US2096188A - Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities Download PDF

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Publication number
US2096188A
US2096188A US27672A US2767235A US2096188A US 2096188 A US2096188 A US 2096188A US 27672 A US27672 A US 27672A US 2767235 A US2767235 A US 2767235A US 2096188 A US2096188 A US 2096188A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
glycerine
soap
oil
recovering
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US27672A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henry W F Lorenz
Frederick W Brown
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CHARLES H WILSON
THEODORE M SEWARDS
Original Assignee
CHARLES H WILSON
THEODORE M SEWARDS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CHARLES H WILSON, THEODORE M SEWARDS filed Critical CHARLES H WILSON
Priority to US27672A priority Critical patent/US2096188A/en
Priority to GB28134/37A priority patent/GB504117A/en
Priority to FR828022D priority patent/FR828022A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to BE424155D priority patent/BE424155A/xx
Publication of US2096188A publication Critical patent/US2096188A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
    • C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
    • C11D13/04—Continuous methods therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D19/00—Recovery of glycerol from a saponification liquor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the process and apparatus for manufacturing chemical products, e. g. soap and glycerine from oils and fats, by means of spraying chemically interactive substances into steam.
  • chemical products e. g. soap and glycerine from oils and fats
  • the object of this invention is to produce a processior bringing about chemical reactions with steam, superheated or saturated, in such a manner that the reaction product, if non-volatile, results as a more or less dry and pulverulent mass, or as a more orless dry liquid. If there are formed both volatile and non-volatile substances, the two are readily separated in the process; the general purpose being to render a chemical process more expeditious and considerably cheaper than when carried out by present methods.
  • saponifiable oils and fats can be saponified, with caustic alkali, primarily into soap and glycerine with. superheated steam.
  • the drawing illustrates schematically a preferred form, of apparatus which may be employed for carrying out our improved process.
  • the process contemplates the spraying and heating of the soap-making materials in such a manner that the water condensed from the caustic solution and from the superheated steam, the 'glycerine liberated from the oil or fat, and the small percentage of the volatile matter of an oily nature, are drawn off and collected. During the operation the proper amount of a current of superheated steam, is maintained.
  • the oil and alkali in intimate mixture or emulsion can be done by the usual methods, or by sprayingthe oil into the alkali or the alkali in the oil, etc.
  • the oil and alkali solution can be sprayed separately, in proper proportions, into the reaction chamber, in such a way that the two sprays are intimately mixed, preferably at a point of entering the chamber.
  • the resultant soap is, of course, anhydrous, and within the range .of temperatures above stated and even at temperatures considerably below said range, the anhydrous soap is in a molten or semi-liquid or even in a liquid condition. All soaps when heated to temperaturesrangingfrom 150 C. to 250 C. are dry.
  • the melting temperatures of anhydrous soap lie generally between about 200 C. and 300 C. and these melting points are dependent upon the nature of materials employed.
  • the salts of the pure fatty acids have melting points ranging from 220 C. to 270 C., and inasmuch as all com-.dorfal .soaps contain impurities and mixtures of salts of diiferent fatty acids, the anhydrous soaps have melting points at temperatures below the melting point of that ofthe highest melting. point.
  • the point at which glycerineboils at atmospheric pressure is around 290 C. We therefore preferably employ temperatures high enough to produce a distillation of all of the glycerine formed during the hydrolysis of the fatty acids.
  • the volatile oil (floating on the surface) can be readily separated from the glycerine-water solution, the latter evaporated down to any consistency required. It is also understood, that through suitable apparatus the glycerine can be evaporated down to proper concentration in'one and the same set. of apparatus.
  • An inert salt such as sodium silicate, borax,
  • sodium-perborate, sodium carbonate, trisodium dium carbonate, trisodium phosphate also other suitable additions in the form of other substances .
  • suitable additions in the form of other substances such as waxes, heavy mineral oils, can be either added to the mixture to be sprayed, before spraying, or can be sprayed into the reaction chamber separately. this substance in intimate mixture.
  • the resultant soap then contains volatile product and calcium carbonate, which ing the precipitated matter formed during the operation.
  • the process canbe applied to a large variety of chemical reactionsby thus spraying chemically reactive substances into steam, ordinary, or superheated.
  • the steam itself can be the carrier of one or more of the chemically reactive substances, with which the chemicals sprayed react.
  • the sprayed substances need not be liquids, they may be gases or solids, the latter preferably in'a flnely divided state, or colloidal in nature. Again, they may be mixtures of gases, of gases and liquids, of gases, liquids and solids solids and gases, etc.. .etc.
  • a and B are tanks, C a steam superheater, D aheating device, E a reaction chamber,
  • F a condenser and GG' and HH' pumps.
  • l is a pipe and 2
  • I, 0, I, II, II, I, I4 and 20 are valves
  • 22 is an oil burner
  • 24 a spraying device.
  • valve 6 leading-to theheating device D and exit 5 valves I are also opened, as is valve leading to the reaction chamber E.
  • Valves l0 and H on pipes I! and I8 are now opened and the pumps GG and HH started.
  • the oil and alkali are now pumped through-pipes i9 and 20 through the heater D, valves 28 and 29 being opened and so regulated that equimolecular quantities-of oil and alkali can enter through the spraying device 24, projecting into reaction chamber E as shown at 23.
  • the soap formed in chamber E can be removed through the door 2
  • 21 represents the flue extending from the steam superheater C.
  • 26 represents the inlet for the cooling water for condenser F.
  • 25 represents the outlet for same.
  • a process of producing an anhydrous soap and glycerine in a reaction chamber through which continuously flows a stream of super-heated steam which consists in spraying an unsaponified mixture of fat or oil and a caustic alkali solution in commingling relationship in'said stream of super-heated steam, thereby effecting immediate and complete saponification of the saponifiable constituents of said fat or oil and removal of the glycerine, moisture and other unsaponifiable constituents, and then recovering the anhydrous soap and glycerine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
US27672A 1935-06-21 1935-06-21 Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities Expired - Lifetime US2096188A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27672A US2096188A (en) 1935-06-21 1935-06-21 Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities
GB28134/37A GB504117A (en) 1935-06-21 1937-10-15 Improvements in process of producing an anhydrous soap and glycerine
FR828022D FR828022A (fr) 1935-06-21 1937-10-18 Perfectionnements au procédé pour la fabrication d'un savon anhydre et de glycérine
BE424155D BE424155A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1935-06-21 1937-10-19

