US2100700A - Relaxation oscillation generator - Google Patents

Relaxation oscillation generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2100700A
US2100700A US691562A US69156233A US2100700A US 2100700 A US2100700 A US 2100700A US 691562 A US691562 A US 691562A US 69156233 A US69156233 A US 69156233A US 2100700 A US2100700 A US 2100700A
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United States
Prior art keywords
potential
condenser
relaxation
charging
grid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US691562A
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English (en)
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Schlesinger Kurt
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K13/00—Seats or covers for all kinds of closets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
    • H03K4/06—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape
    • H03K4/08—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape
    • H03K4/86—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements gas-filled tubes or spark-gaps

Definitions

  • the relaxation circuit systems hitherto known possess the disadvantage that the relaxation frequency upon variations in the feeding potential also varies, so that the generation of absolutely stable relaxation potentials of constant frequency is only possible by the use of absolutely stable potential sources, which as well known are not capable of being obtained in practice, or only with an exceptional amount of trouble.
  • FIG. 2 A form of embodiment of the invention isillustrated diagrammatically by way of example in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 1, 2 is the relaxation condenser, which is charged by the potential source 3 through the resistance I, and is discharged through the discharge valve 4 (pref erably a hot-cathode, grid glow lamp filled with a gas of low pressure).
  • the ignition potential of the dischar e valve may be varied in wide limits by means of a suitable negative bias, which is taken for example from the potential source 9, and which is applied to the grid 5 of the discharge valve through the medium of the highly ohmic resistance 8.
  • This negative grid potential will be referred to in the following as blocking potential.
  • the blocking potential and accordingly also the anode ignition potential remain constant, whilst the feed potential practically always reveals detrimental fluctuations.
  • the frequency of the system diifers relatively strongly in accordance with the variations in the working potential, i. e., the same becomes greater when the working potential, and accordingly the strength of charging current, increases, and vice versa.
  • the relaxation frequency generated by known arrangements discloses appreciable variations in frequency, so that synchronism of the relaxation generator with any given frequency (television transmitter, or alternating potential requiring measurement, or the like) is not fully ensured.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a method of and an apparatus for producing relaxation oscillations, the frequency of which remains constant, even when the feed potential varies within relatively wide limits (for example :20%).
  • the ignition potential of the discharge valve is varied to the same extent as the working potential and accordingly the charging current of the condenser.
  • the variation in the ignition potential 5 may preferably take place automatically with the use of suitable means.
  • a grid-controlled discharge valve for example, in accord ance with the invention a grid-controlled discharge valve, the blocking potential (negative grid bias) of which is derived in such fashion from the working potential that the blocking potential varies in proportion to the working potential.
  • FIG. 2 is a condenser, which is charged through the medium of the charging resistance l, with intermediate connection of the steadying condenser 6, over the rectifier I and the transformer II] by the house circuit II.
  • 4 is the discharge valve.
  • grid glow lamps and more particularly those having a cold cathode. It has been found, however, particularly suitable to employ hot-cathode, gas-filled grid glow lamps, for example having a filling of mercury vapour or neon of suitable low pressure.
  • the blocking potential regulating the ignition potential and linked up with the grid '5 of the discharge valve 4 is obtained from the feed potential by feed-back;
  • I2 is the feed-back resistance necessary for this purpose, and
  • i3 a ballast resistance, the size of which may be selected, for example, at .5 megohm.
  • the synchonizing potential necessary for obtaining synchronization is also applied to the grid 5 0f the discharge valve in the manner known per se. In the drawing this synchronizing potential is indicated by the A. C. generator l4.
  • the size of the feed-back resistance is dependent both on the remaining values in the circuit as well as the characteristic of the discharge valve, and may be determined by use of the following equations:
  • m is the slope of the blocking potential/anode potential characteristic.
  • the blocking potential characteristic is practically a straight line with the ordinate ez, the ignition potential of the discharge valve and the abscissa e the grid bias of this valve. In similar fashion to ionic tubes the slope approximately corresponds with the reciprocal of the amplification factor of the anode by the control grid).
  • C is the capacity of the tilting condenser, Re. the charging resitance, R the feed-back resistance, the extent of which is to be determined; 1 is the relaxation frequency, E the variable potential at the condenser, and z the maximum ignition potential. Since only the exactly linear portion of the exponential charging curve is useful, only onetenth of the D. C. potential of the charging potential source can be utilized.
  • a device for producing relaxation oscillations comprising a charging condenser having terminals, a circuit for charging said condenser comprising a variable direct potential source having a positive and a negative pole and a charging resistance connected in series across said condenser, a second resistor connected in said charging circuit between said negative pole and a condenser terminal, a gas filled discharge valve for discharging said condenser having a grid, a cathode, and an anode, a synchronizing potential source, means for connecting said anode and cathode across said condenser and means for connecting said second resistor and said synchronizing potential source in series between said cathode and grid, whereby constant frequency relaxation oscillations occur despite variations in said source.
  • a device for producing relaxation oscillations comprising a charging condenser having terminals, a circuit for charging said condenser comprising a variable direct potential source hav ing a positive and a negative pole and a charging resistance connected in series across said condenser, a second resistor connected in said charging circuit between said negative pole and a condenser terminal, a gas filled discharge valve for discharging said condenser having a grid, a cathode, and an anode, means for connecting said anode and cathode across said con-denser and means for connecting said second resistor between said cathode and grid, said second resistor having a value equal to the reciprocal of the product of said slope of the discharge valve and the frequency of said relaxation oscillation and the capacity of said charging condenser, whereby constant frequency relaxation oscillations occur despite variations in said source.
  • a device for producing relaxation oscillations comprising a charging condenser having terminals, a circuit for charging said condenser comprising a variable direct potential source having a positive and a negative pole and a charging resistance connected in series across said condenser, a second resistor connected in said charging circuit between said negative pole and a condenser terminal, a gas filled discharge valve for discharging said condenser having a grid, a cathode, and an anode, means for connecting said second resistor between said cathode and grid, whereby constant frequency relaxation oscillations occur despite variations in said source, said charging resistor having a value of substantially Rg being the resistance of said second resistor, m being said slope of said discharge valve, E being the potential of said D. C. potential source, and ez being the maximum ignition potential of said discharge valve.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US691562A 1932-10-01 1933-09-29 Relaxation oscillation generator Expired - Lifetime US2100700A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE426055X 1932-10-01

