US2090356A

US2090356A - Annular cutting or bore hole enlarging apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2090356A
Application number: US7917A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clarence E Reed
Original assignee: Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Current assignee: Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Priority date: 1935-02-23
Filing date: 1935-02-23
Publication date: 1937-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 1954-08-17

Description

,CQ E. REED Aug. 17, 1937.

s sheets-sheet 1 Filed Feb. 23, 19:55

INVENTOR V C/orgynce E., Reed c.; @fr/Lung@ M n o l l. n IH.. /l/ lum H+ l l l 1J 1 n Il t] wmv i I f ,m -f?. m; l/W/MW//Uy/ fo u:

ATTORNEY Aug. 17, 1937.

C. E. REED ANNULAR CIUTTING OR BORE HOLE ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 23, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 17, 193?. C, E, REED 2,090,356

'ANNULAR CUTTING OR BORE HOLE- ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 25, 1955 s lsheets-sheet` 5 v INVENTOR C/olgnce E. Ree d ATTO R N EY Patented Aug. 17, 1937 PATET OFFICE ANNULAR CUTTING OR BORE HOLE ENLARGING APPARATUS .-.i l v Clarence E. Reed, Wichita, Kans., wass'ignor to Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of`New Jersey Application February 23,` 1935, Serial No. 7,917

24 Claims.

This invention relates to earth boring tools and more particularly to a tool for enlarging a hole already cut.

Large holes are necessary in all deep wells. 'f5 They may be up to several feet in diameter but are ordinarily of shallow depth. Heretofore it has generally been the practice to drill large holes by use of tools having a great number of cutters l and which would cut the hole to the full diameter *l desired. Such prior ,practices have the disad- 'vantagerthat too much cutting is done at one time. K An object of this invention is to provide an earth boring tool which will cut only one Vannular path at a time, the hole already drilled being used i as ka pilot hole. In this manner a rapid cut is accomplished.

*Another object of the invention is to provide a tool-for enlarging holes, which can be built up to any desired size, quickly and easily, by means of i120 detachable intertting sections.

Another object is to provide a tool of the built-up type which will lconduct flushing fluid directly to the cutters through the individual 'sectionsY p v Other objects will hereinafter appear.

=In the drawings showing apreferred embodik'ment of the invention:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the assembled boring tool including several sections.

Fig. 2A in asection ofv Fig. 1 through the axis of the tool.

1 Fig.'3 is an elevation of the central section with the Icutter units directly connected thereto. #Fig, 4 is anl elevation of the `central section.

Y Tg5 Fig. 5 is a view of the underV side of the central section. i Fig. 6 is an elevation of the section next outwardly from the central section.

- Figw'l is an elevation of the section fitting on :fi/'40' thesection of Fig. 6.

- 745 .tions Ilv and l2 and a plurality of roller cutter units I3 attached tothe outermost section. These several sections intert to form a rigid tool and to transmit rotational movement to the outwardly positioned roller cutters.

The central section I0 comprises a tubular hub portion having .interior threads I4 at its upper end for connection to a drill stem I5.and presentf ing an exterior cylindrical surface I6 at its lower lend. Intermediate the lengthof .the section are 2155 outwardly projecting flanges I1 the under surfaces i8 of which lie in a common plane perpendicular'to the axis of the section. Beneath each of the surfaces i8 is an outwardly facing surface I9 formed on an enlarged portion of the section. l These surfaces i 9 are perpendicular to radii frommy the axis of the section. Flanges I'l have bolt holes therethrough and threaded holes 25 open at ysurfaces i9. To strengthen the flanges I1, ribs 25 are provided. Through the ribs which lie cen-r trally of the flanges il, are apertures 2| to con-i duct nushing fluid from the interior of the section to an opening at the surfaces I8. At the opening into surfaces i3 are recesses 22 to receive a'packing washer to make the joint betweenvsec-` I These packing rings are placedVA`V f that a stream of water impinge directly on the hole bottom,`this plug 24 may be removed or it may have a hole therethrough. With a solid plug in place the `flushing fluid is diverted entirely through apertures 2l under high pressure.

