US2095462A - Railway tie plate - Google Patents
Railway tie plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2095462A US2095462A US717131A US71713134A US2095462A US 2095462 A US2095462 A US 2095462A US 717131 A US717131 A US 717131A US 71713134 A US71713134 A US 71713134A US 2095462 A US2095462 A US 2095462A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- plate
- arm
- tie
- bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
- E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
- E01B9/306—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped plate
Definitions
- f Mynovell connecting means for resiliently cone ⁇ l ⁇ nectingthe-rail ⁇ andplate exerts pressure in a horizontal direction against "the rail base flange. Itmay also embody means for yieldingly bearing on the upper surfaceior botnupper and lower surfaces oiftherail laasefilange, for retarding or limiting the upwardfvertical movementpf ⁇ the rail-relatively to the plate ldue to wave motion of therail ⁇ under loadj l
- the 'connecting-ineans flor resiliently ⁇ holding the rail Von'the plate is preferably put under ten-j* I sion ⁇ by means of a rigid hold-down clip, ⁇ a bolt,
- Fig. 2 ⁇ isa longitudinal, vertical'sectional View 5 takeiron the line 2-2 of Fig; ⁇ 1
- Fig. 3 is a transverse," vertical section taken on a the une -3-3' of Fig. 2.
- the tie platev I0 comprisesarall seat II, transversely extending 2'0 railabutting shouldersl2, I3, end surfaces I4, I5, and a tiebearing surface I6.”
- the bottomvl as shown isgflatbut'obviously the plate bottom "may 'be'of Aany. desired configuration.
- Holes I1 are boltsfor fastening theplate to thetie. i
- the part 23 1exerts pressure, in ahorizontal direction, against the' rail basefiange edge IB.
- a rail-overhanglng member 2,3' 40 which is an integral part o1' the arm 20.
- The. arm 2li ⁇ is apertured between its ends ⁇ and a screw bolt 24 is adapted ⁇ to extend upwardly through said aperture.
- Thehead 25 of the bolt 24 is adapted to entera recess 26 formed in the ⁇ i5 and partially close said recess 23.
- the resilient arm 20 is placed over thebolt 24 and moved downwardly into the position shown in the drawings, and is held under tension by a nut 2l screwed down on the bolt 24.
- the shoulder I2 is cut away to accommodate the arm 20 between the shoulder ends 29.
- the rail engaging end 23 bears on the outer face I3 of the' rail base ilange, and retards or eliminates creeping of the rail.
- the overhanging member 23 retards vertical movement of the rail but the rail and plate connection is non-rigid and, therefore, the wave motion oi.' the rail does not lift the rigidly connected plate and tie from the roadv bed.
- the resilient arm 30 has its plate bearing end 3
- the recess 25 and the arm fastening bolt and nut 24 and 23 are identical with similarly designated parts heretofore described.
- the resilient arm 35 has a plate bearing end 35 seated on the plate end I4, against a shoulder 31. At its opposite end the arm forms a rail bearing member 33, terminating in a rail-overhanging end 39.
- the arm 35 is apertured and a screw spike 40 extends through said arm aperture and a hole in. the plateend I4, into the tie 4I, holding the resilient arm down on the plate, under tension, and also fastening the plate to the tie.
- the arm 42 has its plate bearing end 43r shaped to straddle the screw spike 40, and at its opposite end terminates in a rail bearingmember 44.
- a clip 45 between the head of the screwspike 40 and the arm 42.
- the clip is rectangular, as shown, and bears against the plate and shoulder 45 at its outer edge and on the arm 42 at its inner edge.
- the re silient arm 41 has a plate bearing end 43, seated against the shoulder 49, and on the opposite end the arm 41 is split, forming a pair, of upturned, rail bearing surfaces 50, terminating in railoverhanging ends 5i. Between the two members 50-5I is a downturned member 52 extending into a punched slot 53 in the plate I0, with the end of the part 52 beneath the edge oi the rail base flange.
- the arm 41 is held on the Plate and under tension by the screw spike or bolt 40 heretofore described.
