US2094032A

US2094032A - Fuse for bombs

Info

Publication number: US2094032A
Application number: US69854A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hermann H Zornig
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1936-03-20
Filing date: 1936-03-20
Publication date: 1937-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 1954-09-28

Description

Sept. 28, 1937.

H. H. ZORNIG FUSE FOR BOMBS Filed March 20, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor HErmann 11-2w v MW Law HI.) H. ZQRNIG 2,094,032

FUSE FOR BOMBS Sept. 28, 1937.

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 20, 1956 Hermann l-Lzmrnig- Attorney Sept. 28, 1937. H. H. ZORNIG V 2,094,032

FUSE FOR BOMBS Filed March 20, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inve'ntnr HErmaTu-L 1-1.zmn1g Patented Sept. 28, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FUSE FOR BOIWBS Hermann H. Zornig, United States Army, Newhall, Iowa Application March 20, 1936, Serial No. 69,854

5 Claims.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.

This invention relates to a fuse for a bomb.

In dropping bombs from low-flying aircraft it is desirable that the bomb remain in flight and the fuse remain unarmed until such time as the aircraft has gained suflficient distance from the place of impact to assure its safety from the effects of the explosion. The delay in flight is obtained by providing the bomb with some form of parachute.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a timing mechanism for controlling delayed arming of a fuse and also for controlling a firing mechanism after a predetermined interval of time.

A further object is to provide an arrangement wherein a single spring is adapted to actuate a hammer and the delay arming mechanism.

With the foregoing and other objects in View, the invention resides in the novel arrangement and combination of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed. it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view with parts in elevation of a fuse constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figs 2 and 3 .are sectional views on the corresponding lines of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary viewv with parts in side elevation and parts in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Figs. 5 to 8 are sectional views on the corresponding lines of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference there is shown a bomb 5 (Fig. 1) having a threaded opening for attachment of a fuse body 6. The fuse body carries a booster charge 1 and a booster lead 8 which is contained in a tube 9 positioned axially of the body and extending forwardly to a transverse passage I0 having one end closed by a plug H.

A cylindrical slide l2 mounted in the passage l0 and adapted to be moved to armed position by a spring l2a (Fig. 4) carries a detonator l3 and has a flattened side l4 engaged by the tube 9 and held thereby against rotational displacement. The slide is normally held in safe position with the detonator i3 out of line with the booster lead 8 by means of an arming bolt l5 (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) extending through the fuse body transversely of the slide and engaging a shoulder I6 of the slide. A spring ll acting on the head l8 at one end of the bolt normally tends to eject the bolt from the fuse body. The bolt is held against the action of the spring by means of a washer I9 mounted on the other end of the bolt outside the fuse body and retained by a cotter pin 20 during storage and by an .arming wire 2| passing through the bolt when the bomb is placed in the rack of an aircraft. The arming wire is part of a conventional launching apparatus and is withdrawn from the bolt when the bomb is dropped.

The forward part of the fuse body 6 is formed With a large chamber 22 (Fig. 1) for receiving timing, firing and slide control mechanisms. These mechanisms are carried in a frame consisting of an inner plate 23, a center plate 24 and an outer plate 25 spaced by means of tubular separators 26. When the frame is inserted in the chamber 22 the inner plate rests on the floor thereof and the outer plate is at the forward edge of the fuse body.

A firing pin 21 disposed axially of the fuse extends through all of the plates of the frame and is normally in the position shown in Fig. 1, with its outer end projecting from the outer plate 25 and its inner end projecting through the inner plate 23 and through a passage 28 in the fuse body leading to the passage I 0. The firing pin is held in the normal safe position by a spring 29 confined between the inner side of a collar 30 on the firing pin and a cup 3| in the inner plate 23. Movement of the firing pin under the influence of the spring is limited by a hammer 32 which is mounted on a pivot pin 33 between cheeks 34-34 fixed between the inner plate 23 and center plate 24, and has one arm 35 positioned between the outer side of the collar 30 and the center plate 24.

