US2099856A - Hair waving apparatus - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 23, 1937. w s LEWIS 2,099,856

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed D'eo. 11, 1933 2 sheets-sheet 1 f 58 49 84 if I f "F 46 7,8

lL www l nml Tum Man M 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /l\\ O /IHIIIIIHHHUIIIIIM.HHHHINIIIINI .T v TH Nov ..,23, 1937. w. s. LEWIS HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. l1, 1955 Patented Nov. 23, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Wilbur S. Lewis, Rocky River, Ohio, assignor to The Murl Oo., Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application December 11, 1933, Serial No. 701,823

7 Claims.

This invention relates to a new and improved apparatus for forming the so-called permanent wave in strands of hair preferably upon the human head b-y the croquignole principle, which involves winding the strands of hair upon a hair receiving rod from its ends inwardly toward the scalp of the head.

The apparatus employed at the present time in the waving of hair have many disadvantages lo and result in innumerable discomiorts to the recipient.

It is, therefore, one of the important objects of the present invention to provide a simple apparatus for waving hair which eliminates the disl5 advantages now eaisting in the present apparatus.

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus employing steam as the heat treating medium which is applied in such a manner as to prevent any possible injury to the hair or recipient of the wave.

A still further object of the invention resides in providing an apparatus for waving hair which is s nip-le, ecient and inexpensive.

With the objects above indicated and other objects hereinafter explained in View, the invention consists in the improved apparatus for waving hair hereinafter' described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side View looking inwardly from the left hand side of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top plan View of the apparatus shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of .a hair receiving rod and clamp with the latter shown in open position employed with the apparatus;

Fig. 5 is a side elevational vi-ew of a hair receiving rod and clamp with the latter shown in closed position;

Fig. 6 is a sectional View taken on line 6 5 of Fig. 3 and on an enlarged scale to more clearly illustrate the structural details;

Fig. 7 is a top plan View of the manifold with a portion broken away to show the interior structure and on an enlarged scale.

In the drawings a hair waving apparatus embodying the present inventionV is illustrated wherein suitable ap-paratus is provided for generating steam to be used in connection with the forming of so-called permanent waves in hair upon a recipient. Referring more particularly to Fig. l of the drawings, the apparatus comprises a pedestal I0 having a base II at the lower portion thereof which is adapted to rest upon the floor or other structure for suitably supporting the pedestal in its proper upright position. The pedestal IG is of hollow construction, as more clearly shown in Fig. 6, and is provided at its 5 upper end with an outwardly haring supporting member I2 which ma-y likewise be formed integral with the pedestal or connected in any suitable manner as is well known. The supporting member l2 has a vertically disposed flange I3 ex- 10 tending circumferentially thereof and formed integral with the upper portion of the supporting member I2, the flange I3 being slightly offset to provide a seat I4. y

A steam generator I5 is provided which con- 15 sists of a metallic water receptacle I6, preferably tubular, which has its upper end turned inwardly to provide a top portion II. This top portion I 'I is provided with an axial opening I8 within which a flanged member I9 is rigidly se- 20 cured. Ihe receptacle I E has a bottom portion 25 welded or otherwise secured to the lower portion of the receptacle IS and adjacent its central portion is a frusto-conical offset portion 2l for a purpose to be later described. 25

A housing Y22, preferably of tubular form, is disposed about the receptacle I6, but in spaced relation thereto, as more clearly shown in Fig. 6, while the lower portion of the housing is offset at 23 to provide a depending circumferential flange 30 which rigidly engages the flange I3 on the supporting member I2 Yand by means of which the housing 22 is supported and maintained in proper position. The upper portion of the housing 22^ex tends inwardly to provide a top portion 24 which 35 has an axial opening 25 provided therein. A cover member 26 is of complementary formation with the top portion 24 of the housing 22. This cover member 26 is adapted to rest upon the Vtop portion 24 and is provided with a depending cir- 40 cumferential flange 21 which engages the sides of the housing 22 to maintain the cover in proper position. The cover 26 also has an axial opening 28 in alignment with the opening 25. A member 29 rests upon the outer side of the cover member 45 26 and has a depending ilange 30 which extends through the openings 28 and 25, respectively, and which is rigidly secured to the cover member 26 and the top portion 24 by means of a laterally eX- tending flange 3I, which is peened over so as to 50 provide a rigid connection therebetween. The iiange member I9 has a pipe 32 secured therein which extends upwardly through an opening 33 in the member 29 and has its free end exteriorly screw threaded at 34. 55