Each of the outer sections i I and l2 is of ring shape and comprises a central hub portion 23 having at its upper part an inner cylindrical surface 2'? and at'its lower part an exterior concentric cylindrical surface 28. Carried outwardly from the hub portion 23 and spaced therearound are a plurality of attaching DOrtions 29. The attaching portions, as here shown, are of inverted L-shape and present an upwardly facing surface 3B, an inwardly facing surface 3l, a downwardly facing surface 32 and an outwardly facing surface 33. The surfaces and 3l form an angularly vrelated pair disposed inwardly and upwardly relative to surfaces 32 and 33 which form an outwardly disposed pair. It is to be observed that the surfaces 3| and 33 lie inwardly from" surfaces 30 and 32 respectively with the result that surface 32 overhangs its adjacent surface 33. The 'surfaces 353 of one section all lie in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the section and the surfaces 32 of one section all lie in another plane `perpendicular to the axis of the section. Surfaces 3'! of Vone section are equidistant from the axis of the section and are perpendicular to radii to the section axis and surfaces 33 of one section are equidistant and perpendicular to radii, from the axis of the section. Surfaces 30 and 3l are formed on an angle member 34 and surfaces 32 disposed rib 36. Through each rib 35 is a ushing posed surfaces flt the outwardly disposed surfaces of the next inner section, and that its outwardly disposed surfaces will receive the inwardly disposed surfaces of the next outer section. Of particular importance is the fact that the attaching surfaces of all sections are uniformly formed and that as between different sections Vthe principal difference is as to the positioning of the attaching portions from Ithe axis of the section. Surfaces i3 and I9 of the innermost section are identical with surfaces 32 and 33 of the outer sections. In addition to the interfitting relation between the

surfaces

30, 3l, 32, and 33 of one section with` another, the surface 21 of the hub is of a size to t over the exterior surface of the hub of the next inner section and the surface 28 isof a size to receive the interior surface ofthe hub of the next outer section.

the upper portion of which has formed thereon surfaces 4U and 4I corresponding in formation to surfaces 30 and 3l of the outer sections, and which has bolt holes 42 placed correspondingly to bolt

holes

25, 25 and 38. Into the upper portion of the frame 39 is formed a cutter receiving recess 44 which opens downwardly and outwardly. The lower portion of the frame 39 is of reduced size relative to the upper portion and presents a 40 guide surface 45 lying inwardly of the opening to recess 44. This surface 45 is set with hard facing metal to resist abrasion. The surface 45 is curved to bear upon the wall of the hole previously cut to ,serve as a pilot for guiding the 45 enlargingv tool.

The cutter 46 may be rotatably mounted in the recess 44 in any convenient manner. As here shown it is mounted upon the spindle portion of a hanger having a shank portion 41 lying in a 50 recess 48 formed in the outside of the upper portion of the frame. The inner end 49 of the spindle bears against the inner wall of recess 44 for support and seats against a shoulder 44 to take up-thrust. The shank 41 is secured in re- 55 CGSS 48.

The cutter units may be attached directly to the innermost section I as by bolts 50 as shown in Fig. 3, in the event that the hole to be enlarged is of small size. After enlarging the hole in this 60 manner, or for enlarging a hole initially of large size, the cutter units may be attached to section II and section II be attached to section I0. By building up the tool in this manner with sections of increasing size, the cutters may be disposed at 65 a considerable distance from the axis of the tool and a hole of considerable diameter may be cut. It will be apparent that the innermost and outermost surfaces of each section are so related to the width of cut made, that the bearing surfaces 45 70 when on an outer section will just enter the hole cut by the cutters when on the next inner section. Annular paths of succeedingly increasing size may thus be cut by the addition of sections, the previously cut hole being used as a pilot 75 hole. In Fig. 1 for example, the hole having a The roller cutter units I3 include a frame 39,`

wall will have been cut by the cutters when on the central section I0. The hole having wall 52 will have been cut by the cutters when on section I I using hole 5| as a pilot. The hole having wall 53 is shown being cut by cutters on section I2 using hole 52 as a pilot hole. In like manner hole 53 will be used as a pilot hole when cutting with the cutters on the next larger section.

