US2110390A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

March 8, 1938. K. H. cHARLsoN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed April 25, 1956 ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 8, 1938 UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,110,390 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Karl H. Charlson, Detroit, Mich.

Application April v23, 1936, Serial No. l75,916

5 claims. (o1. 'z2-16) My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a building construction and has for its Object the provision of a construction in buildings whereby the advantages of a steel supporting frame may be Obtained without the disadvantages thereof and whereby the advantages olf-wooden studdings may be Obtained without incurring the disadvantages thereof.

In the construction of buildings such as dwelling houses and the like where it is desired to use a steel supporting frame, it has been found that the use of a steel supporting frame rwill eliminate the disadvantages which would result were timbers to be used to" form the supporting frame. These disadvantages are principally cracking in the walls and plaster, a development of an uneveness in the floor resulting from sagging and similar imperfections which appear from time to time in the building. These disadvantages and defects generally arise because-of shrinkage or contraction of the timber due to its drying up and in some few instances also because of expansion due to undue absorption of moisture by the timbers. The wooden structure also frequently warps for the same reasons.

and disadvantages, of course, disappear because no shrinkage can occur Afrom a drying out of such steel supports, but it has been found that due to the thermal conductivity of the steel supports a sweating or condensation on the inner surfaces of the walls on buildings results, particularly at the location of the metallic members. Especially is this true at the location of the metallic members which serve as studding. With the present invention, through a combining of timbers and steel, all of the advantages of both are Obtained without any of the disadvantages of either and the present invention alTOrds a construction whereby this may be accomplished.

It is another object of the invention to provide in a construction of this class a steel sup-- porting structure cooperating with nail receiving members so that an easy and quick nailing of the desired parts to the studding Or uprights may be eieoted while at the same time such uprights which receive the nails are relieved of the strain resulting from supporting the structure.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by a reference to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification, and in which,

When the timbers l are supplanted b-y steel members these defects studding I2.

Fig. 1 is a sectional View through a building showing the invention employed with parts broken In the drawing I have illustrated a fragment of a side wall of a dwelling house which is supported by the foundation wall 9 provided with the outwardly projecting shoulder IG'for reception of the layer of masonry veneering I I. For studdings I use steel channels or pipes I2 which rest at their lower ends upon the foundation wall S and are secured thereto by suitable base plates I3. In the construction shown in Fig. l the lower floor I4 is formed of concrete and rests at its edges upon the foundation wall so that the lower ends of the studding I2 are also embedded in the concrete mass I4 which is poured upon the foundation wall. In this construction I have shown a joist I5 which serves to support the lower floor and the end I6 of which overlies the foundation wall 9 and is embedded .in thev mass of concrete Ii. The usual wooden flooring I'l is used to cover the concrete iloor I4. Lying upon the mass I4 Of concrete or upon the foundation wall 9 where the mass I4 is not used and extending between the lmetallic studding I2 is a plate i8. Resting upon this plate I 8 and secured thereto by nailing, by means of the nails I9, are uprights or studs 2li. These uprights or studs may be termed timbers and by the term timber I wish it to be understood that Iembrace wooden uprights and various types of composition which may be molded to form timbers. One characteristic necessary is that these timbers may be used for nailing purposes. These timbers are located between the metallic studding, and as shown in Fig. 2 are Ordinarily of greater width than the metallic The spacing of the timbers and the spacing of the studding I2 will, of course, be determined by the nature of the construction to be erected and the strength desired and necessary.

In the drawing I have illustrated a sheathing 2 I, such as wood Or fiber board or the like, which is secured to the outer face of the nailing timbers 2G. Positioned exterior of the layer 2l of insulating material is the layer of veneering which may be wood, stucco, brick, stone, or the like. Secured to the inner face of the timbers 22 is a layer 23 of suitable base or insulating material, or a combination of the two. This layer is generally secured to the timbers 20 by nailing. The space 24 may' be filled with insulating material, such as rock wool or the like, or it may be left empty to serve as an air space. The layer 23 is the suitable support` for the plaster 25 and it will be noted that the layer 23 is spaced from the metallic upright I2 by means of the layer 26 which is formed from insulating material, such as fiber board or the like, and which is glued or otherwise secured to the steel studs after the steel is erected by the method of securing which should be such that no metallic parts will extend from the member I2 through the member 26. Thus, there Yis no metallic member reaching from. the

layer 2| to the member 23 and, consequently, a`

sweating of the inner surface of the plaster 25y will not be effected. The presence of the timbers 22 affords the usual and desired nailing surface sov that the plaster support, such as laths and the like, may be securely attached in' position.'v

Metallic girts 28 are secured to the metallic studding I2 between the ceiling 29 and the ilooring 30 above, a suitable joist 3l being positioned in the space between these two and resting upon the girt 28. The same construction appears at each succeeding fioor and on the girt-Z I provide a nailing strip 32 which is secured to ther flange or web of the girt 28.

With a construction in this manner the rigid, immovable, non-shrinking and non-settling supporting frame is thus provided so that the disadvantages of a Wooden supporting frame are avoided. At the same time, the disadvantages of the steel construction are also avoided in that the inner faces of thev steel supporting frame parts are insulated from'the wall which is car- -ried thereby. This is' effected by the depth of the steel member I2 being less than the depth of the non-metallic vertical member 22, thus affording suitable space for stud insulation 26. 'I'he same effect may be had by proper placing of 4o.. equal sizev members.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction, Ido not wish to limit myself to the precise details of structure shown,

but desire to avail myself of such variations'and modifications as may appear within thescope 0f the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, whatIl claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

.1. In a building, a wall construction embodying a plurality of .spacedV vertically extending metallic studding for carryingthe load; a Wall facing on Vone side of said studding; vertically extending timbers positioned between said studsulating means.

,spaced relation; a plurality of non-load-bearing timber studding in spaced relation; a Wall facing secured to said timber studding and spanning said metallic studding; and heatA insulating means -positoned between said Wall facing and said metallic studding the inner face of said timber studding being positioned inwardly beyond the inner face of said metallic studding a distance equal to the thickness of said insulating means.

'3. In combination, a foundation wall; metallic studding resting upon and projecting upwardly from said Wall and affording a means for carrying the load of the'superstructureya plurality of non-.load-bearing timber studding projecting upwardly from said foundation wall; and a Wall facing secured to the inner face of said timber studding,said wall facing being in spaced relation to said metallic studding.

4. In a wall construction of the class described,

a foundation wall; a plurality of spaced metallic` studding mounted on and projecting upwardly from said wall for carrying the load of the-superstructure; a plurality of non-load-bearing timber studding projecting upwardly from said foundation wall, the inner face of said timber studding lying ina plane positioned inwardly of the plane of the inner face of said metallic studding; and a'wall facing secured to said timber studding, said wall facing being in spaced relation to said metallic studding.

5. In a wall construction of the class described, a foundation wall; a plurality of spaced metallic studding mounted on and projecting upwardly fromsaid vwall forcarrying the load of the superstructure; a plurality of non-load-bearing timber studding projecting upwardly from said foundation wall, the inner face of said timber studding lying'in a plane positioned inwardly ofthe plane of the inner face of said metallic studding; a

wall facing secured to said timber studding, said 1

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