Suitable insulating material 35, which is heat repellent is disposed'within the space provided between the receptacle I 5 and the housing 22, the lower end of the insulating material being supported upon the shoulder I4, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. Disposed within the frusto-conical portion 2| is an electrical heating element 36 which is provided with a spiral groove 3l adapted to receive suitable resistance wire of the heat transmitting type. This heating element 36 has its lower end disposed within an opening 38 in the bottom of the insulating material 35 and is removably secured by means of straps 39 which may either be secured to the insulating material 35 or to the ared portion l 2 of the pedestal. The bottom of the heating element 36 is provided with openings 48 through which the conductor wires extend and it is understood that the conductor wires also extend downwardly through the pedestal Il) and outwardly through an opening 4I at the lower portion of the pedestal where they may be connected to a suitable electrical plug for connection with a suitable source of supply.

' 'The receptacle I6 is provided with a ilanged opening 42 in its bottom 25, as more clearly shown in Fig. 6, being interiorly screw threaded to receive one end of a drain pipe 43. An opening 44 is provided in the flared portion I2 through which the drain pipe 43 extends and its lower end is provided with a manually operable valve 45 by means of which the water in receptacle i5 may be drained off.

At the upper portion of the housing 22 a valve casing 46 is provided and having the function of a three-way valve. The valve casing 45 has a lower extension 41 which is interiorly screw threaded and is mounted upon the screw threaded end 34 of the pipe 32. At the upper portion of the valve casing 45 is an opening 48 within which the lower end of a pipe 49 is securely xed. The upper end of the pipe 49 is provided with a flared funnel-shaped member 5D through which water may be .introduced in filling the receptacle I6 to its proper level in a manner which will be later more fully described. f

Extending angularly with respect to the pipe 32 and the pipe 49 the valve casing 46 is provided withV a pair of spaced non-communicative openings 5l and 52, respectively, within .which the inner ends of pipes 53 and 54 are secured. The pipe 53 will be termed the steam supply pipe, While the pipe 54 will be referred to as the condensate return pipe. The outer ends ci these pipes 53 and 54 are secured within non-communicative openings 55 and 5S provided in a'neck portion 5l oi a manifold 58.

The valve casing 46 is provided with a circular bore 59 which is in communication with the pipe 49, the pipe 32, the steam supply pipe 53Vand condensate return pipe 54, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. A valve 60 of hollow construction is disposed within the valve casing 46 and is adapted to be rotated by reason of the engagement between the outer surface of the valve 60 and the bore 59. The valve S0 is provided with spaced transversely extending openings 55, 62, 33 and 64, which provide communicating means between the various pipes and the interior of the valve 63, which cooperate in a manner which will be later described, the relationship of the various openings depending upon the desired results.

The manifold 58 comprises an elongated housing oi any suitable material and substantially open at its upper end and having a iiange 66 extending continuously therearound. A partition 6'! divides the housing into a steam chamber 58 and a condensate chamber 69, the partition extending longitudinally of the housing and being in substantially parallel spaced relation with respect to the side portions of the flange 35. A cover 10 is disposed upon the open end of the housing and has a depending ange 'll which engages with the upper outside portion of the flange rihe cover 10 is provided with openings to receive machine bolts 'H' which cooperate with screw threaded openings 'I2 provided upon the inner sides of the flange 55 and upon the upper surface of the partition 51, as clearly shown in Fig. 7, for preventing accidental displacement. The cover i5 is provided with transverse openings 'i3 spaced in a predetermined relationship which communicate with the steam chamber 58 and transverse openings T4 located in a similar relationship, but communieating with the condensate chamber $9.

Screens 'l5 are disposed transversely within the openings 55 and 56 in the neck portion 5l of the manifold, as more clearly shown in Fig. 6, being spaced apart longitudinally and having disposed therebetween absorbent material l5.

Secured within the openings T3 are a plurality of outwardly extending tubular nipples 11 to which are attached the inner ends of flexible rubber tubes 18. As many of these rubber tubes may be provided as is required, the maximum number of which, however, will correspond to the maximum number of waves which it is desired to place in the hair. The rubber tubes 'i8 have encircling their inner end portions throughout a considerable length tubular members .'9 of rigid material which tend to maintain the rubber tubes 'IS in an upright position. However, to permit these rubber tubes 18 to be distorted when in use coiled springs 80 surround the inner ends of the tubular members 'i9 and the ends oi the rubber tubes 18, which are mounted upon the nipples l'l, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. It will also be noted that the use of the coiled springs iikewise tends to maintain the ends of the rubber tubes in engagement with the nipples 'Il' to prevent accidental disengagement therebetween. The rubber tubes 'i8 are, therefore,fadapted to bend, as shown in Fig. l,

by reason of spacing the ends oi the tubular mem- A liquid level 83 is mounted upon the housing` 22 and has a portion which ext/ends downwardly into engagement with the liquid within the receptacle l5 and a visual indicating portion which 50 These extends upwardly outside of the casing, as indicated at 84, for informing the operator as to the amount of water present within the receptacle at any particular time.'

