US2111651A

US2111651A - High-frequency transmission system

Info

Publication number: US2111651A
Application number: US95824A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jesse F Wentz
Original assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Current assignee: AT&T Corp
Priority date: 1936-08-13
Filing date: 1936-08-13
Publication date: 1938-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 1955-03-22

Description

March 22, 1938. J. F. WENTZ HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Aug. 13, 1936 FIG.

Jo/der FIG. 2

n Ww -Md aw ww w IN VE N TOR J. F .WE N TZ m ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 22, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Telephone Laboratories, York, N. Y., a corpora Incorporated, New

tion oi New York Application August 13, 1936, Serial No. 95,824

Claims.

This invention relates to a high-frequency transmission system and more particularly to a means and method of excluding extraneous voltages from such a system embodying coaxial conductors.

It is an object of the invention to provide means for and a method of reducing cross-talk in a transmission system of the concentric type to increase the efiiciency thereof.

In one form of coaxial conductor to which the invention is particularly adapted, the outer conductor is built up of interengaging strips which are held in place by steel tapes wound tightly around the conductor structure. It has been found in practice that at the points of joining sections of the conductor, cross-talk currents occurred notwithstanding the fact that all known precautions were observed, in making the joint, in an effort to exclude the disturbing voltages.

It was discovered in accordance with this invention that the cross-talk could be brought within tolerable limits by making a sufllciently intimate union between the steel tape and the conductor at the junction point, as will be more fully disc; closed hereinafter.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the free ends of these steel tapes enveloping the coaxial conductor are soldered to the outer cc-nductor on which is established an equipotential 1:) condition independent of the circuit carrying the high-frequency currents. Consequently, voltages induced in the steel tapes'will be short-circuited. Thus, the efilciency of the system will be increased.

:13 The invention will be more readily understood from the following description taken together with the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention;

40 Fig. 2 shows a splice joining two sections of coaxial conductors; and

Fig. 3 is a view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 1 and 2 show high-frequency transmission systems having suitable wide-band terminating apparatus represented by a wave source III which is connected across a coaxial condiictor comprising an inner conductor II and an outer conductor I2. A. transmission system of this 50 type is disclosed and illustrated in the patent of L. Espenschied et al., No. 1,835,031 issued December 8, 1931. The outer conductor is a composite tube made up of a plurality of profiled strips l3 disposed edge to edge longitudinally so 6 that portions of each strip are in abutting and overlapping relation, as disclosed in applicant's Patent No. 2,018,477 issued August 26, 1932.

Steel tapes l4 and 15 are spirally applied to the outer conductor to render it self-supporting and further to provide additional electromagnetic 5 shielding for the coaxial conductor. The lay of the tapes may be substantially in the same direction as the lay of the profiled strips or be in a direction opposite thereto. Suitable insulating material, not shown, disposed at intervals on the 10 inner conductor spaces the inner and outer conductors in a definite relation. Further details of the structure of the coaxial conductor including the lead sheathing may be had by referring to the copending application of Claude Kreisher, Serial No. 3,102 filed January 23, 1935 which has matured to Patent No. 2,080,491 dated May 18, 1937.

In Figs. 1 and 2 is also shown an arrangement for splicing sections of coaxial conductors to pro- 2 vide a unitary transmission system of a con-. centric type disclosed in the patent of L. Espenschied et al., supra. On the end of each outer conductor is crimped a copper ring l9 to firmly hold the free ends of the steel tapes in position thereon after removing the lead sheathing.

Referring to Fig. 1 the splicing of adjoining sections A and B is accomplished by springing a split copper tube onto the adjacent ends of inner conductor II. In addition, a split copper tube 2! is secured to adjacent ends of the outer conductors II by crimped

copper rings

22, 22. A tubular insulating member 23 serves to maintain the spacing of the inner and outer conductors. Fig. 2 shows the splice in its completed form. When desired, the splice may be contained within a lead sleeve whose opposite ends are soldered to the lead sheathings of the sections that are to be joined. Further details of the splicing arrangement may be had by referring to the copending application of J. J. Harley, Serial No. 92,122, filed July 23, 1936, and as signed to applicants assignee.

