products' of combustion are conveyed to this casin g by the passages a, formed of nre-brick, and from there to the chimney p through the cast-iron tubes m and the smokebox o.

` In order to increase the draft of the chima ney aj et of steam is discharged therein at pleasa ure by means of the cock r, and issues by the tube q. The special form of the interior of this tube is clearly seen in Fig. 5. The upper por tion is in the form of an inverted cone, s, and has the effect of giving a greater expansion to the steam before mixing with the gaseous pro duets which enter the chimney. By this means the steam attains a great speed and increase of volume, and its work is utilized to the utmost. At the same time the amount of steam used is comparatively small.

The furnace e rests upon three vertical ribs of the foundation plate lv. A cylindrical wooden casing, t, surrounds the furnace @and the smoke-channel Z. This casing extends from the foundationplate o nearly to the base of the chimney. It is between this casing and the furnace that the air entering at the top and descending in the direction of the arrows passes underneath the furnace e, and supports the combustion in the re place. As this air in its descent comes in contact with the furnace c, the castiron casing l, the tubes m, and the smoke-box o, it is considerably heated when it reaches the nre-place, and thus causes a more active combustion. The external wooden casing t is lined with a layer of felt, which insures the complete utilization of the heat.

In the interior of the boiler, above the cone b, which forms the bottom, is a pipe, a', in the form of a truncated cone, for receiving the sediments produced by the evaporation of the water, and around this central pipe, a', are arranged six pipes, b', ofthe same form, which cause acontinuous circulation of the Water in the boiler. Two advantages of great importance are thus gained-viz., the immediate separation of the steam from the metallic sides of the boiler without adhering` thereto, and the deposit of the sediments, which are the cause of incrustation in the pipe a', from which they are removed by the pipe c', leading to the outside of the boiler.

In order to assist the steam as it reaches the surface of the liquid in freeing itself fromsedimentary matters and from the water which it draws with it on account of its electric condition, we place above the pipes b a series of vertical plates, d', arranged on radial lines. On coming into contact withthese plates the steam, losing its electricity before reaching the surface of the liquid, frees itself from the sedimentary matters and water, so that the water falls to the bottom of the boiler through the pipes b and causes a continuous movement, While the sediment becomes deposited in the pipe 1i/,owing to the centrifugal force pro duced by the movement of water.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the boiler through the line G D-of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the sheet-iron cylinder a, in which is seen the position of the small plates el', pipes b, and pipes a. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of Fig. l, leaving out the boiler a, smokebox o, and chimney p.

We claim- 1. In aI steam-generator, the combination of the cone b, constructed with vertical ribs upon its outer surface, the fire-box below cone b, passages n from the re-box, leading to iiues opening into the chimney, and the outer cylindrical casing, t, open above the boiler, and leading downward below the grate, and opening thereto, for the supply of air for combustion, all substantially as described.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination of the cone b, constructed with vertical ribs upon its outer surface, the fire-box below cone b, passages u from the re-looX, leading to iiues opening into the chimney, the inverted conical pipes a', provided with a draw-o cock, and the pipes b', surrounding said pipes a', all as described.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination of r the cone b, constructed with vertical ribs upon its outer surface, the fire-box below cone b, passages a from the ire-box, leading to flues openin g into the chimney, the inverted conical i pipes a', provided with a draw-off cock, the plpes b', surrounding said pipes a', and the vertical radial plates al', above said pipes a', all sub-

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