The electrical heating element 36 is operated for a predetermined period to transmit suiiicient heat to the water within the receptacle l5 to cause the same to boil. In this manner the necessary steam is generated for carrying out the purpose of the invention. A time control mechanism 85 of any well known type is mounted upon the outside of the housing 22 and at the upper portion thereof. The mechanism is mounted within a housing 88 secured, by means of bolts 8l and 88, to the member 29 and the pipe 49, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. The mechanism, however, is not shown within the housing 86, but is shown in Fig. 2. This consists of a customary and well known type of time control switch in which an operating hand 89 of a clock mechanism is adapted to be moved clockwise a certain distance equivalent to the number of minutes it is desired that theV heating element should remain on. When the operating hand 89 is released the clock mechanism operates during the period of time for which it is set, during which time the circuit to the heating element is closed. The minute that the operating hand arrives at the zero point the circuit to the heating element is interrupted which causes a discontinuance in the operation thereof until the operating hand has again been actuated.

The position of the valve 46, as shown in Fig. 6, shows the opening 6| in communication with the steam supply pipe 53 and the opening 63 in communication with the pipe 32 leading into the receptacle i6. Therefore, any steam which has been generated is permitted to pass through the pipe 32, through the valve, through the steam supply pipe 53 and through the rubber tubes 18 to the discharge nozzles 8|. If the apparatus is not being used and the discharge nozzles 8| are inserted in the manifold, as heretofore explained, the steam will be condensed and the condensate Will collect in the condensate pipe 54. However, when the apparatus is not being employed the valve should be in a position in which the opening 6| is in communication with the condensate pipe 54, in which case the opening 92 would communicate with the pipe 32 thereby returning the condensate to the inside of the receptacle. If the water level should be reduced to an amount less than is desired, the valve is turned in the opposite direction in which the opening 62 is brought into communication with the pipe 49 and the opening 64 into communication with the pipe 32, the valve in this case shutting off communication with the steam supply pipe 53. This permits water to be introduced into the funnel-shaped member 50, through the pipe 49, through the valve and through the pipe 32 into the receptacle i9.

The apparatus, as heretofore described, may be used in conjunction with a new and novel hair clamping device described in the copending joint application of myself and John C. Murray, Serial No. 634,224, filed September 21, 1932, and illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 hereof.

This hair clamping device 90 comprises a hair receiving rod 9| of any suitable material and is decliningly tapered from adjacent its opposite ends to adjacent its central portion. The rod 9| is also provided with a plurality of circumferential grooves 92 spaced apart longitudinally of the rod and of decreasing diameter from adjacent opposite ends of the rod to adjacent the center portion of the rod, as more clearly shown in Fig. 4. Alongitudinally extending transverse slot 93 is provided in the rod adjacent the central portion thereof and has disposed therein a strip of resilient frictional material 94, preferably rubber, with its longitudinal edges extending slightly beyond the peripheral surface of the rod adjacent thereto. The rod 9|, preferably at its free end, is provided with an extension of reduced diameter and has preferably a rubber ring 95 secured thereto. The end of the extension is provided With a transverse slot adapted to receive a suitable tool for tensioning the hair after the same is wound upon the rod. The opposite end of the rod 9| has an extension of reduced diametrolled by a ratchet.

ter upon which is preferably secured a rubber ring 96.

The rod 9| is adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis preferably in one direction only and to eiect such rotation the rod 9| is con- The ratchet in this case is internally mounted so as to prevent any possibility of contact with the hair. V

The clamping means for the hair is provided` which engage the strands of hair adjacent the scalp and prevent marking, at the same time maintaining the hair against accidental slippage. The members 91 have one of their ends pivotally connected at 98 to a portion of the rod 9|V upon which it is rotatably supported and these members 91 are adapted to be moved about the axis thereof until they assume the position shown in Fig. 5, which is in parallel proximity with the rod. The opposite ends of the rods 91 have pivoted to one of the ends thereof at 99 a pair of spaced links |00, the free ends of which have pivoted thereto at a lever |02. The spaced links |00 are adapted to be moved into cooperative engagement with the opposite end |03 of the members 91 and a cammedporton |04 upon the pivoted end of the lever |02 is adapted to cooperate with the extension to maintain the members 91 in closed position.

