US2091735A - Sprayer - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 31, v1937. l. JEPsN SPRAYER Filed Dec. 16, 1936 Patented i Aug. -31, 1937 UNITED. STATES PATENT oFFi-ca SPRAVYER Ivar Jepson, Chicago, Ill., asaignor. to Chicago V Flexible Shaft Company, Chicago. lll., 001'-, I

poration oi' Illinois Application December 1s, 193e, serial No. 116,082

s claims.

This invention relates to, spraying'devlces and hasspecial reference to a portable liquid sprayer of ,novel characteristics.

An important object of the invention is the provision of a hand sprayer having improved structural characteristics directed to economy in manufacture and dependability and convenience in use.

Another object of the invention is the -prol vision -of a. device ofthe character described having improved means for filling and relling the same.

Astill further object of the invention is the 'provision of a sprayer having improved valve structure.

a sprayer having an improved pump for develo ing spraying pressure "on the liquid.

Other objects and advantages will become ap` 2 0 parent from the following description and the accompanying drawing, in Which- Figure 1 is a vertical section through a sprayer embodying myfinvention;

Fig..2'is a section on the line 2-2 ofFlgure 1;

Figi- 3 is a .section on the line 3-3 of Figure l; Fig. 4v is 4 an enlarged longitudinal. section through the vlower end of. Vthe pump;

Fig. 5^is`a', section on the line-5 5 of Figure 1, and` o Fig. 6 is a section ontho une :tts of 4.

A.The embodiment of the inventionl herein shown ls intended primarilyfor the purpose of .spraying clothes to dampen the same prior to ironing, butit will be understood that the' invention Yis .35 by no meanslimited `to this particular applicavtio'n and the features thereof may be--embodied in spraying devices for numerous purposes. This embodiment" includes a vessel having side walls 1,

inI this. instance of 'cylindrical cross-section ta- 4'0 pering inwardly from bottom to top'as shown in Figure 1', a bottom 8, and an open top 9. The side wallsare constricted adjacent the open top Ato provide a threaded neck portion I l and atrans-A ,yerseannular ring i2 for a purpose presently to '45, bedescribed. The: vessel is 'in this instance.

formed'of sheet metal and the vbottoni Bis in sertedginto the bottom eno of the oynndrioal side wal1s`1.. and welded or otherwise ailixed theretol as-'shown -at I3 so as to'be water and air tight.'

ofThe bottoml 8 slopes upwardtoward the longi vtudinal `center line of the vessel in the manner of 1 a 'cone and has an upwardlyextending cylindrical 'flange I4 at the center screw threaded .on itsinner surface for the reception of the threaded 55 end l5 of a plug or closure designatedgenerally Another aim of the invention is the provision of by the numeral is.' 'me bottom s also has small j openings I1. andI I8 adjacent the ilangel4. vThe plug I6 has' a cone-shaped face i8 complemental #to the curvature of the lbottom 8 adapted for the reception of a gasket 2| in'such manner'that 5 when the plugy I8 vis screwed into thetlange 'I4 by means of a wing 22, the portion 8 will press the gasket 2| ilrmly against the bottom closingv the openings I1 and I8 as well asthe main opening dened by theilange I4. 10

T'he neck portion Il is .threaded on its outer surface for the reception of a body portion des'- .ignated generally by the numeral 23 which is the provision of a cast bodyl member as shown in Figure 1 uponwhich the remainder of the sprayer is assembled in such manner as to materially'25 :simplify and reduce the cost of construction and at the same time to enhance the efdciency thereof.