- the resilient arm 54 has its plate bearing end 55 shaped to straiddle the screw spike 40, and at its opposite end is bent toform aL rail-overhanging member 55, and then bent downwardly to provide a rail ange bearing member 51 terminating in an end 58 located in a punched out slot 59 in the plate I0.
- the resilient arm is held under tension on the plate by the screw spike 40.
- tie plate may be f ormed in a U or L section, transversely; that is, with one or two depending flanges which have bearings against both sides -or one side of the tie, thus reducing the strain on the connection between the tie plate and the tie caused by the tendency of the rail under traillc to creep.
- fastening device 24, 25, 28, shown in Figs. 1-3 may be substituted for the devicesi 40-45 of Figs. 4-7, inclusive, and vice versa.
- Each of the spring metal arms 30 and 42 is provided with a rail engaging portion so located and formed as to normally exert non-slipping or biting bearing pressure in a horizontal direction only against a vertically disposed face of the rail base ange when the arm is under tension; such tension being produced by the engagement of the plate bearing end oi.' the arm with a rigid part of the plate and of the downward pressure of a clip, screw spike, bolt, or the like for fastening the resilient arm to the plate.
- the tie and plate maybe rigidly connected together by screw spikes or bolts, and such connection will not be disturbed by the wave motion of the rail, non-rigidly held on the plate.
- the tie plate may be provided with means for temporarily establishing a rigid connection between the plate and rail as described in Willard United States Letters Patent No. 1,854,497.
- a tie platev having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail base flange on opposite sides of said spring arm and preventing horizontal movement of the arm transversely of the plate, and fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm to exert anti-creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a horizontal direction against the outer vertical faceof the rail base' flange.
- a tie plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail base flange on opposite sides of said spring arm and preventing horizontal movement of the arm transversely of the plate, and adjustable fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm to exert controllable anti-l creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a horizontal direction against the outer vertical face of the rail base flange.
- 'A tie plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent ⁇ of contact with said rail base, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail baseiflange on opposite sides of ⁇ jacent the face ofmthe rail base flange opposite p the face engaged byfsaid spring arm, and fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm i5 i ⁇ the railfon the plate, lsaid means comprising a t to exert anti-creeping pressure through said bit-v i ⁇ 1o ⁇ ing action solely in a horizontal direction against ⁇ the outer vertical face of 'the rail base flange.
- a tie ⁇ plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail ⁇ creepingand for' holding ⁇ a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of sprmg metal arm slit longitudinally at one end and having a rail bearing portion in engagement with the outer vertical face of ⁇ therail base flange and a rail base overhanging portion normally out said spring arm and preventing horizontal move.
- fastening means connecting the arm to the plate l and restraining means forsaid arm causingthe fmso arm to ⁇ exert anti-creeping pressure solely in a face of the rail base flange.
- a tie plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retardlng rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, saidvmeans comprising .arm causing ⁇ the arms to exert i horizontal direction against the outer vertical spring metal arms each having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the s outer vertical faces of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacenty said ⁇ outer vertical facesof the railbase flange on opposite sides of said spring arms ⁇ and preventing horizontal movement of the arms transversely of the plate, and fastening means connecting the arms to the plate and restraining means for said anti-creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a outer vertical faces of the rail base flange.
- a tie plate having a rail seat and provided ⁇ with means for retarding rail creeping and forv holding a rail centered on'the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the'rail on the plate, ⁇ said means comprising'a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face ofthe rail base flange, shoulders.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
0st. 12, 1937. "(5.V T. wlLLARD I K 2,095,462
` RAILWAY TIE PLATE Filed Maren 24, 1934` 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented oci. 12, 19:47`
` .ellenica u ltAmwAy 'rm PLA'rE .Y vGeorge"rlnmipsnn.wiunra, sumas, Mu.
AppucntionMarcnze, lssafserial Nn.71'1, 131
e claims. fwn; zat-geni) l Thisinventionf-relates to` railway tie plates. f The `nbject of the invention isto` pro-duce a tie plate providedwith .means for; resiliently holding the railonjthe'plate by exerting yielding i pressure. on the outervertical `faces of the rail basefiiange Rail "creepingis `thus retarded or eliminated `without" *rigidly `connecting u the frail andplatetog'ether. :"Rigidfconnection of the rail` and plate is objectionable because of the tend ency to lift the tie from its bedlby the waveniotion of the frailuhder load when the rail, plate and tie arefrigidlyi'connected together.'