The members 91 have secured to their upper portions cooperating half sections |05 which, when moved into cooperating engagement, provide a steam chamber. Each half section |05 is adapted to be moved with the members 91 and when in the open position, as shown in Fig. 4, may be employed as a hand-grip while the hair is being Wound upon the rod. After the hair has been wound upon the rod the clamping members 91 are moved into cooperating engagement, whereby the cooperating half sections are disposed around the wound sections of hair, as shown in Fig. 5, and locked by means of the latch member |02.

One of the half sections |05 is provided with an opening |06 and a spring wire |01 is secured within the half section |05 and has a portion eX- tending beneath the opening. This spring is to operate with the groove 82 provided upon the discharge nozzle 8| so as to hold the same against accidental disengagement, as shown in Fig. 5. Openings |01 are provided in the other half sectionv |05 to permit the steam to escape or to condense after it has served its purpose.

In operation the rod 9| is disposed in the position shown in Fig. 4 and a at strand of hair is selected upon the head and treated with a suitable solution to assist in causing the hair to curl. The free ends of the strands are placed upon the rod 9|, as shown in Fig. 4, and then the rod is rotated until the strand of hair is completely wound upon the rod. At the end of the winding operation the rod 9| is adjacent the scalp, then a suitable moisture-absorbent material, such as absorbent paper, is Wrapped around the wound hair, and the clamping members 91 are then moved into cooperating engagement and then locked by means of the lever |02. 'Ihis also places the cooperating half sections |05 around the wound strand of hair. As many of these curling devices are placed upon the head as are required to produce the desired number of curls. When all of the curling devices have been placed upon the head, the dischar-ge nozzles 8| on the end of the rubber tubes 78 are inserted into the openings |06 and the valve 46 is then adjusted so that the steam which has been previously generated in the receptacle I6 will pass into contact with the hair upon the rods. This steam treat- Vment'is permitted to continue for the desired length of time to produce a waving of the hair. After this steaming operation has been completed the" hair is' then removed from the rod and combed and treated in the manner which is well known in the' art. Y

While I have described a'preferred embodiment cf the invention, it is to be understood that I am not to be limited thereto, inasmuch as changes and modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In an apparatus for curling hair, a hair receiving member upon which strands of hair are adapted to be wound from the ends inwardly tward the scalp, an enclosed chamber within which said wound hair is adapted to be disposed, a steam producing means, communicating means .between saidsteam producing means and said enclosed chamber, and automatic control means operatively connected with said steaniproducing means for controlling the same.

2. In an apparatus for curling hair, a hair receiving member upon which strands of hair are adapted to be wound from the ends inwardly toward the scalp, an enclosed chamber within which said'wound hair is adapted to be disposed, a steam producing means, communicating means between said steam producing means and said enclosed chamber, and predeterminately settable automatic control means operatively connected with said steam producing means for controlling the same.

3. In an apparatus for curling hair, a plurality of hair receiving members upon which strands of hair are adapted to be wound from the ends inwardly toward the scalp, a plurality of independent enclosed chambers within which .said wound hair is adapted to be disposed, a steam producing means, communicating means between said steam producing means and said enclosed ehamberskand predeterminately settable control means operatively connected with said steam producing means for controlling the same. 4. A device of the character described comprising a water container, means for heating the water, a manifold, means connecting said manifold to said container and provided with an out let passage for the steam and a return passagev for the condensate, a plurality of discharge members having one end connected with said manifold and in communication with said outlet passage, and a single manually operated means for connecting said outleti passageV or saidreturn passage with said container.

5. A device of the character described comprising a water container, automatically controlled means for heating the water, a manifold, means connecting said manifold to said container and provided with an outlet passage for the steam and a return passage for the condensate, a plurality of discharge members having one end connected with said manifold and in communication with said outlet passage, and a single manually operated means for connecting said outlet passage or said return passage with said container.

6. A device of the character described comprising a water container provided with an inlet opening, electrical means for heating the water, a manifold, means connecting said manifold to said container and provided with an outlet passage for steam and a return passage for the condensate, a plurality of discharge members having one end connected to said manifold and in communication with said outlet passage, and a single manually operated means for connecting said container opening, said outlet passage or said return passage with said container.

7. A device of the character described comprising a water container provided with an inlet opening, means for heating the water, a manifold, means connecting said manifold to said container and provided with an outlet passage for steam and a return passage for the condensate, a plurality of discharge members having one end connected to said manifold and in communication withsaid outlet passage, and a multi-way valve for connecting said inlet opening, said outlet passage, or said return passage with said container.

WILBUR S. LEWIS.

Images