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27672A US2096188A (en) 1935-06-21 1935-06-21 Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities
GB28134/37A GB504117A (en) 1935-06-21 1937-10-15 Improvements in process of producing an anhydrous soap and glycerine
FR828022T 1937-10-18
BE424155T 1937-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2096188A true US2096188A (en) 1937-10-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US27672A Expired - Lifetime US2096188A (en) 1935-06-21 1935-06-21 Process for manufacturing soap and for recovering unsaponifiable ingredients including glycerine, alcohols, gases, water vapors, and other impurities

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2096188A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE424155A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR828022A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB504117A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422128A (en) * 1941-08-09 1947-06-10 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process of preparing purified organic sulphonates
ITUA20162614A1 (it) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-14 Desmet Ballestra S P A In Breve Ballestra S P A Reattore metodo di saponificazione ad ugelli
ITUA20162615A1 (it) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-14 Desmet Ballestra S P A Processo di saponificazione in continuo e apparato

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114854497B (zh) * 2022-05-26 2025-02-14 江苏瑞高生物科技有限公司 废弃植物油脱除游离脂肪酸的装置及方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422128A (en) * 1941-08-09 1947-06-10 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Process of preparing purified organic sulphonates
ITUA20162614A1 (it) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-14 Desmet Ballestra S P A In Breve Ballestra S P A Reattore metodo di saponificazione ad ugelli
ITUA20162615A1 (it) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-14 Desmet Ballestra S P A Processo di saponificazione in continuo e apparato

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE424155A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1937-11-30
GB504117A (en) 1939-04-17
FR828022A (fr) 1938-05-09

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