US2105764A - Apparatus for breaking down materials - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 18, 1938. o. J. FEIGHT 2,105,764

. APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Filed Jfine 28, 1933 s Sheets-Sheet 1 .5; H l6 H J W 1 a [YVENTORI Oscar- J I e/9h? ATT'Y Jan. 18, 1938. o. J. FEIGHT 2,105,764

APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS v Filed June 28, 1933 3 eet rsheet 2 By 7 40 e3 3% 9 Jan. 18, 1938. o. J. FE lGH T 2,105,764

APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Filed-June 28, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 67 f/vvE/vToR: Osqar z e/yhf ATT'Y Patented Jan. 18, 1938 APPARATUS FOR. BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Oscar J. Feight, Columbus, Ohio, assignor to The Jeflrey Manufacturin o1 Ohio Application June 28,

2 Claims.

The improvements represented by this invention deal principally with the construction of a housing for mechanism of widely diversified kinds, the housing being designed with the more particular purpose of enabling a convenient access to be had to the mechanism within the housing.

The invention, for purposes of clarity and sim plicity of description, will be illustrated and described in connection with a grinding or pulver- 10 izing machine equipped with a pair of oppositely rotating grinding and pulverizing rotors working in conjunction with each other, and with a removable liner for the housing, which liner is provided with a grinding surface adjacent the said rotors, the housing being provided with means enabling it to be readily opened with the minimum of eifort for enabling a convenient access to be had to the interior of the housing and, to the mechanism contained therein. It isdesired that it be distinctly understood that the novel features of this invention are not limited in any way to the illustrated mechanism, nor necessarily even to the general type of mechanism illustrated herein, but is of an entirely general application.

The details of the construction .of the present invention will be readily understood from a consideration of the description, which follows, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the features of novelty constituting the 80 present improvements being set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming the subject matter of this invention:

Fig. 1 is an elevationalview of a pulverizing machine assembly embracing the features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, taken at right angles to Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the improved housing, 40 the drive motors for the mechanism being omitted, the housing being closed;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the housing, showing the motors in place, and'the housing opened for access to the interior mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, the motors being shown in elevation for purposes of clarity;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7,is a sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 5, the base plate of Fig. 5 being omitted; and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7. a I As applied to a pulverizing machine, the inven- 55 tion embraces the unitA comprising the improved g Company, a corporation 1933, Serial No. 678,009 (CI. 83-11) housing forming the principal part of this invention. The unit A receives material to be pulverized, which material is delivered thereto from a storage hopper B and conveyor C, or any equivalent supply mechanism. As installed, the unit A 5 is mounted on a base plate E and a concrete or similar foundation F. Drive instrumentalities including a motor G, which operates gears H, are employed for driving the endless feed conveyor C.

The conveyor C receives the material from the 10 storage hopper B, and discharges the material into the feed hopper I of unit A. This feed hopper I has the throat 2 communicating with the interior of the unit A on the feed side thereof through feed opening-3, and is mounted on a flange 4 which issubstantially'fiush with the top of the casing 5 in which the pulverizer 6 and fan i are enclosed. The casing 5 is supported on the bed plate or base E, which also supports the motor 8 for driving the fan shaft 9. The inner end of shaft 9 carries the fan side rotor element ID of the pulverizer 6.

The endless conveyor l l enters the hopper i and discharges the material into the feed side of unit A, as previously'stated. In the path of the discharging material is a permanent magnet l2 which is designed to remove tramp iron from the material. If desired, an electromagnet may be substituted for the permanent magnet andarranged in a well-known manner so as to be energized whenever the-feeding mechanism is operated.

A hollow circular closure l3 for the feed side of the casing 5 is provided with an integral platform I4 on which is mounted the motor IS. The shaft l6 of the latter extends inwardly and car-. ries at its inner end the feed side rotor element H. In the mechanism illustrated in the drawings, when the motor I5 is operated, the rotor I1 is rotated relatively to the casing 5 and the 010- sure IS in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the fan side rotor element l 0, which is driven by the motor 8. The rotor I1 is keyed to the shaft l6 asindicated at I8. I I