Tie plates" embodying" my invention `may,
rigidly fastenedto'the ties by meansioi screw spikeso'r boltswhich reduce mechanical `wear on the tie." l
" f Mynovell connecting means for resiliently cone `l` nectingthe-rail `andplate exerts pressure in a horizontal direction against "the rail base flange. Itmay also embody means for yieldingly bearing on the upper surfaceior botnupper and lower surfaces oiftherail laasefilange, for retarding or limiting the upwardfvertical movementpf `the rail-relatively to the plate ldue to wave motion of therail` under loadj l The 'connecting-ineans flor resiliently `holding the rail Von'the plate is preferably put under ten-j* I sion `by means of a rigid hold-down clip, `a bolt,
ing'l the `iinishing process.
. i aI-lscrewspike orother means which may ,bead-` justable as `to'ihleigl'it and pressure relatively` `to the` resilient connection. Resilient connections may be used on one or bothfsides ofthe rail base.
t The connectingfrneansbetweenuthetie plate `andltlie rail is movable verticallywitl'i therail,
but*` substantiallyv confined 'against horizontal movement with the creepingfof 4the rail Vby lugs or" shc'iulders,-` formed 1on the top surface of the tie plateadjac'entto the rail b`a`sejedges.V TheseV l lugs 'or shoulders `may beformed integrally Awith tneplatein the rollingof the tieplate or durconnecting means between `the ne plate andthe Arail ismovable verticallyiwith the rail but "holds the rail under downward ywellas horizontal pressure.` u u nection between the tie" plate andthe rail may l 4This yielding yconbeW used "on either one side or both sides ofthe rail base ange. f Whenthe'sprng connection is` used on 'one sidefof` the rail baseiiange the op posite `edgei'of` the rail basefiange will be in en" f gagement eitherwith` a substantially vertical high shoulder or a shoulder that `rises 9 above andis i turnedover-to overhangthe rail base ilange, but spaced therefrom` tov allow-the free vertical-movement ofthe Vrail wave `motion` under rollingloads, u
pressure as In-the drawings: i j f" Fig. l'is a planl view of atie plate provided withA rail engaging means embodying my inven# tion.
Fig. 2` isa longitudinal, vertical'sectional View 5 takeiron the line 2-2 of Fig;` 1
Fig. 3 is a transverse," vertical section taken on a the une -3-3' of Fig. 2.
withmodined rail engaging meanseinbodying myA 1o ing other modications of the invention. 15
-;:F`1g.f7 iS"a longitudinal, verticalsection.` taken nnthe11ne1L1nf Fig. s. t Referring t0 that embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, the tie platev I0 comprisesarall seat II, transversely extending 2'0 railabutting shouldersl2, I3, end surfaces I4, I5, and a tiebearing surface I6."` The bottomvl as shown isgflatbut'obviously the plate bottom "may 'be'of Aany. desired configuration.` Holes I1 are boltsfor fastening theplate to thetie. i
provided for the `reception of screw spikes? or 25 l 4'Jl'he railbase flange has vertical outer faces Y u I8, I9, which'abut` theshoulders I2, I3, krespectively.,`` u j For purposes of` illustration, Vtwoiorms or rail 3o engaging means are-shown infconnection with the plateof Figs.l 1V and 2. On'the left hand side, the` resilient arm v2l) `ofspring metal vis provided with a1downwardlycurved plate bearing `end 2| l arrangedto seat infattralnsverse slot or recess 35 22,1in theplate end `I4,and at its opposite end is providedwith arailengagingportion 23. `The part 23 1exerts pressure, in ahorizontal direction, against the' rail basefiange edge IB. u Just above the part 23 is a rail-overhanglng member 2,3' 40 which is an integral part o1' the arm 20. The. arm 2li` is apertured between its ends` and a screw bolt 24 is adapted `to extend upwardly through said aperture. Thehead 25 of the bolt 24 is adapted to entera recess 26 formed in the `i5 and partially close said recess 23. The resilient arm 20 is placed over thebolt 24 and moved downwardly into the position shown in the drawings, and is held under tension by a nut 2l screwed down on the bolt 24.
