US2098937A - Ladle for casting fluid metal - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 16, 19 37. H.'BRINKMANN 2,093,937

LADLE FOR CASTING; FLUID METAL Filed Jan a, 1936 Patented Nov. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LADLE Fon cas'rma rnum Marat."

Heinrich Dortmund, Germany Application 1......" s, 1936, Serial No.'58,196

In Germany March 2, 1934 zclsimspwiza-sir 10 has already been proposed to provide, when casting ingots in the ingot mould, a ladle capable of being moved upwards and downwards, into which the stream of metal flows and from which the fluid metal is further conveyed into the ingot 15 mould from a relatively small height. This known proposal necessitates the provision of a complicated motion-imparting device for enabling the ladle to be moved upwards in accordce with the level of the fluid metal, as it rises in e mould. For this reason the known device has not been generally adopted.

It has already been proposed to guide the stream of metal in a special way. According to this suggestion the valve cone is provided with 25 special guiding. grooves, so that the fluid metal enters the outflow opening in a deflnite direction. It follows from the peculiar construction of the valve cone, that the fluid stream is forced together again from a large cross-sectional area 30 to a small cross-sectional area, so that, owing to the transition from the large cross-section to the small cross-section. eddies occur and consequently the danger of spirting is not avoided. In the known arrangement the formation ofeddies is 5 increased owing to the fact that the transition from the conically downwardly tapering passage cross-section below the valve cone to the cylindrical outflow opening is sudden, so that behind this transition there is a contraction of the stream. 40 According to other known proposals the stream of metal is divided up by the employment ,of a. crossed bridging piece into aplurality of sepa: rate streams. This dividing up of the stream of metal has the disadvantage that the surface of .45 the stream is greatly increased, corresponding ,to the d F-iing-up, so that the contact surface with the air and consequently the absorption of oxygenalso becomes many times greater than with a single stream. In consequence thereof, in

50 the kI iOWll casting process the quality of the steel suffers. Furthermore, the solidifying and segregating conditions become unsatisfactory.

The invention is concerned with a bottom outlet with guiding surfaces in casting ladies for 65 fluid metal. in which the outflow passage beyond that the absorption of oxygen is also small.

the guiding surfaces is straight-lined; Owing to this arrangement the metal flows out in a noneddying, round stream. By this means thesurface of the stream is reduced toa minimum, so

In 5 order that already existing ladle outlets may be converted in accordance with the invention, the guiding surfaces are suitably made in the form of a separate insertion which is adapted to be subsequently inserted intothe outflow opening. Experiments have shown, that ,the guide surfaces need only be provided in the first part of the outflow and that the metal stream flowing out without eddies will continue to flow out without I eddying. Furthermore, spirting of the metal will cease as soon as there is a certain quantity of metal in the casting mould, for instance the chill mould, so that an eddyless outflow 'is ,,n0 longer essential. It is thus not necessary in making the guiding surfaces to use high quality material, more particularlyrefractory material, and they may simply be made of metal, so that they will gradually become fused during the outflow of the metal. 1

A constructional example of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 being a cross-section,

Fig. 2 a plan view of an outlet and Fig. 3 a metal guiding device. a

At the bottom of the casting ladle is disposed the outflow 2 made of moulded bricks and the refractory lining 3. The outflow 2 is closed'and v opened by the plug 4 which is actuated bymeans of a bar. A cross-shaped guiding device 5 with the guiding surfaces 6 is formed in the outflow or inserted therein. r

The metal guiding device shown in Fig. 3 consists of two pieces of sheet-metal I, connected together cross-wise. This guiding device may be made very cheaply and be inserted in any existing outflow. The internal currents and eddies of z the outflowing fluid metal will be braked by the guiding surfaces 6, so that the metal will flow out of the outflow without eddying.

It is to be noted that the mouth of the upper I portion of the outflow 2 is flared outwardly to form a. seat for the plug 4 and also for the outwardly curved upper parts of the pieces or ribs 1 of the metal guiding device 5, especially when the latter is in the form of an insert. Incidentally the-upper edges of the guiding device are of a corresponding to the adjacent curved portions of the flared seat of the outflow 2 to permit proper seating of the plug 4.

It is obvious that the guiding member may 1.

' also be made of ceramic material instead of metal.

What I claim is:- 1. In a casting ladle for metal, a ladle body having an outflow opening in the bottom thereof and a subsequently insertable guiding member arranged in the upper portion of the outflow opening, said guiding member consisting of crosswise arranged thin-walled ribs extending in the longitudinal direction of the outflow opening and in fixed relation thereto, the portion of the outflow opening below the said guiding member having straight sides and the same diameter as the upper portion.

2. In a casting ladle for metal, a ladle body having an elongated outflow opening in the bot- -tom thereof, the lower part of the opening having straight sides and of uniform diameter, the

upper part of the opening terminating in an outwardly flared mouth forming a seat adapted to-

Images