US2110398A - Spray oil miscible sulphonated compound - Google Patents

Spray oil miscible sulphonated compound Download PDF

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US2110398A
US2110398A US715179A US71517934A US2110398A US 2110398 A US2110398 A US 2110398A US 715179 A US715179 A US 715179A US 71517934 A US71517934 A US 71517934A US 2110398 A US2110398 A US 2110398A
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oil
sulphonated
spray oil
spray
acid
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Frank F Lindstaedt
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants

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  • sulphonated oils provide an addition to the sulphonated oil, an emulsifier eifective emulsifying agent for mixing petroleum medium. distillates 'with water. Due, however, to the; Another object of the invention is to procomparative insolubility of the sulphonated oils vide a compound of the character described in in the oil phase, heretofore in.
  • the substance arranged to-be combined enough of the sulphonated oil to dissolve or mix with the sulphonated oil may be any one of a wide with the petroleum oil to provide the desired variety, is usuable in acid or ester form, is read-- emulsification between the phases, an excessive ily and easily procurable, and lends itself to ready amount of cresylic acid was combined with the compounding .with the sulphonated oil.
  • a further object of the invention is to com- 10 spray oil. Particularly was this true in the .pro blue the sulphonated oil with a substancewhich vision of so-called self-emulsifying type of spray willmake possible the production of an emulsion, oils.
  • the emulsifying agent is comquick breaking but sumciently stable to insure the bined with the petroleum oil or other internal necessary carrying of the oil phase to the plant 5 phase before the latter is mixed with the water during the spraying operation.
  • the emulsifier being The invention possesses other objects which usually dissolved, dispersed or'held in colloidal with the foregoing will be set forth in the folstate in the internal phase so that while the prodlowing description of the preferred forms of the uct may be shipped or stored practically indefiinvention. It is to be understood, however, that e nitely, it will on being merely mixed and agitated I do not limit myself to said description, as I with the water form a complete emulsion suitable may adopt variations from said forms within the for spraying. An indication of the difilculty of scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
  • I take equal parts by weight of represented as high as 20% of the self-emulsisulphonated castor oil and coconut acid oil and 'fying product.
  • the phonated oil representing but less than five per product is then allowed to settle for from six to 1 cent of said product.
  • both the sulin so faLas the amount required to be used with phonate and the unsillphonated su stance with the'bil, and which will of itself be readily soluwhich it iscombined and treated, are fatty acid ble or dispersible in the oil phase to provide, in derivatives, and as before stated, I have found 55 pound readily soluble or colloidally dispersible in the petroleum oil phase.
  • more than one kind of sulphonated acid or oil may be used with one or more kinds of fatty acids or oils, as will be clear from the following example:
  • a method of rendering miscible in a hydro carbon spray oil a sulphonated fatty acid which comprises mixing said sulphonated acid with a fatty acid, subjecting the mixture to a temperature of about 100 to 125 degrees centrigrade for about from one to four hours and keeping same agitated during such heating action.
  • a method of making an internal emulsifier for a hydrocarbon spray oil from a sulphonated fatty acid, normally substantially immiscible in the spray oil which comprises mixing an oil miscible fatty acid with said sulphonated acid, subjecting the mixture to agitation and heat of a temperature of about 100 to 125 degrees centigrade for about from one to four hours, and then separating the clear liquid from the mixture after the latter has been allowed to settle from approximately six to twenty-four hours.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a sulphonated fatty acid and a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids, and heating to a temperature suflicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with naphthenic acid, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from'the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with cocoanut oil, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which com'prisesmixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with fish oil, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray'oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated oleic acid with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids, and heating to a temperature suificient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated oleic acid with naphthenic acid, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming ahydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated castor oil with cocoanut oil, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated castor oil with fish oil, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a aiiasoe semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from*the interaction of a mixture of a substance from the group consisting of-sulphonated' fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids which have been heated to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of sulphonated oleic acid with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids, and naphthenic acids, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group, consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with naphthenic acids which have been heated to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil; and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group consisting of sulphonatedstatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with cocoanut oil, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with fish oil, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stabie emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a mixture of sulphonated castor oil with cocoanut oil which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be entirely miscible in the spray oil.
  • a self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapt-ed when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a mixture of sulphonated oleic acid with naphthenic acid FRANK F. LDIDS'I'AEDT.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Description