Publications (1)

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US2100700A true US2100700A (en) 1937-11-30

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US691562A Expired - Lifetime US2100700A (en) 1932-10-01 1933-09-29 Relaxation oscillation generator

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US (1) US2100700A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR426055A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB426055A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL43110C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441325A (en) * 1943-10-28 1948-05-11 Morrison Montford Method of operating gaseous thermionic tubes
US2442286A (en) * 1940-09-20 1948-05-25 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Synchronized pulse producer
US2444014A (en) * 1945-11-23 1948-06-22 Franklin Transformer Mfg Compa Distributor testing apparatus and circuit
US2489312A (en) * 1944-01-04 1949-11-29 Us Sec War Oscilloscope sweep circuit
US2495165A (en) * 1948-10-13 1950-01-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vapor-electric device
US2552512A (en) * 1942-05-23 1951-05-15 Lamont V Blake Keying circuit
US2591511A (en) * 1948-10-28 1952-04-01 Trist & Co Ltd Ronald Voltage unbalance indicating system
US2607897A (en) * 1946-06-13 1952-08-19 Thomas E Fairbairn Oscillator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2494164A (en) * 1946-04-22 1950-01-10 Trimble Nurseryland Furniture Infant's folding bath stand and dressing table

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2442286A (en) * 1940-09-20 1948-05-25 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Synchronized pulse producer
US2552512A (en) * 1942-05-23 1951-05-15 Lamont V Blake Keying circuit
US2441325A (en) * 1943-10-28 1948-05-11 Morrison Montford Method of operating gaseous thermionic tubes
US2489312A (en) * 1944-01-04 1949-11-29 Us Sec War Oscilloscope sweep circuit
US2444014A (en) * 1945-11-23 1948-06-22 Franklin Transformer Mfg Compa Distributor testing apparatus and circuit
US2607897A (en) * 1946-06-13 1952-08-19 Thomas E Fairbairn Oscillator
US2495165A (en) * 1948-10-13 1950-01-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vapor-electric device
US2591511A (en) * 1948-10-28 1952-04-01 Trist & Co Ltd Ronald Voltage unbalance indicating system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL43110C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR426055A (fr) 1911-06-27
GB426055A (en) 1935-03-27
FR761388A (fr) 1934-03-17

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