US2095828A - Safety diaphragm - Google Patents
Safety diaphragm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2095828A US2095828A US74805A US7480536A US2095828A US 2095828 A US2095828 A US 2095828A US 74805 A US74805 A US 74805A US 7480536 A US7480536 A US 7480536A US 2095828 A US2095828 A US 2095828A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- condenser
- pressure
- safety
- safety diaphragm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/14—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
- F16K17/16—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs
- F16K17/162—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs of the non reverse-buckling-type
- F16K17/1626—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs of the non reverse-buckling-type with additional cutting means
Definitions
- This invention relates to safety diaphragms for use in connection with tanks or containers for containing fluid such as condensers for condensing steam or other iiuid discharged from a turvbine or the like.
- These safety diaphragms are -provided as a safety means to protect such tanks or containers in case the pressure to which these tanks are exposed should assume dangerous values.
- 'I'he safety diaphragm is usually in the form of a thin plate of non-metallic material which breaks or bursts in case the pressure within the tank or container reaches a certain value.
- 'I'he object of the present invention is to' provide an improved construction and arrangement of safety diaphragms whereby breaking of the diaphragm and consequently relieving the pressure in the tank to be protected is assured at a substantially fixed pressure while using a stronger, stabler and cheaper material for the diaphragm.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a safety diaphragm arrangement embodying my invention in connectionwith a mercury vapor condenser; and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 1.
- Mercury vapor condensers are used to condense mercury vapor exhausted from the last stage or stages of mercury turbines. Failure of the supply of the condensing agent, in this case water, may result in high pressures of destructive magnitude in the condenser. Often the mercury vapor is associated with other gases, for instance hydrogen, which under certain conditions may lead to explosion rendering it necessary to protect mercury vapor condensers.
- the arrangement comprises a mercury vapor condenser ID which has an open wall portion II secured to a chamber I2.
- the latter comprises van outer cylindrical wall I3 and end plates I4 and I 5 Welded to the outer cylindrical wall.
- the plate I4 is secured to the open wall portion II by a weld I6.
- the end plate I5 has an opening I1 connected to a discharge conduit I8 which may -siderably below atmospheric pressure.
- I provide a support for the central portions of the diaphragm or, from another viewpoint, for reducing movement of the diaphragm towards the condenser IIJ.
- This support is in the form of a grid 24 closely spaced'with the diaphragm and securely fastened to the end plate I4 by means of a plurality of screws 25.
- the side of the diaphragm facing the condenser engages the grid 24. If during operation the pressure in the condenser for some reason, for instance, an explosion therein, increases to a certain extent, the diaphragm is forced outward against the atmospheric pressure until it bursts.
- I provide means in the form of a knife member or members to cut open the diaphragm as it is forced outward a certain extent.
- This knife or cutting member in the present instance is in the form of a ring 2'6 slightly spaced from the left-hand or outer side of the diaphragm and secured to a shoulder formed on the holding ring 22 by an annular weld 21.
- 'I'he cutting edge of the ring adjacent the diaphragm is sharp and preferably provided with cutting teeth 28, as shown in Fig. 2.
- a safety diaphragm arrangement for mercury vapor condensers including the combination of a chamber having an open 'end plate for connection with an open wall portion of such condenser, a grid member secured to the opening in said end plate, means including e. thin metal plate on the side of the grid member facing away from the condenser to close completely said opening, a cutting element adjacent the diaphragm on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the condenser to cut open the diaphragm as the latter is forced outward in response to e.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
Description
Oct. 12, 1937. AQJ. NERAD 2,095,828 I SAFETY DIAPHRAGM Filed April 16, 1936' Figi l n E n hve'ntor: Anthony J. N vnd.,
Hi Abtor'neg.
