US2107788A

US2107788A - Deballing drill bit

Info

Publication number: US2107788A
Application number: US119814A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jesse E Hall
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-01-09
Filing date: 1937-01-09
Publication date: 1938-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 1955-02-08

Description

Feb. 8, 1938.v J, El HALL 2,107,788

' DEBALLING DRILL BIT y Filed Jan. 9, 1937 4 t', Kvk' amr Amen/Tala, xe/YQZZ;

Patented .Feu 8, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE DEBALLING DRILL BIT Jesse E. nail, n Angeles, Calif.

Application January 9, 1987, serial No. 119,814 s claims. ',(cl. 255-1-71) string from the hole and to then manually rel move the clotted, plastic mass; It will be obvious that this involves the total loss of the tool'for the full period ofv pulling, cleaning and again lowering the tool, and the expense and the loss of time increasesexactly with the increase of the depth l of the hole and the involved length of the drill string.l

This balling effect is encountered almost regardless of the specific type of the tool.

It is the broad object of the instant invention to provide a. drilling bit wherein there is provided means the function of which is to act automatically for eliminationof'packed cuttings or clay.

Further an object isto provide means for rev ducing or eliminating the balling tendency with,-

- little' of a simple character in others, as willbe/ shown -later herein. Particularly, an object is to provide a de-balling device of very simple kind and of readily renewable form, and of low cost' of material and insta1lation.

40 More specifically, an object of the invention is 'to provide a drilling bit having a, repressible facial area of resilient material so constructed, arranged-and combined with the bit body as to act automatically in a rebounding reaction as the A pressure of the formation material is lessened, lin

one way or another, according to the type of bit,.

to eject or loosen up the packing material or clay so that it will fall away from the bit face; this occurring either while the bit is in running contact with the formation forming the bottom of the hole, or while the bit is briefly lifted from the bottom, in the case of use of fish-tail bits and, if deemed desirable, its rotation ceased for af {very short while for the purpose of slacking ofithe pressure, set up between the advancing face of the bit and its normally accumulated burden of clay.

'The invention consists of certain advancements in the earth bit art as set forth in the ensuing disclosure and having, with ,the above, ad- 5 ditional objects and advantages as hereinafter developed, and whose construction, combinations and details -of means, and the manner of operation willv be made manifest in the description of the annexed, illustrative embodiment; it being l0 understood that modications, variations and adaptations may be resorted to within the scope, principle and spirit of the invention as more directly claimed in the appendage.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a conical roller l5 type of bit including' the .de-balling feature. t Figure 2 is a transverse section of the roller bit in cutting position on the bottom of a hole.

Figure 3 is a cross-section of the blade of a fish-tail type of bit embodying the invention, and 20 Figure 4 is a facial elevation of the sh-tail bit.

form of the de-balling or clay stripping device. 25

In its preferred, form the de-,balling yor clay stripping agent is in the form of a highly resilient or rebounding, incompressible, non-corrosive, non-metallic, semi-plastic or` mobile character, such, for instance as quite firm rubber; 30 this being readily moldable in' place on the given bits or into properly shaped units for easy application thereto in eld tool shops by mechanics of ordinary skill.

' The roller bit of Figs. l and 2 comprises a coni- 35 cal body-2 having circumferential rows of spaced teeth 3 of tapered form to provide cutting points I. The form oftooth here shown provides an intermediate, transverse, annular back shoulder 5. I'he entire space around the bitbody 2 wlth- 40 in an arbitrary circle C slightly back of the circle touching the points l, Fig. 2, of the relative row of teeth 3 'is lled with a mass of the desired rebounding agent or rubber 6, which extends, as is .shown in Fig. 1, from end to end of the body 2 45 presenting the spaced rows of teeth 3. The roller is attached in conventional manner to the lower end of an appropriate, rotating, driven, bit carrier only a part of which is shown at ill.