While bolted flange connections are shown it is not to be understood that the invention is so limited. Broadly considered, the invention resides in aisectional, built up apparatus, regardless of the means for attaching such sections together. Broadly considered the sections of the framework of the apparatus intert with each other and the center hollow portions telescope. Any one or all the sections may be threaded interiorly, for instance, and the top section may be interiorly theaded yat its lower end and receive the threaded end of a stem shouldering on the bottom section, and clamp thesectionsbetween the shoulderuand thetop section, or the sections may be placed together and held by other types of clamping means, or otherwise.` The type oi attachment of the sections will be somewhat dependent upon the depth of the holes to be made, or the shafts to be sunk. 'Ihe broad idea isa sectionally constructed frame work carrying annular cutting means, guide means, and flushing means. n

The guide means may be individually applied to an annular cutting device, or may be a part of an individual cutter assembly. While the guide is shown, in the drawings, applied to an annular cutting means only,`it should be understood that it may be a part of an assembly, in n which a pilot bit may be mounted in the lower end of the hollow central portion to follow the pilot hole, or for initially making the pilot'l hole at the same time, or the central cutting means may be such as to form a multistage bit, viz., a bit or apparatus cutting on two or more planes at the same time.

While in the drawings a roller cutter is shown, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that a blade vtype cutter may be used where the earth formation is such as mayy be readily cut thereby.

In defining the characteristics of the sections I0, II, and I2 indicated in Figs. 3, 6, and 7 in their relation to each other, it may be said that they are of Vdifferent diameters. For instance Fig. 5 indicates a bottom plan view of the section I0. The diameter of this section, generally speaking, may be said to be the length of the diameter of the article which would touch the corners of the flanges I1. It will be seen that this diameter varies in length in reference to the sections shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the diameter of said circle in Fig. 6 being larger than that of Fig. 5 which is a bottom plan view of the section of Fig. 3, and the diameter of the section of Fig. '1 being larger than that of Fig.r 6, owing to the fact that in Fig. 1 the corners of the flanges would be at a greater distance from the axial center of the drill than would be the corners of the flanges in Fig. 6, and Fig. 6 for the same reason illustrates a section of larger diamete than the section in Fig. 3.

I claim: i

1. An earth boring drill for enlarging a previously cut bore hole comprising cutter carrier vmeans composed vof sections one above the other, removably connected together, the uppermost section having means for attachmentl to 'a drill stem, and a cutter unit comprising a cutter and a support therefor, said sections having seats receiving the next lower section, said cutter sup-- port having means for detachably connecting said cutter support to the seat of the lowermost section, the seat on each section being at a greater vdistance radially fromV the vertical axis of the drill than the seat on the next higherV section, said seats all being of a form whereby the cutter support may be attached thereto in place of a carrier, substantially as described.

2. An earth boring drill according to claim 1 having guide means, said guide means cooperating with one of the sections so as to bear upon the side wall of the previously cut bore hole in advance of said cutter.

3. A cutter unit for a bore enlarging earth boring tool comprising a support, a cutter and a lguide member carried by said support, said guide member projecting downwardly from said support to -a point below the level of the lower portion ofthe cutter, said guide member being adjacent the cutter and having a bearing surface to engage the side of the bore hole being enlarged at a' point substantially in the same radial plane of the bore hole, in which the cutter lies, substantially as described, said support having means to permit its attachment removably to a carrier off to one side of the vertical axis of the drill.

4. A bit for enlarging earth bore holes comprising a plurality of sections of relatively different diameters arranged with the one of smaller diameter uppermost, cutter means, guide means to bear on the wall of the bore hole in advance of the cutter means and means for removably connecting the cutter means and guide means to the outermost section, said cutter means and guide means being thereby attachable at a distance from the vertical axis of the drill proportionate to the size of said outermost section, substantially as described.

5. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality of connected sections disposed successively out. wardly, the innermost section having means for 45 attachment to a drill stem and having a part tor 4:M50 formly formed, and a roller cutter unit comprising a rotatably mounted cutter and a supporting frame having a part fitting the receiving part of the outermost section.

6. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality A v55 of connected sections disposed successively outwardly, the innermost section having means for attachment to a drill stem and having outwardly disposed surfaces arranged around its periphery at the same horizontal plane, said other sections having inwardly disposed surfaces to fit the next inner section and having outwardly disposed surfaces to receive the next outer section, and roller cutter units each comprising a rotatably mounted cutter and a supporting frame having an inwardly disposed surface fitting one of the outer surfaces of the outermost section.

7. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality of connected sections disposed successively outwardly, all of said sections having a pair of adjacent outer surfaces including an outwardly facing surface and an overhanging downwardly facing surface, the innermost section having means for attachment to a drill stem and the other sections having a pair of adjacent inner surfaces tting a pair of outer surfaces of the next inner section, and a roller cutter unit comprising a rotatably mounted cutter and a frame having adjacent surfaces fitting a pair of outer surfaces of the outermost section. ,l

8. An earth boring tool accordingr to claim 7, in which the inner most section has a flushing fluid port extending from a central bore to c ach pair of outer surfaces, the outer sections have a flushing fluid port extending therethrough from an inner pair of surfaces to .an outer pair of surfaces, and said cutter unit has a flushing fluid port extending from said surfaces thereon to a point to direct fluid upon the cutter, the port openings registering between adjacent sections.

9. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality of connected sections disposed successively outwardly, the innermost section having means for attachment to a drill stem and the other sections being of annular formation and of sizesff to receive within their interior the next inner section and to receive on their exterior the next outer section, and cutter units, each comprising a rotatably `mounted cutter and a supporting frame having a portion fitting the exterior of the outermost one of said sections.

10. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality of connected sections disposed successively outwardly, the innermost section having means for attachment to a drill stem and having disposed around its exterior pairs of angularly related surfaces uniformly positioned with respect to the section axis, the outer sections being of annular formation and each having spaced around its exterior pairs of angularly related surfaces uniformly positioned with respect to the section axis and each section having disposed around its interior pairs of angularly related surfaces fitting the exterior surfaces of the next inner section, and a plurality of roller cutter. units each having a rotatably mounted cutter and having a pair of angularly related surfaces fitting a pair of angularly related surfaces of the outermost section.

1l. An earth boring tool comprising a plurality of connected sections disposed successively outwardly, the innermost section having a central hub portion with an enlarged attaching portion intermediate its length, the upper part of said hub portion having means for attachment-5,0 toy a bit head, the other sections having each a central hub portion and attaching portions carried outwardly therefrom, said hub and attaching portions having inwardly disposed surfaces fitting the next inner section and having outwardly disposed surfaces receiving the next outer section, and a plurality of cutter units comprising rotatably mounted cutters and frames having inwardly disposed surfaces fitting the outer surfaces of the outermost section.

12. A roller cutter unit for a bore enlarging earth boring tool comprising a frame having an enlarged upper portion a part of which overhangs a reduced lower portion, said enlarged upper portion having at one side means for attachment to a supporting structure and having at the opposite side a cutter recess opening outwardly and downwardly of the overhanging portion, said reduced lower portion serving as a guide means, and a roller cutter rotatably carried by said frame and lying in said cutter recess said guide means having a bearing surface lying at right angles to a vertical plane in which the axis of the cutter lies.

13. A cutter frame for attachment in a bore 75 enlarging earth boring tool having a lower guiding portion with anoutwardly facing surface of limited extent 'circumferentially of the bore hole to bear von a restricted' part only of the wall of the bore hole to serve as guide means, an upper portion integral with the lower portion, :having means to attach said frame to a supporting structure oifset from the center of said structure, said frame having a downwardlyopen cutter receiving recess at only one point thereon, said recess inclining upwardly and inwardly of said frame in a portion thereof which overhangs said outwardly facing surface.