The extremity of the arm 35 (Figs. 1, 2 and. 4) rests in a notch 36 of .a bolt 31 which is pivotally mounted between cheeks 38-38 fixed between the inner and center plates. A pin 39 on the bolt projects through an elongated slot 40 (Fig. 8) inthe center plate and is engaged by an arm 4| of a latch 42 which is pivotally mounted in the center plate and has another arm 43 which is arranged to be releasably held by the barrel 52 of the timing mechanism as will be described hereinafter. The other'arm 44 (Fig. .2 of the hammer is engaged by acoil spring 45 normally I I and having its outer end, engaging a shoulder 49 formed on a sleeve'fvfifixed on a shaft; 5| extending through the inner plate 23 and center plates I 24 of-the. frame.

' the'conventional manner to, control movement of the barrel 52. 7

The timing mechanism is positioned between, the centerplate 24' and outer plate 25 and will be but briefly described as its major differences from I a conventional clock-work are covered in a separate application.

53' which is seated on the center plate 2 and through which the firing pin passes.

with a ring gear 5 g A sleeve 58 rotatably mounted on the spindle carriesa pinion, 59 which meshes with an idler 6B which in turn meshes with. the ring gear 51.

The arbor El of the idler is mounted in a seg mental plate 62 carried by some of the tubular I is. fixed the segmental plate GZand outer plate 25 engages the teeth of the escapement wheel 63 and has an arm 55 engaging a slot 61 in a balance wheelBB,

The balance wheelis fixed to, a sleeve 69 rotatably mounted on the spindle on-the outer side of the sleeve 58; The escapement functions in A winding gear wheel 10' is fixed on the outer end of the spindle directly underneath the outer plate 25 which is provided with an aperture H for insertion of a winding key (not shown). The winding gear wheel 10 is held against counterclockwise movement by means of a pawl 12 (Fig. 5) and pawl spring 13 both carried by the outer plate 25.

The inner end of the barrel 52 is provided with a recess 14 (Fig. 4) for receiving alocking pin 15 constituting an arm of a lever and fixed on the outer end of a shaft 16 which extends through the center plate 24 and inner plate 23 inside the periphery of the barrel. An arm 11 on the inner end of the shaft is disposed in a cavity 18 in the fuse body and normally bears against the bolt l5 whereby the shaft 16 is held against rotation and the pin 15 holds the barrel against action of the main spring. The barrel is not released until the bolt is ejected upon launching the bomb. As clearly shown in Fig. 4 the arm 43 of the latch bears against the rim of the barrel adjacent the recess 14 and is held by the barrel.

The outer end of the shaft 5| (Figs. 2 and 4) carries a lever arm 19 having a upright finger bearing against the rim of the barrel. The inner end of the shaft 5| extends into a cavity 8| (Fig. 3) in the fuse body and carries a lever arm 82 inserted in an annular groove 83 in a bolt 84. The bolt is slidably mounted in a passage 85 and is normally held at the inner end of the passage with a reduced pin 86 projecting into the path of movement of the slide l2 and holding the slide in the unarmed position with the detonator l3 out of line with the firing pin. The hammer Itccmprises a barrel 52' (Fig. 1) rotatably mounted on a hollow spindle A spiral .ma'in' spring 5 1 within the barrel has its outer VI end connected to a'hook-55 on the'barrel audits inner end is connected toa pin 56 carried by the spindle. The outer end of the barrel is provided I spring 45 acting through the lever 46 021 the sleeve 50 normally holds the leverarm 19against the barrel and tends to move the lever arm .82 to withdraw the bolt 84 from thepath of the slide l2. g

mechanism which is covered in a separate application and will be but briefly described. The fuse head is formed with acentral passage 88 which'is in communication with a flared recess I 89 in the inner side of the head and a cylindrical. l I I n I I I recess 90 in the outer side of thehead ,A ball "9i in'the' passage isseated on the firing-pin 2'! I and on a valve spring 92 carried by a cup93 fixed I in the fuse head. I

" A striker '94 with. a large impact plate 95 on its outer end has its inner end engaging the ball9l and carries a rocker plate 96 laterally. confined by the'walls of the recess '90 and retained by a cap Ql on the end of the fuse head. On impact the striker will be directly driven into the fuse or caused topivot about an edge of the rocker plate and thereby actuate the firing pin. p

The parts of the fuse are in the normal safe 7 position shown in Figs. LA with the arming bolt i5 and'the bolt 86 both holding thedetonator slide in unarmed position. I The arming bolt I5 also prevents movement of the timing mechanism through the instrumentalityof the lever l5-l5-ll. When the bomb is placed in the bomb rack of an aircraft preparatory to being launched the arming wire 2 I is applied to the l I I n I arming bolt i5 and the cotter pin28 removed.