The shoulder I2 is cut away to accommodate the arm 20 between the shoulder ends 29. When the parts have been assembled into .the positions shown, and the arm 20 is under tension, the rail engaging end 23 bears on the outer face I3 of the' rail base ilange, and retards or eliminates creeping of the rail. The overhanging member 23 retards vertical movement of the rail but the rail and plate connection is non-rigid and, therefore, the wave motion oi.' the rail does not lift the rigidly connected plate and tie from the roadv bed.
Referring now to the form of connecting means shown at the right hand side of Figs. 1 and 2, the resilient arm 30 has its plate bearing end 3| seated on the plate end I5, against a transverse shoulder 32. Its opposite end is split, forming a pair of rail engaging ends 33, and a rail-overhanging member 34 between the ends 33. The recess 25 and the arm fastening bolt and nut 24 and 23 are identical with similarly designated parts heretofore described.
` Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, for purposes of il-` lustration two forms of rail and plate connecting means are shown on one tie plate. At vthe left, the resilient arm 35 has a plate bearing end 35 seated on the plate end I4, against a shoulder 31. At its opposite end the arm forms a rail bearing member 33, terminating in a rail-overhanging end 39. The arm 35 is apertured and a screw spike 40 extends through said arm aperture and a hole in. the plateend I4, into the tie 4I, holding the resilient arm down on the plate, under tension, and also fastening the plate to the tie.
At the right hand side of the Figures 4 and 5 the arm 42 has its plate bearing end 43r shaped to straddle the screw spike 40, and at its opposite end terminates in a rail bearingmember 44. In this form I preferably use a clip 45 between the head of the screwspike 40 and the arm 42. The clip is rectangular, as shown, and bears against the plate and shoulder 45 at its outer edge and on the arm 42 at its inner edge.
At the left hand side of Figs. 6 and 7 the re silient arm 41 has a plate bearing end 43, seated against the shoulder 49, and on the opposite end the arm 41 is split, forming a pair, of upturned, rail bearing surfaces 50, terminating in railoverhanging ends 5i. Between the two members 50-5I is a downturned member 52 extending into a punched slot 53 in the plate I0, with the end of the part 52 beneath the edge oi the rail base flange. The arm 41 is held on the Plate and under tension by the screw spike or bolt 40 heretofore described.
At the right hand side of Figs. 6 and 7 the resilient arm 54 has its plate bearing end 55 shaped to straiddle the screw spike 40, and at its opposite end is bent toform aL rail-overhanging member 55, and then bent downwardly to provide a rail ange bearing member 51 terminating in an end 58 located in a punched out slot 59 in the plate I0. The resilient arm is held under tension on the plate by the screw spike 40.
'Ihe tie plate may be f ormed in a U or L section, transversely; that is, with one or two depending flanges which have bearings against both sides -or one side of the tie, thus reducing the strain on the connection between the tie plate and the tie caused by the tendency of the rail under traillc to creep.
The form of fastening device 24, 25, 28, shown in Figs. 1-3 may be substituted for the devicesi 40-45 of Figs. 4-7, inclusive, and vice versa.
Each of the spring metal arms 30 and 42, is provided with a rail engaging portion so located and formed as to normally exert non-slipping or biting bearing pressure in a horizontal direction only against a vertically disposed face of the rail base ange when the arm is under tension; such tension being produced by the engagement of the plate bearing end oi.' the arm with a rigid part of the plate and of the downward pressure of a clip, screw spike, bolt, or the like for fastening the resilient arm to the plate. Thus the tie and plate maybe rigidly connected together by screw spikes or bolts, and such connection will not be disturbed by the wave motion of the rail, non-rigidly held on the plate.
The tie plate may be provided with means for temporarily establishing a rigid connection between the plate and rail as described in Willard United States Letters Patent No. 1,854,497.
Changes may be made in details of construction without departing from' the scope of' my invention and Ido not intend to be limited to the exact form shown and' described, except as set forth in the appended claims.