14. A section for a built-up enlarging earth boring tool, having an inwardly disposed angle member and an outwardly disposed angle member connected by a centrally positioned web, said inwardly disposed angle member presenting an inwardly facing surface and an upwardly facing surface, and said outwardly disposed angle member presenting an outwardly facing surfaceparallel with said inwardly-facing surface and a downwardly facing surface parallel with the upwardly facing surface.

k15. A section for a built-up bore Aenlarging earth boring tool having a central hub portion presenting interior and exterior seating surfaces and a plurality of attaching portions carried outwardly from the hub portion, said attaching portions having inwardly disposed seats to receive a next inner section rand outwardly disposed seats to receive a next outer section.

16. An earth boring tool for enlarging a bore hole comprising a carrier structure having means for attachment to a drill stem, a plurality offcutter supports connected to said carrier at intervals around its outer part, said cutter supports depending from said carrier and leaving open spaces between each other, said supports providing outwardly facing bearing surfaces tor frictionally engage the wall of a previously cut hole, and cutters carried by said supports above said bearing surfaces and disposed to cut a path cutside of the bearing surfaces.

17. A roller cutter unit for abore enlarging earth boring tool comprising a frame having at `its, upper portion and to one side thereof attaching means, and to the other side of its upper portion a recess inclining inwardly and upwardly from the outermost side of the unit,fand the lower portion of the-unit presenting an outwardly facing vertical surface disposed in a vertical plane between said outermost side of theunit and the attaching means, said surface providing a friction guide surface below and inwardly of the opening to said recess. `1 f 18. A bore enlarging earth boring tool comprising a carrier having means for attachment to a drill pipe, a plurality of guides depending from the said carrier at different points around the edge thereof with open spaces between them at the margin of the carrier and beneath the carrier, said guides having vertical outer faces to bear on the wall of the bore hole, and cutters mounted adjacent only the outer sides of said guides leaving their opposite sides free from cuttingrmeans and in substantially the same radial planes therewith said cutters overhanging the said guides to enlarging earth boring drill having an upwardly Vagoo'ors and inwardly extending recess on its outer side,

and having its opposite side-unrecessedsai'd frame having a downward extension from its'intact or unrecessed side reaching below-"the horlzontal plane at which said recess opens `downp wardly, and means whereby-said framefcan'be removably attached in offside relation to the laxis of the drill, said recessed upper portion overhang-` ng the outer side of said downward extension.:

20. An earth'boring tool for enlarging abore'ilo hole comprising coaxially disposedA sections; each section having cutter supporting portions disposed about the axis thereof, said portions offone section being at a greater distance'radially' from the axis of the section than the corresponding!"V '15 portions of the section next above are from said axis, means removably connecting the sections together, each section havingseats, those of one section being at a greater distance radially from the axis of the drill than the seats of the sectionf next above, said seats being adapted to receive either the next lower section or cutterfsuppor-t's,

supports for the cutters, and kmeans lremovably attaching them to any of said seats, substantially projecting' below ythe horizontal plane in which` the cutters are located, and within the annular path of the cutters, each of said guide members having a friction bearing surface yto bear onthe Y side wall of the previously'cut bore hole in advance of the cutters, each guide .member-being., adjacent one of the cutters and in substantially the same radial plane of the drill therewith, said guide' members being spaced apart circumferentially about the drill, there being a cutter supporting member for each cutter removably con-52,5. nected to the carrier, substantially 'as described 23. A bore enlarging earth boring 'drill comprising a main section having a seat for receiving a cutter support, means forattaching said central section 'to a drill stern, a second section-31gy of largerdiameter thanthe central section, having a seat forfreceiving said cutter support, means for removably attaching said second section to the central section, a third section of larger diameter than the second section having a seat/,3 for receiving saidcutter support, means for removably attaching the third section to the second section, a cutter support with means `:for attaching it to the seat of the section last to be assembled in making up the bit Vof the desired,;.;; diameter, anda rotary cutter mounted on said support. l

24. A central supporting section for abore enlarging earth boring tool having means forattachment to a drill stem and having a.peripheral. enlargement intermediate the length of the section, said enlargement presenting downwardly facing seating surfaces disposed on the exterior of the section and karound the section in the same horizontal plane perpendicular to the :axis of? -the section, and means on said enlargement for securing an attachment thereto removably, which may be another sectionof a roller cutter support.

, CLARENCE E. REED.