US2109647A

US2109647A - Apparatus for coating surfaces

Info

Publication number: US2109647A
Application number: US48459A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mortimer S North
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1935-11-06
Filing date: 1935-11-06
Publication date: 1938-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 1955-03-01

Description

March 1, 1938. M NORTH 2,109,647

APPARATUS FOR COATING SURFACES Filed Nov. 6, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.)

Mortimer dJVorZh) a y a ATTORNEY.

March 1, 1938. M. 5. NORTH 2,109,647

APPARATUS FOR COATING SURFACES Fil d Nov. 6, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 1, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 17 Claims.

This invention relates to the coating of paper, or other sheet material, with paint, enamel, rubber or other viscous liquids, for various purposes.

Generally stated, the object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for the coating of paper, or other sheet material, by forcing the viscous liquid through a wire screen, or screen of any suitable material, onto the surface of the paper or other sheet material, to thereby insure a uniform thickness for the coating thus applied to the sheet material, as well as a perfectly smooth and even surface therefor, in the production of coated paper, or other sheet material.

It is also an object to provide certain details and features of construction tending to increase the general efficiency and desirability of an apparatus of this particular character.

To the foregoing and other useful ends, the invention consists in matters hereinafter set forth and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus embodying the principles of the invention, showing the same in normal condition, before the paper is inserted for treatment.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the apparatus in operation, with the paper being given the required coating.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic view showing certain details more clearly, with the elements in the same condition in which they are shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing the elements in the same condition in which they are shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail section on line 5-5 in Fig. 4 of the drawings, showing a certain size wire for the screen.

Fig. 6 is a similar view, showing a sma'ilersize wire for the screen.-

Fig. '7 is a detail sectional view, showing the thickness of coating resulting from the use of the screen shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the thickness of coating resulting from the use of the screen shown in Fig. 60f the drawings.

As thus illustrated, referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the invention comprises a relatively large main roll I, having a portion of its periphery provided with a felt cushion 2, with a clip 3 at the forward edge of said cushion to grip the sheet of paper 4, which latter is supported on the inclined table 5, as shown. The lower and smaller roll 6 is operated in any suitable or desired manner, so that both rolls rotate or travel in the direction indicated by the arrows, and the roll 6 is supported by a receptacle 1 containing the paint or enamel or rubber or other viscous material 8, to be applied to the paper or other sheet material. The receptacle 1 is moved up and down by any suitable means, such as the cam 9, so that the two rolls are relatively movable toward and away from each other, the receptacle I being pivoted at Ill for this purpose. A wire screen H is disposed between the two rolls, as shown, with its end portions wound on the rolls l2 and is, these screen rolls rotating in the direction indicated by the arrows, to feed the screen periodically between the two rolls I and 6, previously mentioned. In practice, the feeding stroke is about an inch, so that after each coating operation, a section of fresh screen is fed between the two rolls I and 6, as will hereinafter more fully appear, the screen being supported intermediately by the idler roll H, as shown. Any suitable means can be employed for intermittently rotating the rolls l2 and IS in properly timed relation to the other elements of the apparatus.

Assuming that the apparatus has been started, the rolls l and 6 are brought together, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, with the paper 4 between the felt 2 and the screen II, with enough pressure to insure the coating of the under side of the paper. The film of viscous liquid, carried upwardly by the roll 6, is pressed through the meshes of the screen against the under side of the paper, while the latter is being carried along by the rotation of the roll I, and during this time the screen II is standing still, but the roll 6 is rotating to feed the viscous liquid to the lower surface of the paper, through the meshes of the screen, as stated, and as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings. As soon as the entire surface of the paper has been coated, the roll 6 moves downwardly, as a result of the action of the cam 9, and before another sheet of paper has been brought into position to be coated, the rolls l2 and I3 are actuated to feed about an inch, more or less, of fresh screen into position for the next operation, whereby a perfectly clean and fresh section of the screen is fed into position, for each sheet of paper. The clean screen, therefore, is unwound from the roll I3, and the sticky or used portions of the screen are wound on the roll l2. After the entire length of the screen has been used, it is taken off and washed and thoroughly cleaned, before it is put back in the machine or apparatus thus provided for coating the paper.