Patented Oct. 12, 1937 UNITED STATES SAFETY DIAPHRAGM Anthony J. Nerad, Schenectady, NfY., asalgnor to General Electric Company, a corporation o! New York Application April 16, 1936, Serial No. 74,805
1 Claim.
This invention relates to safety diaphragms for use in connection with tanks or containers for containing fluid such as condensers for condensing steam or other iiuid discharged from a turvbine or the like. These safety diaphragms are -provided as a safety means to protect such tanks or containers in case the pressure to which these tanks are exposed should assume dangerous values. 'I'he safety diaphragm is usually in the form of a thin plate of non-metallic material which breaks or bursts in case the pressure within the tank or container reaches a certain value.
'I'he object of the present invention is to' provide an improved construction and arrangement of safety diaphragms whereby breaking of the diaphragm and consequently relieving the pressure in the tank to be protected is assured at a substantially fixed pressure while using a stronger, stabler and cheaper material for the diaphragm.
For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the following description and the claims appended thereto in connection with the accompanying drawing.
In the drawing, Fig. 1 illustrates a safety diaphragm arrangement embodying my invention in connectionwith a mercury vapor condenser; and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 1.
Mercury vapor condensers are used to condense mercury vapor exhausted from the last stage or stages of mercury turbines. Failure of the supply of the condensing agent, in this case water, may result in high pressures of destructive magnitude in the condenser. Often the mercury vapor is associated with other gases, for instance hydrogen, which under certain conditions may lead to explosion rendering it necessary to protect mercury vapor condensers.
Referring now more specifically to Fig. 1, the arrangement comprises a mercury vapor condenser ID which has an open wall portion II secured to a chamber I2. The latter comprises van outer cylindrical wall I3 and end plates I4 and I 5 Welded to the outer cylindrical wall. u The plate I4 is secured to the open wall portion II by a weld I6. The end plate I5 has an opening I1 connected to a discharge conduit I8 which may -siderably below atmospheric pressure.
(Cl. 22o-89) welded to a holding ring 22. The latter is securely held and tightened together with the end plate I4 by a plurality of bolts and nuts 23. The pressure vwithin the condenser is normally con- Hence, one side of the diaphragm is subject to sub-atmospheric pressure, whereas the other side of the diaphragm in the present instance is subject to atmospheric'pressure, the pressure difference tending to force the diaphragm which may have a diameter of the order of 20 inches into the open wall portion Il ofthe condenser. In order to relieve the stresses thereby set up in the diaphragm, I provide a support for the central portions of the diaphragm or, from another viewpoint, for reducing movement of the diaphragm towards the condenser IIJ. This support is in the form of a grid 24 closely spaced'with the diaphragm and securely fastened to the end plate I4 by means of a plurality of screws 25. During normal operating conditions the side of the diaphragm facing the condenser engages the grid 24. If during operation the pressure in the condenser for some reason, for instance, an explosion therein, increases to a certain extent, the diaphragm is forced outward against the atmospheric pressure until it bursts. In accordance with my invention I provide means in the form of a knife member or members to cut open the diaphragm as it is forced outward a certain extent. This knife or cutting member in the present instance is in the form of a ring 2'6 slightly spaced from the left-hand or outer side of the diaphragm and secured to a shoulder formed on the holding ring 22 by an annular weld 21. 'I'he cutting edge of the ring adjacent the diaphragm is sharp and preferably provided with cutting teeth 28, as shown in Fig. 2. With this arrangement a considerable portion of the diaphragm is cut out by the knife 21 as soon as the diaphragm is moved outward a certain distance in response to a predetermined increase in pressure in the condenser.
Having described the method of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the United States is:
A safety diaphragm arrangement for mercury vapor condensers including the combination of a chamber having an open 'end plate for connection with an open wall portion of such condenser, a grid member secured to the opening in said end plate, means including e. thin metal plate on the side of the grid member facing away from the condenser to close completely said opening, a cutting element adjacent the diaphragm on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the condenser to cut open the diaphragm as the latter is forced outward in response to e. predetermined increue in pressure in the condenser, and a ring bolted to the end plate to support the cuttina' element and to force an outer edge portion of the thm metal plate into mud-tight remtin with the end plete.