Patented Mar. 8, 193
UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE,
SPRAY OIL MISCIBLE SULPHONATED COMPOUND Frank F. Lindstaedt, Oakland, Calif.
No Drawing. Application March 12, 1934, Serial No. 715,179
19 Claims. (Cl. 167-28) e As is well known, sulphonated oils provide an addition to the sulphonated oil, an emulsifier eifective emulsifying agent for mixing petroleum medium. distillates 'with water. Due, however, to the; Another object of the invention is to procomparative insolubility of the sulphonated oils vide a compound of the character described in in the oil phase, heretofore in. order to cause which the substance arranged to-be combined enough of the sulphonated oil to dissolve or mix with the sulphonated oil may be any one of a wide with the petroleum oil to provide the desired variety, is usuable in acid or ester form, is read-- emulsification between the phases, an excessive ily and easily procurable, and lends itself to ready amount of cresylic acid was combined with the compounding .with the sulphonated oil. a
sulphonated oil to make the latter soluble in the A further object of the invention is to com- 10 spray oil. Particularly was this true in the .pro blue the sulphonated oil with a substancewhich vision of so-called self-emulsifying type of spray willmake possible the production of an emulsion, oils. In this form, the emulsifying agent is comquick breaking but sumciently stable to insure the bined with the petroleum oil or other internal necessary carrying of the oil phase to the plant 5 phase before the latter is mixed with the water during the spraying operation.
or other continuing phase, the emulsifier being The invention possesses other objects which usually dissolved, dispersed or'held in colloidal with the foregoing will be set forth in the folstate in the internal phase so that while the prodlowing description of the preferred forms of the uct may be shipped or stored practically indefiinvention. It is to be understood, however, that e nitely, it will on being merely mixed and agitated I do not limit myself to said description, as I with the water form a complete emulsion suitable may adopt variations from said forms within the for spraying. An indication of the difilculty of scope of the invention as set forth in the claims. rendering the sulphonated oil soluble or dispersi- Stated in a general way, I have found that by ble in the petroleum oil by previous methods may heat treating a sulphonic acid or a sulphonated be gained from the fact that the amount of oilwith an ordinary fatty acid or its ester de- 25 cresylic acid used for the purpose was from five rivatives which as is known are in contrast to to ten times the amount of sulphonated oil disthe sulphonic substances generally readily solusolved. Furthermore, owing to the presence of ble in petroleum distillates of a .wide range of so much cresylic acid in proportion to the sulfractions and viscosities. Particularly is my dis-' o phonated oil, the activity of the latter was so covery applicable for rendering soluble in the oil far curtailed that in order to provide for the lphase the sulphonates 0f the fatty spr'oper emulsion of the oil. and water phases, the The invention may be more readily underamount of the cresylic acid and sulphonated oil stood by illustration of a specific embodiment.
mixture required to be added to the oil phase For example, I take equal parts by weight of represented as high as 20% of the self-emulsisulphonated castor oil and coconut acid oil and 'fying product. In contrast with the foregoing, beat them together at a temperature of between I arrange for the thorough emulsification by the 100 to 125 degrees centigr ade for from one to incorporation in the oil phase an amount of sulfour hours and under. constant a ation." The phonated oil representing but less than five per product is then allowed to settle for from six to 1 cent of said product. Asa'matterof fact from twenty-four hours, whereupon the clear super- 40 to 1 of the sulphonated oil is sufflcient for natant liquid is de a d y be added (11- most commercial purposes. It is to be noted ect y t0 e p o u O l as an effective intherefore that not only'is the cost of the 'prodternal emulsifier. For a commercial dormant not appreciably reduced, but there will be no Sp y t e use f /2 Par s Of internal emulsifier large amounts of cresylic acid, salts, or other w Pa O 80 0 120 iscosity petroleum 45 substances in the product which may be injurious 011 Will Provide a Self-emulsifying 011 which w v f to the plants or vegetation onv which it is sprayed. mixed With the Water ,P l have neces- Q, In accordance; with the foregoing, it is an obary carrying qualities but will be c tly ject of, my invention to combine the sulphonated quick breaking to n u adherence. f the oil to 5 oii with some substance which will render same the Plane surfflcereadily soluble or dispersiblein the petroleum oil, if be n t that in the example of the which will not be injurious to the plant at leastm lsifier compound above given, both the sulin so faLas the amount required to be used with phonate and the unsillphonated su stance with the'bil, and which will of itself be readily soluwhich it iscombined and treated, are fatty acid ble or dispersible in the oil phase to provide, in derivatives, and as before stated, I have found 55 pound readily soluble or colloidally dispersible in the petroleum oil phase. While the exact reason Why the sulphonated oil is rendered so readily soluble in the oil phase, due to the treatment with the fatty acids or oils, is not understood, it is believed that due to such treatment some of the higher sulphonated groups of the sulphonated oil-that is to say the less stable sulphonated componentsare transferred to the acid oil or other oil to produce low sulphonated bodies in the added oil. The sulphonated oil originally had such a high percentage of sulphonated bodies that it was not completely oil soluble but due to the splitting off of the less firmly bound sulphonic groups and their subsequent transfer to the added oil, the product after settling or filtering becomes completely soluble in hydrocarbon, fish, or other spray oil in all proportions.