The screen may be made of wire of different sizes, but preferably fine wire is employed, and it is found that screen of 120 mesh does satisfactory work. It is also found that the size or auge of the wire approximately determines the thickness of the coating left on the paper. In Fig. 5, the wire is of larger gauge, with the result that the coating i5 is thicker, whereas in Fig. 6 the screen is of fine gauge wire, with the result that the coating I5 is thinner. As shown in Fig. 4, the film of viscous liquid l6 travels upwardly on the surface of the roll 8, during the operation of actually coating the paper, is squeezed through the screen ll against the paper 4, and emerges above the screen as the said coating IS on the lower side of the paper. The latter can be taken out in any suitable or desired manner, as by feeding it into a belt ll, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

It is important to observe that the wire screen, or a screen made of silk or any other porous matcrial, of the proper mesh, is stationary during the time that the viscous liquid is being squeezed through it on the under side of the paper. This is highly desirable, if not absolutely necessary, for the reason that should the screen be permitted to travel in synchronism with the paper, a stenciling effect on the latter would be the result. However, by keeping the screen stationary, the minute quantities of liquid, that are forced through the screen onto the paper, are merged uniformly into a continuous coating on the under side of the paper, of uniform thickness, and the surface of the coating becomes perfectly smooth and even and free from streaks or undulations, when the coating is finally dried.

Thus, the invention provides an apparatus for applying liquids of different kinds, or substances of more or less liquidity or plasticity, to the surface of paper or other sheet material, in a more satisfactory manner than was possible with certain kinds of apparatus heretofore employed for this purpose, inasmuch as the forcing of the liquid or material through the proper screen, which is stationary during the operation, insures a more satisfactory product, with low cost of production.

It will be seen, therefore, that the invention comprises a fountain supply means, in this case in the form of a receptacle and a roller, for forcing the stationary screen against the revolving sheet material, so that the latter is subjected to a rubbing effect on the screen, in a manner to pull the more or less liquid material through the interstices of the screen, so that the material will be spread evenly and uniformly over the surface of the paper or other sheet material. Preferably, as shown, both the receptacle I and the roll 6 of the said fountain supply means are movable up and down, to force the screen against the paper, but it is obvious that the necessary or desired pressure can be provided by any suitable or desired means, and the invention is not limited to the exact construction shown and described.

With the viscous liquid material thus applied under pressure, to the surface ofthe paper, it is found that a much thicker or heavier viscous liquid material can be used, than is ordinarily possible, and that tiny or microscopic hairs or portions of the fiber that are ordinarily found on the surface of the paper, are completely imbedded below the surface of the coating and are not allowed to remain projecting from said surface, whereby the latter is smooth and glossy and entirely free from any projecting hairy or fibrous portions of the paper.

So far as the screen being stationary is concerned, that is essential to the invention, it will be seen, only during the frictional rotating action of the screen on the surface of the paper or other sheet material. Therefore, by "stationary screen is meant a screen which is stationary while the coating material is being forced through the screen onto the surface of the paper or other sheet material. At other times the screen might or might not have movement or motion, so far as the broader aspects of the invention are concerned, but more specifically considered, as shown and described, the screen does have motion when not in use, in order to substitute a fresh section of the screen for a used section thereof.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a machine for coating sheet material, means to support the sheet material for motion, a screen suitably supported to remain stationary during the operation of the machine, a fountain supply means for applying the more or less liquid material to the surface of the sheet material, while the latter is moving, and means for exerting pressure through said fountain supply means to force the screen against the surface of said sheet, and to force the liquid through the screen onto the sheet.

2. A structure as specified in claim 1, said screen being flexible, to facilitate the said forcing action, and being supported on rolls to permit a fresh section of the screen to be brought into position for use, to take the place of the preceding used section.