'I'he points of the roller teeth 3 in the adapta- 50 tion here illustrated stand out somewhat' from the conical face (circle C) of the rubber jacket around the body 2 and during rotation of the carrier i0 the points of the teeth are driven into and crack up the formation on the bottom 55 B of the hole; the roller swinging in a circular orbit about the axis A of the bit carrier, and turning on its own aial shaft or support 8, iny

the carrier I0. If the teeth 3 penetrate the bottom formation far enough the rubber mass 6 thereadjacent will be tangentially repressed and bulged laterally, Fig. 2, with the result that any accumulated layer of adhesive borings will be ejected from the shallow space around the bed of rubber 6 below the circle of the tooth points B.

It will be seen that there can be no packed accumulation of clay to ball up the space about the roller body 2 within a conical surface constructive about the points of the teeth 3 spaced about and along the conical body 2 of the roller. 'I'he inner face of the rubber, de-balling jacket 6 is provided with suitable concavities 6a, if needed,

to facilitate the deformation of the incompressible rubber.

Fish-tail bits have flat, forged bodies I5 and the diagonally opposite and thus advancing faces I6 of this type bit tend to accumulate adhesive plastic material during the rotation of the bit about its axis with the bottom, sharpened end on the bottom of the earth hole. The de-balling device may be attached to the faces I6 of these bits in any desired of various ways so that a rebounding area of sufficient degree will be presented and have ample power of reaction'to press back the adherent clay as soon as. the bit has been lifted enough from bottom, and its rotation stopped if desired, to relieve the clay pack from the compression force incident to the rotation of the bit. As here shown the faces I6 are provided with pockets or channels I1, preferably parallel to the axis of the bit and in these channels are arranged and interlocked therewith bars of rm rubber strippers I 8 whose faces I9 stand well outward of the bit faces I6. The backs of the bars or strippers I8 are concaved at 2 0 to provide for repression of the rubber to some degree under balling pressure of the clay during bit rotation, Fig. 5.

If the bit be stopped and slightly lifted from the bottom o f the hole, back pressure o`f the balling clay will be overcome by the resilience of the rubber bars I8 and the layer of clay will drop oi the bit.

If desired the stripper bars I8 may be mounted in backing elements as in the form of flanged boxes 2| mountable as .a unit in the respective pockets I'l of the fish-tail bit.

What is claimed is: 1. A self, de-balling, earth-formation, drill bit having a resilient, re-bounding means whereby to like.

2. An earth'boring drill bit with facial area to reduce or eliminate the tendency of the encountered formation cuttings of balling up on the said area of the bit.

3. An earth boring drill bit having cutting portions, and deformative, resilient means mounted on the bit contiguous to said portions and having an inherent re-bounding function whereby to destroy the balling tendency of the plastic cuttings encountered by the operating bit.

4. A toothed roller bit the body of whichl is provided with an elastic and resilient -device mounted thereon between the bit teeth and beyond which the tips of the roller teeth project for cutting action; whereby the rebound of the device acts to overcome or reduce earth-balling during action of the bit.

5. A toothed roller bit having a' deformable `automatically dislodge accumulated mud or the rubber jacket through which the teeth are exposed at their tips for cutting action; said jacket operative to prevent the balling of earth cuttings between the teeth.

' 6. An earth boring bit-.provided with effective cutting portions andfacialarea, of the bit, adjacent to the said portions being provided with deformable, elastic, resilient means having a rebounding function whereby to stop balling of clay on said area of the bit.

'1. A bit as set forth in claim 6, and in which said means includes rubbers forming a cushion for the plastic material tending to adhere to the bit during its rotation.

8. A bit as set forth in claim 6, and in which saidmeans consists of a bed of isolated rubber units afxed tothe bit faces.

9. An earth formation, drill bit the surface of which is subjected to becoming bailed up with clay during drilling operation, is provided with a deformable, resilient means re-boundingly operative to cast off an accumulated packing of clay or cuttings.

JESSE E. HALL.