The body member 23 has a centrally disposed bore within which a pump cylinder 21` has'a press fit, the cylinder projecting slightly beyond the upper l0 side of the body as shown at 28 and being screw threaded on its outer -surface for the reception -of a cap 28 which abuts against the upper end of thebody and acts as a closure for the pump cylinder, the cap having openings-8| -for'the 35 passage `of air into the cylinder. The body has a channel 32 extending through the nozzlesupf port 25 and communicating with an annular recess. of the central bore. A channel 84 connects the annular recess to a laterally disposed 40 bore 35 into which also terminates abore -36 extending to the' interior of the vessel, the bore 86 being extended downward by a pipe 31 which has a pressy nt inthe lower surface oi the body mem-` ber'and terminates adjacent the junction ofthe 45 sidewalls 1 and bottom 8 on the side of the4 j vessel beneath the nozzle support. 25. The lower end ofthe pipe 3 1 has a cup-like flange 88 ar' ranged to support a ne screen' (Flg.-53) to prevent *the passage of large .particles o! solids 50 into the`pipe. The bore l35 provides at valve chamber opening into a recess 4I inl the handle and has a sleeve .42 threaded therein which serves to 'confine and clamp a valve diaphragm 48 at its l edges. The diaphragm 43 may be made 'of any 55 resilient or ilexible material suitable for the purpose herein disclosed, though I prefer to use rubberized canvas or one of the various forms of composition packing, a suitable form being Garlock" No. 7561 packing. An annular recess 44 is formed in the end of the bore 85 to-provide an annular shoulder 45 for the purpose of retaining the diaphragm at its annulus, a washer 48 being positioned between the end of the sleeve 42 vand the packing for this purpose. 'Ihe recess 44 also provides an upraised shoulder 41 around the bore 34 for sealing contact oi' the diaphragm 48.- A

' pin 48 is slidably positioned within .the sleeve 42v with its inner end positioned to bear against the diaphragm in such manner that when forced inward to the extremityof its movement the end of the pin urges the diaphragm against the shoulders 41 so as to prevent the flow of liquid. between the channels 34 and 38. The.outer end of the Din 48 is recessed as shown at 48 for the reception of the slotted end 5I of a` lever designated generally by the numeral 52. The end of the Vlever has a slot 53 within whi'ch the portion of 'the pin 48. of reduced diameter is receivable so that upon .25 tilting movement of the lever the end thereof will abut against either side of the slot 48 so as to urge the pin 48 inward or outward. The lever 52 is rotatably carried on a pin 54 which is positioned in the sides of the recess 4| through ears 55, the` pin 54 Vbeing positioned therein at a point below the longitudinal center line of the pin 48 so that when the right hand end of the lever 52 facing Figure 1 is urged upward by means of a spring 56, the pin 48 is urged inward to prevent the ilow of liquid between the channels, and when the lever is manually depressed by the vthumb .45 cates with the channel 32 is a spray tip 62 comprising a cylinder loosely received in the bore 58 and having a plurality of helical grooves 83 on'lts outer surface for the passage of fluid to ,impart suitable directional characteristics thereto,

50 Positioned within the pump cylinder 21 is a plunger mechanism including a 'plunger rod 84.

having a knob 65 attached t the upper end thereof and adapted to be reciprocated from above the body member for the purpose of pumping a small 55 amount of air into the vessel and thus placing a pressure upon the liquid therein. A coiled spring 88 is positioned on the rod 84 in a position to cushion the movement of the plunger at the,

upper end of its stroke. Adjacent the lower end 60- of the rod 64 is an annular collar 81 (Fig. 4) -ilxed to the plunger and a gasket 88 which bears against the lower side of the collar, the. plunger being slightly reduced in diameter atthis point to 'provide a shoulder 69. A plunger head 1| is posi- 65 ltioned on the rod below the gasket68 and has a bore 12 somewhat larger than the rod for the passage of air on the junction therebetween. The body is retained thereon by means of a nut 1 8 at the lower end of the rod. The piston head car- 70 riesv the usual sealing leather 14 retained on the head by means of a washer 15 which is in turn held in position by an upset portion 18 on the head. When the plunger rod 64 is reciprocated,` the nut 13 serves to draw the plunge` head up- :5 Ward upon' the upward movementof the rod permating air to' pass :rem the upper ende: the cylinder to the lower e'nd.` Upon the initial downward movement of the, plunger rod the compressed.