3. A structure as specified in claim 1, said fountain supply means comprising a roll for directly engaging the screen, the latter being flexible to plerntit the said forcing thereof against the moving s cc 4. A structure as specified in claim 1, the means for supporting the sheet material comprising a roll with means for holding the sheet on the circumference thereof.

5. A structure as specified in claim 1, said support for the sheet material being adapted to force the sheet against said screen, whereby the latter is squeezed tight between the sheet and the fountain supply means, and the moving sheet is squeezed tight between its support and the screen, while the latter remains stationary.

6. Apparatus for coating paper or other sheet material, comprising a screen, supporting means for holding the paper and frictionally rubbing the surface of the sheet over one surface of said screen, means for holding the screen in stationary position for use, so that the screen and paper have relative frictional sliding movement, while the coating material is passing through the stationary screen, and instrumentalities for applying the material for the coating, in more or less liquid or plastic condition, through the screen from the other side of the latter to the surface of the sheet, while the latter is traveling edgewise on the screen.

7. A structure as specified in claim 6, said supporting means comprising a cylindrical roll for curving the paper on the surface thereof, so that successive sections of the paper are brought successively into contact with the screen.

8. A structure as' specified in claim 6, said in strumentalities comprising a roll arranged to rotate in the said material for the coating, to feed the latter to the meshes of the screen.

9. A structure as specified in claim 6, said supporting means being above the screen, and said instrumentalities being below the screen, so that said material for the coating is forced upward through the screen against the lower side of the paper, said supporting means comprising a roll for curving the paper on the surface thereof, so that successive sections of the paper are brought successively into contact with the screen, and said bearing means comprising a roll for rubbing said coating material against the lower side of the screen.

10. A structure as specified in claim 6, comprising means for intermittently feeding the screen forward, thereby to bring a fresh section thereof into position for use, after each coating operation.

11. In apparatus for giving paper or other sheet material a coating of viscous liquid material, the combination of means for movably supporting the paper or other sheet material, in a manner to resist pressure exerted against the paper, a stationary screen uniformly engaging the moving surface of the paper or other material, and means for applying the liquid material through said screen under pressure and friction to the surface of the sheet material, while the latter is moving.

12. A structure as specified in claim 11, the means for applying the liquid material comprising a fountain supply having a rotating feed roller for feeding and pressing the liquid material through said screen upon the surface of the paper or other sheet material.

13. A structure as specified in claim 11, the support for the paper comprising a rotary member having a cylindrical surface to receive the paper or other sheet material, adapted to cause a rubbing action against the coating while the latter is being applied, together with means for periodically moving fresh sections of the screen into position for stationary use.

14. A structure as specified in claim 11, the support for the paper comprising a rotary member having a cylindrical surface to receive the paper or other sheet material, adapted to cause a rubbing action of the screen against the paper and coating while the latter is being applied through the stationary screen.

15. Apparatus for coating paper with a viscous liquid, comprising means for backing and supporting the paper in position to resist pressure on the surface thereof, and perforate means having frictional engagement with the surface of the paper to exert a rubbing action thereon, progressively along the surface thereof, for supplying and rubbing liquid on the sheet under pressure, and moving means for rubbing the liquid through said perforate means onto the paper.

16. A structure as specified in claim 15, comprising means for moving the sheet support during the coating operation, and means for holding the said rubbing means relatively stationary, so that the rubbing action is caused by the movement of the paper.

17. In apparatus for giving paper or other sheet material a coating of viscous liquid material, the combination of means for supporting the paper or other sheet material, in a manner to resist pressure exerted against the paper, and means including a screen uniformly engaging the surface of the paper or other materiaL'for applying the liquid material under pressure to the surface of the paper or other sheet material, the means for applying the liquid material comprising a fountain supply having a rotating feed roller for feeding and pressing the liquid material through said screen uponthe surface of the paper or other sheet material.

MOR'I'IMER 8. NORTH.