1 Upon launching the bomb the arming wire 2| is withdrawn and the spring I! immediately. 1 I

ejects the arming bolt l5 from the-fuse body the slide now beingsolely held by the control mecha- I nism '59, 5|, 82, 85. The arm l! is no longer opposed by the arming bolt l5 and the barrel 52 of the timing mechanism commences to be rotated in a clockwise direction under the influence of the main spring 54 and rot-ates the locking pin 15 until it is clear of the recess 14 in the barrel.

The rotation of the barrel is controlled by the escapement in the conventional manner and in the present example the barrel makes one revolution in ten seconds. When the barrel has moved one-third of a revolution corresponding to a time interval of three and one-third seconds, the P recess I4 of the barrel is opposite the finger 80 of the lever arm 19 which is moved through the recess because the shaft 51 is now free to be rotated by the hammer spring 45. During such rotation of the shaft, the lever arm 82 on its lower end withdraws the bolt 84 from the path of the slide [2 which is now moved by its spring [2a to an armed position with the detonator l3 in line with the firing pin 21 and booster lead 8. The movement of the lever is arrested when the bolt is brought up against the outer end of its passage.

The fuse is now armed after the lapse of three and one-third seconds from the time of launching opposite the upright end of the latch arm 43 which heretofore has been bearing against the barrel to restrain the latch 42 and now moves through the recess 14. Since the latch is now released it no longer opposes the pin 39 on the bolt 37 and the latter is immediately rotated by the arm 44 of the hammer 32 under the action of the hammer spring 45. The hammer drives the firing pin 27 into the detonator I3 to explode the charge.

I claim.

1. In a fuse, a casing, a timing mechanism in the casing and including a barrel, a slide mounted for movement transversely of the casing, a spring for moving the slide, a bolt in the path of movement of the slide, a lever for moving the bolt and having an arm engaging the barrel and held thereby for a predetermined time after starting of the timing mechanism, a spring for moving the lever when released by the timing mechanism, and a firing hammer under the influence of said spring.

2. In a fuse, a frame having a plate with a slot, a timing mechanism in the frame including a barrel, a firing pin extending through the frame, a pivoted hammer engaging the firing pin, a rotatably mounted bolt having a notch for seatin the extremity of the hammer, a spring acting on the hammer and holding it in engagement with the bolt and firing pin, a pin on the bolt extending through the slot in the plate of the frame, a latch pivotally mounted on the plate having one arm engaging the pin on the bolt and having another ar'm engaging the barrel of the timing mechanism, and released therefrom after a predetermined interval.

3. In a fuse, a casing, a timing mechanism in the casing, a firing pin in the casing, a pivoted hammer engaging the firing pin, a rotatably mounted bolt having a notch for seating the extremity of the hammer, a spring acting on the hammer and holding it in engagement with the bolt and firing pin, and a latch controlled by the timing mechanism and controlling rotation of the bolt.

4. In a fuse, a casing, a firing pin in the casing, a slide carrying an explosive element adapted to be set off by the firing pin, a. timing mechanism in the casing, a lever controlling release of the slide and controlled by the timing mechanism, a hammer for actuating the firing pin, a spring common to the lever and hammer, and means controlled by the timing mechanism and controlling release of the hammer.

5. In a fuse, a casing, a firing pin in the casing, a slide carrying an explosive element adapted to be set ofi by the firing pin, a timing mechanism in the casing, a lever controlling release of the slide and controlled by the timing mechanism, a hammer for actuating the firing pin, and a spring common to the lever and hammer.

HERMANN H. ZORNIG.