The lower end of the pump cylinder 21 carries a transverse wall 11 having a centrally disposed opening 18 within which is positioned a pin 18 having heads 8| and 82 on opposite `ends thereof.

'I'he head 82 carries a gasket 83 ladapted to bear against the lower side of the end 11 so as to cover the openingl 18, and a spring spider 84 acts between the bottom 11L and thehead 8| to normallyv urge the valve formed by these-elements into the closed position as shown in Fig. 4. It will be seen that upon downward movement of l the plunger and the associated compression of air in the lower part` of the cylinder, the valve will be forced vopen by the increase of. pressure against the tension of the spring 84, thereby allowing passage of a'ir out of the pump cylinder into the vessel. It will further be observed that the opening 18 will be closed immediately, upon the reduc tion of pressure within the cylinder toa .predetermined point, thus preventing the entrance of i liquid into the cylinder from the vessel. J

In operation, the sprayer is inverted,.-.-the plug I8 removed and liquid is introduced into the vessel until filled to the level of the'openi'ngs I1 and I8. During this operation the central threaded opening defined by the flange I4 and the holes I1 and I8 cooperate functionally in that the liquid passes in through .the central opening and air out through thefiopenings I1 and I8. holes also serve an additional function in defining the proper maximum level of liquid in the container and cooperate with the sloping bottom wall 8 in retaining a suillcient amount' of air space in the vessel to permit vof the proper application of pressure thereto. When lled, the plug I6 is re-inserted and tightened,

the sprayer is placed on its base and the handle 85 is reciprocated, causing air to be drawn through the openings 3|, pass throughthe pump cylinder and throughv the valve opening 18 at the bottom thereof intol the vessel, thus generating Va sufficient head of air pressure at the top of the vessel. WithY the sprayer in this condition, depression of the lever 12- by the thumb of the operators hand in which the sprayer is carried serves to withdraw thel pin 48, whereby the pressure of liquid passing upward through the tube 81 and the channel 36 causes the diaphragm to be nioved away from the end of the channel 34 so that the liquid may ilow from the channel 38 to the channel 84, thence through the annular recess 38, the channel 32 and out through the orifice 8| from whichI it emerges under considerable pressure causing a very fine spray or mist.

When the lever 52 is released, the flow of liquid' ceases by action of the pin 48 forcing the diaphragm against the shoulder 41.

Attention is directed to the simplicity of construction which makes itfpossible to manufacture the Vsprayer at very Small cost. The entire mechanism is carried on a cast metal body portion 23 which is bored to provide suitable channels, the nozzle support 25 and handle 26 being cast integral and forming a part of the body member. By this means the operating parts including the pump and the diaphragm valve may be assem- These r 76 therein and to provide foraccess to'v the valve chamber `oninstallation and replacement of the bled as a unit, and thereafter thevv'essel sus- "pended from the body member. The pump is positioned in the center of the body member and passes therethrough so as to provide a long stroke on the .pump which extends through a greater portion of the height of the sprayer. It

will be observed that the top of the body is -recessed to provide for receiving the operating lever and also for providingaccess to the chamber in which the movable valve member is4 being positively actuated into a closing position i by operation of the lever 52 and being moved to the open position by the pressure on the liquid. Attention is further directed to the construction of the pump plunger, particularly in the arrangement between the rod and the head whereinthe rod moves a short distance with respect to the head at the end of the stroke.7 -Through this arrangement the plunger may be moved to its lower-most position so that the knob 65 con- .tacts the upper surface of the cap 29 while pressure is present in the vessel. It will be understood that when the pump is operated to raise 85 the pressure of the vessel there will always 'be remaining at the last downstroke of the plunger a' .small amount of airin the lower end of the cylinder which' is under relatively high pressure so that when "the knob 65 is released the plunger 40 will be urged upward under the expansion of the residual air. With the present construction the lplungermay be movedto its lower position by simply rotating the knob 65 while applying a very light'pressure, which operation permits thear in the lower end of the cylinder to move upward along the rod through-the bore 12 and past the packing 68.