In a coaxial type of transmission system it is well known that, due to the skin effect, high frequency currents flow on the inner surface of the outer conductor and the outer surface of the inner conductor. Moreover, transmission is unaffected by external interferences even though the outer conductor is grounded. In operation, therefore, it is one practice to connect the outer surface of the outer conductor to

equipotential points

24, 24 at intervals along the system. Thus, on the outer surface of the outer con- 2 e s,111,es1

ductor is established an equipotential condition. Acoaxial transmissionsystemofthiatypeis disclosed inthe patent of L. bpenschied et al.. supra.

,5 Intheoperationoithecoaxialtransmission systemofatypedlsciosedinthedrawing, troublesome levels of cross-talk have been encountered. 'Ihae were due to voltages induced in the steel tapes by reason of the longitudinal iield set upby the copper strips.

In view of the equipotential condition established on the outer conductor, it was found that cross-talk produced'as above described could be substantially reduced by soldering the free ends is of the steel tapes to the outer surface of the outer conductor. Such soldering shown at ll, 2! in Fig. 1 provides a low impedance contact between the steel tapes and the outer conductor. Consequentiy, voltages induced in the steel tapes will be dissipated in the equipotential points rs, as

hence cross talk interference will be correspondingly decreased in the system.

Itisobvious,ofcourse,thattheshort circuit established for the dissipation of the voltage in the steel tapes is electrically independent of the circuit utilised for transmission of high frequency currents.

It will be understood that the soldering of the steeltapesmaytakeplaceattheterminating endsofthecoaxialconductoraswellasittall ends adjoining splices similarly as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and further, that the conductivity of the splice may be increased by thoroughly soldering the sleeve 20 to the inner conductors and the sleeve ii to the outer conductors. This soldering is generally indicatedby the dots in figs. 1 and 2.

What is claimed is:

i. In combination in an electrical conductor structure comprising at least one section, a tubular conductor made up of copper strips disposed lengthwise of the conductor and having their edges in contact, a metallic binder strip encircling the tubular conductor and exerting pressure tending to hold the strips in contact, and means at the ends of the section of tubular conductor for increasing the conductivity comprising an autogenous union between the tubular conductor and the binder strip.

2. In combination in a coaxial conductor system for transmitting high-frequency currents, a

hollow conductor made up of a plurality of proilled copper strips arranged edge to edge longitudinally so that portions of each strip are in abutting and overlapnins relation, a central conductor coaxial with the hollow conductor. metallic shielding strips encircling the outer conductor. grounding means connected to the outer suriace g of the hollow conductor for establishing an equipotential condition thereon. and means at the opposite ends of the coaxial conductor comprisim a soldered union between the outer surface of the hollow conductor and free ends of the shieldm ing strips to establish an duipotential condition in the latter.

3. In combination in a high-frequency transmission system, a plurality of sections of coaxial conductors. each section comprising an outer 15 conductor made up of elongated profiled strips disposed longitudinally in abutting and overlapping relation to form a substantially cylindrical inner conducting surface, an inner conductor coaxial with the outer conductor. and metallic 2 shielding strips encircling the outer conductor, means for splicing adjoining ends of the sections to form a unitary coaxial conductor. grounding means connected to the outer surface of the outer conductor for establishing an equipotential con- 25 dition thereon, and means adjacent to the splicing means comprising a soldered union between the outer surface of the outer conductor and the free ends of the shielding strips for establishing an equipotential condition in each section of the latter.

4. In a high-frequency transmission system embodying a coaxial conductor comprising a hollow outer conductor, an inner conductor coaxial therewith, and metallic shielding strips encircling the outer conductor; the method of increasing the eiilciency of the system which con sists in maintaining the shielding strips and the outer conductor at substantially the same potential.

5. In a high-frequency transmission system m embodying a plurality of sections of coaxial conductors assembled in a unitary coaxial system, each section comprising a hollow outer conductor. an inner conductor coaxial therewith. and metallic shielding strips encircling each section: the method of increasing the elect of the shielding strips which consists in establishing an equinotential condition on the outer surface of each section of outer conductor, and maintaining the shielding strips of each section at the same potential as the outer conductor.

JESSE 1''. Wm.