Experience has shown that the unsaturated oils and fatty acids are more effective in producing completely oil soluble emulsifiers. For instance, in the case of sulphonated castor oil and cocoanut oil I find that from four to six hours of heating at 125 degrees C. is necessary (plus settling or filtering), whereas with sulphonated castor oil and fish oil only about one half hour of heating at 125 degrees C. is necessary to produce a completely oil soluble compound. In the latter case no settling or filtering is necessary.
My tests have also disclosed that it is possible to combine for the purpose of forming the emulsifier compound, practically any sulphonated fatty acid or oil with any fatty acid or its derivatives such as usually found in animal or vegetable matter. As a matter of fact, it is practical to combine a; sulphonated oil of one fatty acid with an unsulphonated fatty acid of the same kind. However, I prefer to make combinations with different fatty acids or their derivatives, and the following are examples of some of the combinations found very effective when heated and treated as explained in connection with the first described example:
Furthermore, if desired, more than one kind of sulphonated acid or oil may be used with one or more kinds of fatty acids or oils, as will be clear from the following example:
Parts sulphonated castor oil 2 Naphthenic acid 1 Corn oil 1 It will be evident from the foregoing explanation that the acids, salts, este s and oils or other derivatives of the substances combined in the emulsifier compound, may in general be used, interchangeably as the circumstances and conditions warrant.
I claim:
1. A method of rendering miscible in a hydro carbon spray oil a sulphonated fatty acid, which comprises mixing said sulphonated acid with a fatty acid, subjecting the mixture to a temperature of about 100 to 125 degrees centrigrade for about from one to four hours and keeping same agitated during such heating action.
2. A method of making an internal emulsifier for a hydrocarbon spray oil from a sulphonated fatty acid, normally substantially immiscible in the spray oil, which comprises mixing an oil miscible fatty acid with said sulphonated acid, subjecting the mixture to agitation and heat of a temperature of about 100 to 125 degrees centigrade for about from one to four hours, and then separating the clear liquid from the mixture after the latter has been allowed to settle from approximately six to twenty-four hours.
3. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
4. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a sulphonated fatty acid and a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids, and heating to a temperature suflicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
5. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with naphthenic acid, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
6. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing a substance from'the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with cocoanut oil, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
'7. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which com'prisesmixing a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with fish oil, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray'oil.
8. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated oleic acid with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids, and heating to a temperature suificient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
9. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated oleic acid with naphthenic acid, and heating to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
10. A method of forming ahydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated castor oil with cocoanut oil, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
11. A method of forming a hydrocarbon spray oil internal emulsifier which comprises mixing sulphonated castor oil with fish oil, and heating to a temperature sufiicient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
- 12. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a aiiasoe semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from*the interaction of a mixture of a substance from the group consisting of-sulphonated' fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids and naphthenic acids which have been heated to a temperature suficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
13. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of sulphonated oleic acid with a substance from the group consisting of fatty oils, fatty acids, and naphthenic acids, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
14. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group, consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with naphthenic acids which have been heated to a temperature sufficient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
15. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil; and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group consisting of sulphonatedstatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with cocoanut oil, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
16. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a substance from the group consisting of sulphonated fatty oils and sulphonated fatty acids with fish oil, which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be substantially entirely miscible in the spray oil.
1'7. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapted when mixed with water to provide a semi-stabie emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a mixture of sulphonated castor oil with cocoanut oil which have been heated to a temperature sumcient to produce a liquid which will be entirely miscible in the spray oil.
18. A self-emulsifying horticultural spray oil adapt-ed when mixed with water to provide a semi-stable emulsion capable of quickly breaking on being sprayed, comprising a hydrocarbon spray oil, and an internal emulsifier including a product derived from the interaction of a mixture of sulphonated oleic acid with naphthenic acid FRANK F. LDIDS'I'AEDT.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050302A (en) * 1991-02-26 1991-09-24 Siecor Corporation Tool for slitting the exterior layer of cylindrical objects

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050302A (en) * 1991-02-26 1991-09-24 Siecor Corporation Tool for slitting the exterior layer of cylindrical objects

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