While I have thus described and illustrated aA speciilc embodiment of the invention I am aware l that numerous alterations and\changes may be made therein within the Aspirit of the invention and I do not wish to be limited except as required by the prior art and the scope of. the appended claims in whichr I claim:

1. The combination in a sprayer `for discharging a liquid under pressure', of, a one-piece cast Vbody having inlet and outlet channels for conducting liq'uid therethrough, a valve .chamber intersecting `therewith and having an annular shoulder ,surrounding the end of one .of said` channels, a iiexible ldiaphragm conned at its peripheral edges and arranged to moveiin the 65 center portion thereof between a position against said shoulder to prevent communication between said channels ,and a position permittingcommunication therebetween, and a manuallyA movable pin arranged to move between a position to l 70.urge said diaphragm against said shoulder and a retracted position, for movement of said .diaphragm under the fluid pressure to control the discharge of liquid, the-top of the body being recessed tol provide for operation of the lever diaphragm.`

2.- The combination in a sprayer of a vessel having a screw-threaded upper end and an open top, a one-piece cast metal body 'member having a handle projecting laterally and downwardly 'from one side, a nozzle at the opposed side and an intermediate portion shaped for reception o f the upper end of said vessel to support the same in depending relationship and close the top of said vessel, a pump cylindencarried on and depending from said llast-mentioned portion axially 'in said vessel, apump plunger in said cylinder extending through said intermediate portion and projecting thereabove for manual 'reciprocation to pump air into said vessel, a tube within the vessel depending from said intermediate portion and extending to' a point adjacent the bottom thereof, said body having a channel extending from said tube to said nozzle to conduct liquid from the bottom of the vessel to the nozzle, valve means intermediate the ends of said channel including a movable valve niemf ber for controlling'the ilow through said channel, and a nger operable leverhavingV engagement with the valve member for imparting movement thereto, the top of the body being recessed to provide foroperation of the lever therein and i to provide communication with the valve means foruinstallation and removal of the valve member.

3. A liquid sprayer comprising in combination a channeled and recessed cast body having a handle extending from one side thereof for manipulation of the sprayer, a nozzle extending' from the opposite side thereof, a. centrally disposed pump supporting bore, converging inlet andoutlet channels, the outlet channel communicating with said nozzle, a valve chamber at the convergence vof said inlet and outlet channels, an annular bottom recess for the reception v of a vessel and a top recess extending radially of `the body for the reception of a lever, a vessel for holding uid seating in -said bottom recess, a pump seated in said pump supporting bore reciprocable from above said body, conduit means extending from said inlet channel to a low point in said vessel for conducting liquid therefrom under pressure developed by said pump, a iiexible diaphragm, confined at its peripheral edge in the valve chamber and movable at its center between a position closing communication between said bores and a position permitting communication,

the valve chamber opening into thetop recess `so that the diaphragm may be installed and replaced through the recess, a thumb actuated valve lever positioned and articulated in said top recess to move between a position to urge said diaphragm to the closed position and a retracted position for movement of said diaphragm Yunder the fluid pressure, and spring means acting between said body and said lever for urging the lever to the closed position, against the fluid pressure. y l

4. 'I'he combination in a liquid sprayer'of a one-piece cast body,member having a centrally disposed portion, a handle extending' outwardly and downwardly from one side thereof for ma-y nipulation of the sprayer. a nozzle support at the opposite'side thereof, acentrally disposed pump supporting bore in said central portion opening through the body for the passage of a pump element, an annular bottom recess concentric with said bore for the reception of va liquid container, the body being recessed at .its top with part of the recessing in said handlevior the reception oi' valve actuating means, converging inlet and outlet channels, the'outlet channel communicating with said nozzle, 'a chamber at the point of convergence of said channel shaped to receive a 5 diaphragm in a position to block communication between said channels upon mechanical distortion thereof to control the flow of liquid throughl the channels, the chamber being accessible through the top recessing for installation and removal of the diaphragm.