I claim:-
l. A tie platevhaving a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail base flange on opposite sides of said spring arm and preventing horizontal movement of the arm transversely of the plate, and fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm to exert anti-creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a horizontal direction against the outer vertical faceof the rail base' flange.
2. A tie plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail base flange on opposite sides of said spring arm and preventing horizontal movement of the arm transversely of the plate, and adjustable fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm to exert controllable anti-l creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a horizontal direction against the outer vertical face of the rail base flange.
3. 'A tie plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, said means comprising a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent `of contact with said rail base, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail baseiflange on opposite sides of` jacent the face ofmthe rail base flange opposite p the face engaged byfsaid spring arm, and fastening means connecting the arm to the plate and restraining means for said arm causing the arm i5 i `the railfon the plate, lsaid means comprising a t to exert anti-creeping pressure through said bit-v i `1o` ing action solely in a horizontal direction against `the outer vertical face of 'the rail base flange.
p 4. A tie` plate having a rail seat and provided with means for retarding rail `creepingand for' holding `a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of sprmg metal arm slit longitudinally at one end and having a rail bearing portion in engagement with the outer vertical face of` therail base flange and a rail base overhanging portion normally out said spring arm and preventing horizontal move.
` mentof` the arm transversely of the plate, and
fastening means connecting the arm to the plate l and restraining means forsaid arm causingthe fmso arm to `exert anti-creeping pressure solely in a face of the rail base flange.
1 5. A tie platehaving a rail seat and provided with means for retardlng rail creeping and for holding a rail centered on the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the rail on the plate, saidvmeans comprising .arm causing `the arms to exert i horizontal direction against the outer vertical spring metal arms each having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the s outer vertical faces of the rail base flange, shoulders upstanding from said plate adjacenty said `outer vertical facesof the railbase flange on opposite sides of said spring arms `and preventing horizontal movement of the arms transversely of the plate, and fastening means connecting the arms to the plate and restraining means for said anti-creeping pressure through said biting action solely in a outer vertical faces of the rail base flange.
t 6. A tie plate having a rail seat and provided `with means for retarding rail creeping and forv holding a rail centered on'the seat while permitting limited movement in a vertical direction of the'rail on the plate, `said means comprising'a spring metal arm having a rail bearing portion in engagement with and biting into the outer vertical face ofthe rail base flange, shoulders. upstanding `from said plate adjacent said outer vertical face of the rail base flange on opposite sides of said spring arm and preventinghorizontal movement of the arm transversely of the plate, a clip having bearing on said plate' and said spring arm, and an adjustable fastening device `bearing on the clip `and connecting the armto rthe plate and restraining means forsaid arm causing the arm to exert anti-creeping pres- :sure through said biting action solelyin a hori- GEORGE THOMPSON WILLARD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US717131A US2095462A (en) | 1934-03-24 | 1934-03-24 | Railway tie plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US717131A US2095462A (en) | 1934-03-24 | 1934-03-24 | Railway tie plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2095462A true US2095462A (en) | 1937-10-12 |
Family
ID=24880824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US717131A Expired - Lifetime US2095462A (en) | 1934-03-24 | 1934-03-24 | Railway tie plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2095462A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2434579A (en) * | 1944-04-03 | 1948-01-13 | George W Muller | Rail retaining and spike fastening means |
| DE1208325B (en) * | 1960-04-29 | 1966-01-05 | George Molyneux | Device for fastening rails on a support |
| US3378200A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-04-16 | William C. Mccormick | Rail clip |
| US4569478A (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1986-02-11 | Dayco Corporation | Rail fastening system |
-
1934
- 1934-03-24 US US717131A patent/US2095462A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2434579A (en) * | 1944-04-03 | 1948-01-13 | George W Muller | Rail retaining and spike fastening means |
| DE1208325B (en) * | 1960-04-29 | 1966-01-05 | George Molyneux | Device for fastening rails on a support |
| US3378200A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-04-16 | William C. Mccormick | Rail clip |
| US4569478A (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1986-02-11 | Dayco Corporation | Rail fastening system |
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