ANTHONY J. NERAD.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US74805A US2095828A (en) | 1936-04-16 | 1936-04-16 | Safety diaphragm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US74805A US2095828A (en) | 1936-04-16 | 1936-04-16 | Safety diaphragm |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2095828A true US2095828A (en) | 1937-10-12 |
Family
ID=22121786
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US74805A Expired - Lifetime US2095828A (en) | 1936-04-16 | 1936-04-16 | Safety diaphragm |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2095828A (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2461557A (en) * | 1944-04-17 | 1949-02-15 | Vico Rosario Lo | Preset pressure can for frozen foods or the like |
US2474826A (en) * | 1944-06-07 | 1949-07-05 | John H Cantlin | Quick dumping valve |
US2523068A (en) * | 1947-06-04 | 1950-09-19 | Black Sivalls & Bryson Inc | Safety head |
US2663458A (en) * | 1950-05-11 | 1953-12-22 | Jr William F Macglashan | Rupture diaphragm unit |
US2671312A (en) * | 1948-11-20 | 1954-03-09 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Device for feeding reagents to the mixing chambers of rockets |
US2856096A (en) * | 1952-02-08 | 1958-10-14 | Distillers Co Yeast Ltd | Safety devices |
US3145874A (en) * | 1962-10-22 | 1964-08-25 | James E Webb | Means for controlling rupture of shock tube diaphragms |
FR2024252A1 (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1970-08-28 | Honeywell Inc | |
FR2402816A1 (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-04-06 | Black Sivalls & Bryson Inc | PRESSURE RELEASE SAFETY DEVICE |
US4211334A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1980-07-08 | B S & B Safety Systems, Inc. | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
US4236648A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-12-02 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
US4612739A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1986-09-23 | Continental Disc Corporation | Low pressure venting panel |
US4682619A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1987-07-28 | Miner Clift | Reverse-buckling rupture disk |
US5167337A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1992-12-01 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Scored reverse buckling rupture disk assembly |
US5305775A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1994-04-26 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for preventing fragmentation of a rupture disk |
-
1936
- 1936-04-16 US US74805A patent/US2095828A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2461557A (en) * | 1944-04-17 | 1949-02-15 | Vico Rosario Lo | Preset pressure can for frozen foods or the like |
US2474826A (en) * | 1944-06-07 | 1949-07-05 | John H Cantlin | Quick dumping valve |
US2523068A (en) * | 1947-06-04 | 1950-09-19 | Black Sivalls & Bryson Inc | Safety head |
US2671312A (en) * | 1948-11-20 | 1954-03-09 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Device for feeding reagents to the mixing chambers of rockets |
US2663458A (en) * | 1950-05-11 | 1953-12-22 | Jr William F Macglashan | Rupture diaphragm unit |
US2856096A (en) * | 1952-02-08 | 1958-10-14 | Distillers Co Yeast Ltd | Safety devices |
US3145874A (en) * | 1962-10-22 | 1964-08-25 | James E Webb | Means for controlling rupture of shock tube diaphragms |
FR2024252A1 (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1970-08-28 | Honeywell Inc | |
FR2402816A1 (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-04-06 | Black Sivalls & Bryson Inc | PRESSURE RELEASE SAFETY DEVICE |
US4158422A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-06-19 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson, Inc. | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
US4211334A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1980-07-08 | B S & B Safety Systems, Inc. | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
US4236648A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-12-02 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
US4612739A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1986-09-23 | Continental Disc Corporation | Low pressure venting panel |
US4682619A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1987-07-28 | Miner Clift | Reverse-buckling rupture disk |
US5167337A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1992-12-01 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Scored reverse buckling rupture disk assembly |
US5305775A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1994-04-26 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for preventing fragmentation of a rupture disk |
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