5. Ir a liquid sprayer, an open top liquid container, a body serving as the cover for the container, the body being channeled and recessed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis oi the sprayer to provide a nozzle channel and a.v

and the nozzle channel including a movable valve member, said valve member being accessible through the lever recess i'or installation and replacement, Aand a lever in said recess having operative engagementwith the Avalve member for imparting movement thereto.

6. In a liquid sprayer, an open top liquid containing vessel, a body forming a cover closing the top of the vessel, a pump cylinder depending from the body intov the vessel', pump mechanism asso-v ciated with the cylinder including a plunger in the cylinder reciprocable for pumping small amounts of air into the'vessel and thus placing a pressure' upon the liquid therein, an inlet tube depending from the body to a lower point in thev vessel, the body having a handle depending from Y one side and a spray nozzle at the opposite side, 40 a valve chamber in the body having an inlet communicating with said inlet tube and an outlet communicating with the spray nozzle, a exible diaphragm valve in the valve chamber coniined at its peripheral edge and movable at its centerto close and open vsaid communication, removable' means'clampingthe peripheral edge of they diaphragm in fixed position in the valve chamber, the top of the body member being recessed to provide for the reception oi a leverand to provide access to the valve chamber for installation and replacement of the diaphragm and its clamping means, and a lever disposed in said recess and having operative engagement with the diaphragm for imparting movement thereto.

155.V 7. In a liquid sprayer, an open top liquid conl' taining vessel, a bodyserving as a cover i'or the vessel, a pump on the body operable i'or placing pressure on the liquid within the vessel, the body being interiorly channeled to provide a nozzle channel in a diametrical plane, a spray nozzle at the spray nozzle, the top of the body being recessed in said plane to provide access to said valve chamber for installation and replacement oi said valve member and to receive the nger lever. 8. In a liquid sprayer, an open topliquid containing vessel, a cast body forming a cover closing the top of the vessel, a pump cylinder depending from the body into the vessel, pump mechanism associated with the cylinder including a plunger in the cylinder reciprocable for pumping small amounts of air into the vessel and thus placing a pressure upon the liquid therein, an inlet tube depending from the body to a lower point in the vessel, a radially extending nozzle channel, a spray nozzle on the body at the outer extremity of said channel, a valve chamber in the body having an inlet communicating with said inlet tube and an outlet communicating with said nozzle channel, a movable valve member in said chamber for closing and opening communication between said inlet and said outlet, a handle depending from the body at the side opposite from .the nozzle, the top of the body being recessed to provide' access to the valve chamber and to vprovide for reception oi' a -valve operating member,

said valve chamber being accessible through the open top of the for installation and replacement of said valve ember, and a valve operating member in the recessed top portionhavlng oper-,-

for pumping small amounts oi air intothe vessel and thus-placing a pressure upon the liquid therein, an inlet tube depending from the body to a lower point inf the vessel, the body being. channeled and recessed to providea nozzle channel and a lever recessin a plane`disposed diametrlcally of the sprayer, the recessed portion of thebody being extended to provide a handle, a spray nozzle on the body at the outer extremity ofsaid channel, the body having a valve chamber in said diametrical plane providing communication between said inlet tube and said nozzle channel, ailexible'diaphragm in said chamber movable to close and open said communication Y between the inlettube and the nozzle channel,

the valve chamber beingaccessible through said lever recess for installation and `replacement of the diaphragm, and aL lever in said recess having operative engagement with the diaphragm, the

lever being spring pressed in one direction to' move the diaphragm to normally close saidcom-` munication and being operable by iinger pressure to release said spring pressure, the diaphragm when so released being unseated by the pressure in the vessel so that the liquid under pressin'e in thevesselwillbecommunicatedthroughthe tube, valve chamber and nome channel to the spray nozzle. n

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