The closure I 3 is hinged relative to the hous- 5 ing 5, so that the closure I 3, platform I4, motor 15, shaft l6 and-rotor I! may be moved axially of the shaft I6 away from the casing 5, and then swung laterally on vertical hinge instrumentalities so that both rotors will be freely accessible for inspection, repair or replacement, while be ing normally locked in position. From Figs. 3 and 8 it will be seen that the casing 5 is provided with sockets ill for thereception of pins 2|) which 1 a e loosely fltted into the sockets and which are provided with a threaded, transversely extending bore which receives the threaded lock bolts 2| wln'ch are held between outstanding pairs of lugs 22 and locked thereagainst by the provision of the heads 23 on the bolts. A lateral extension 24 of the platform I4 is slotted, as indicated at 25, to receive a pin 26 extending upwardly from the base plate E and welded, or otherwise permanently mounted to the base plate. When the lock bolts 2| are loosened, the closure l3 and associated parts may be moved axially of the shaft |'6 away from the casing 5 until the pin 26 engages the end of the' slot 25, which is sufficient to enable the rotor H to clear the casing 5, whereupon the closure l3 and its associated parts may swing laterally upon pin 26 as a pivot or hinge, to take the open position shown in Fig. 4, whereby the interior of the unit A becomes freely accessible. To facilitate this movement, the surface 21 of base plate E is perfectly smooth and the platform I4 is provided with pockets 28 adapted to receive oily waste forlubricating the surface 21 by drainage of oil through openings 29 in the bottom of the pockets, thereby enabling the platform l4 to slide more easily over the base plate and to prevent the smooth surface of the latter from rusting. Reverse movements enable closure l3 to be brought back into interfltting relation with the casing 5. For the purpose of properly guiding the return movement of closure l3, a guide bar 39 is suitably secured to the surface 21of the plate, as by bolts or equivalent securing members 3|, this bar being engaged by the platform M on its return and causing the platform to be properly directed into closing position of the closure [3, with the flange 3| thereof snugly fitting into a recess 32 in the easint. 5.. It will be seen that the closure l3 when in closed position provides a feed chamber 33 for the material dropped from the endless conveyor ll.

Apartition 34 located in casing 5 is provided with an opening 35 which registers with the openings 36 through the central portion of the fan side rotor element l9. The partition 34 is formed'with an annular flange 31 closely engaging a. shoulder 36 of the casing 5. A removable cylindrical liner 39 abuts against the flange 31 of the partition 34, thereby holding the latter in place. The removable liner 39 is provided with circumferentially spaced projections 49 arranged in substantially diametrical oppositionyand which extend parallel to the axis of the shafts 9 and I6. Through the casing 5 are diametrically opposed openings through which are passed set screws 4|. The openings aforesaid are adapted to register with projections 49,..of

the liner in which projections are provided the tapered recesses 42 adapted to receive the tapered ends 43 of the set screws 4|. The liner' 39 is reversible, so that the recesses 42 are arranged in pairs, the individual members of which are symmetrically disposed relatively to each other. When assembled, the recesses 42 are slightly offset relative' to the set screws 4|. as isclearly shown in Fig. 8, the set screws thereby acting. when tightened, to force the liner 39 against the partition 34 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 8, thereby clamping the partition tightly in position while at the same time securing the liner 39 in adjusted position.

The inner cylindrical wall of the liner 39 is provided with a multiplicity of grooves parallel to the shafts 9 and I6 to form a serrated inner cylindrical grinding wall 44, closely adjacent which the radial grinding lugs 45 and 46 on the rotors travel along circumferential paths. Circular shoulders or supporting surfaces are provided on the annular flanges 41 and 48 for engagement by the radial projections 49 of the liner 39 to center the liner or to hold the same concentric with the axis of the shafts 9 and I6. The circumferentially distributed points of support at 49, 49, lessen the frictional contact to facilitate removal of the liner when desired, but nevertheless the frictional mounting of the liner, coupled with the clamping action of the set screws, is sufficient to hold the same in clamping position against the partition 34, and to maintain the opening 49 on its lowermost side in communication with the tramp pocket 59 in the base of easing 5.

It will be seen from Fig. 5 that the feed side rotor element I1 is provided with a plurality of radially extending blades 5|. These blades are adjacent the intake opening 52 which opening extends through the inner wall of closure l3, and

' is concentrically disposed around shaft l6. The

blades 5| act as suction fan blades, in conjunction with fan 1 to draw material through the intake 52 into the pulverizing zone 6, and to impart to the material a preliminary fracture by impacting the material against the liner 39.

When the material to be pulverized falls to the bottom 53 of the chamber 33, it will tend to accumulate therein. If there is any tramp iron, the larger pieces will remain in the bottom 53 of the chamber 33 and may be removed when the closure I3 is opened. Smaller pieces of tramp material that may pass with the other material into engagement with the blades 5| will be ejected through opening 54 into pocket 55 in the bottom of closure |3. To facilitate this ejection the bot tom portion of the liner 39 is beveled, as shown at 56. Still smaller pieces of tramp material that may pass the crusher lugs 46 will escape through the opening 49 into pocket 59 whence it may be withdrawn by removal of the door 51 of the pocket.

Inasmuch as the rotor disc I1 is closed, the material to be pulverized must find its way peripherally of the disc |1 between the grinding lugs 46 into the pulverizing zone. This passage is facilitated by the cooperative action of blades 5| with the fan 1. During such passage the material is ground by impact against the leading sides of-the lugs 46 and the serrated cylindrical wall 44.

The fan 1 driven by motor 8 is adapted to produce a current of air from the feed side of the disc |1 into the hollow chamber between the rotor elements l1 and 56. Whatever material passes to'the peripheral space surrounding the rotor 58 willbe furtlier crushed by impact against the radial spaced lugs 45, 45, and by being thrown by the latter against the serrated cylindrical wall 44.

While the suction of air through the opening 36 tends to draw the crushed material through the peripheral space between the lugs 45 and the serrated wall 44, and radially to the left of the rotor 58 as viewed in Fig. 5, this tendency is counteracted by the radial fins 59, 59 which are formed in radial continuation of the spider arms 69. 69, and by the auxiliary radial fins 6|, 6|

intermediate the fins 59, 59, which are formed 7 -in radial continuation of the spider arms 69, 69,

and by the auxiliary radial fins 6|, 6| intermediate the fins 59, 59, as shown in Fig. '7. The faces of the fins 59 and 6| adjacent the inner wall of the partition 34 are approximately in the same Gil pulverizing lugs 63.

53, 63 which vertical plane which is closely adjacent such inner wall, consequently an eilective seal will be produced to prevent the passage of coarse material between the back of the rotor 58 and the adjacent wall of the partition 34.

The rotor I! is provided with parallel spacedapart pulverizing lugs 62 which may be integral with the grinding lugs 36, 46, but the spacing between the latter is shorter than the spacing between the grinding lugs 46. The rotor 58 is provided with parallel spaced-apart pulverizing lugs overlap the lugs 62, 62 so as to leave only a small cylindrical space 64 between the paths of travel of the adjacent faces. It is preferred to arrange the parallel lugs 62 and 63 so that the path of travel of the feed side rotor lugs 62 will be of smaller diameter than the path of travel of the fan side rotor This arrangement enables the grinding lugs 46 to be placed adjacent to the serrated wall 46 while providing sufificientspace between the lugs 46 for entrance of material into the pulverizing zone, and moreover the entrance to the ring space between the paths of travel of back of the rotor 58 and the wardly against the serrated wall 44 while only the finest or pulverized material flows with the air through the opening 36 into the fan chamber 65.

The coarse particles continue to be pulverized by impact and attrition around the circumferences of the rotors until they are so fine that the chamber 65. Pulverization is completed in the ring space 64 or between the overlapping adjacent faces of the pulverizing lugs 62 and 63 because actual tests show that maximum wear takes place at such adjacent faces-and at the leading corners as illustrated at 66 in Fig. 7. The same is true with respect to the wear on the lugs 62 of the feed side rotor H.

The unit A is mounted on a foundation F, convenientl y of concrete. A plurality of channels 61,

61, disposed as indicated in Fig. 4 are welded to the underside of the base plate E, and are embedded in the top surface of the concrete foundation F, the base plate E being level. These channels prevent displacement of the unit during service.

The base plate E is provided with grout holes 68, 68, through which additional concrete may be poured to maintain the base plate level.

As the fan discharges the pulverized material, additional air is drawn through openings 69into the fan chamber 65. The quantity of air thus entering port 69 is controlled by damper ll. housing 5 with motor 8 is fixedly attached to the base plate E by bolts 12. The pulverized mateterial is ejected through outlet 70.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Apparatus for breaking down materials com- OSCAR J. gamma

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