US2086750A - Wheel positioning device for gear grinders - Google Patents

Description

July 13, 1937. H. D. TANNER WHEEL POSITIONING DEVICE FOR GEAR GRINDERS Filed June 11, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR H0 72.77772) BY I ATTORNEY July 13, 1937. H. D. TANNER WHEEL POSITIONING DEVICE FOR GEAR GRINDERS Filed June 11, 1934 4' Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Emma July 13, 1937. H. D. TANNER WHEEL POSITIONING DEVICE FOR GEAR GRINDERS Filed June 11, 1954 4 Sheets-:Sheet 3 r. W s;

INVENTOR ATTORNEY July 13,.1937. H. D. TANNER v WHEEL POSITIONING DEVICE FOR GEAR GRINDERS Filed June 11,1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR H 0- )7 wer- W ATTORNEY Fatented July l3, i193? earlier tilHEElh PUSII'JTEUNING llllEl/IIEIE FDR GlEAlllt GlltllNlll lEEfi tion oi New Jersey Application June 11, 193i, Serial No. 729,962

2 Claims. v

This invention relates to gear grinding machines and particularly to a wheel positioning device whereby abrasive wheels may be maintained in proper position relative to the gear tooth surfaces to be ground, the wheel or wheels being adjustable for different sizes, pitches and pressure angles of spur or helical gears, and for different diameters of the abrasive wheels.

A primary object of the invention is to pro-- vide opposed wheel supporting heads each rotatably supporting an abrasive wheel and provided with a dressing attachment for the work engaging surfaces of the wheel, so that the grinding surfaces of the wheels may be maintained accurately in position foroperation upon different types and sizes of gears, and the two wheels with their supporting heads may be individually advanced as their diameters are reduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wheel mounting for gear grinders on the sup porting slide of which is mounted a dressing attachment, the positions of these dressing at tachments being adjusted simultaneously as the slides are adjusted to compensate for reduction in diameter of the wheel in a manner to always properly dress the wheel surfaces and maintain the correct positions of their work engaging surfaces.

With the above and other objects in view my invention includes the features of construction and operation set forth in the following specifi cation and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings annexed hereto and forming a part of the specification, l have shown my invention embodied in a grinding machine for spur and helical gears, but it will be understood that the invention can be otherwise embodied and that the drawings are not to be construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention, the claims appended to this speciiication being relied upon for that purpose.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the wheel supporting members shown partly in section, the

-wheels being shown in operative relation to a spur gear being ground.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the wheel supporting members shown partly in section to more clearly disclose their construction.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation partly in section of .one of the wheel supporting members, the dressing attachment being shown in section.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the dressing attachment shown partly in section.

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional View through the dressing attachment substantially upon the line 5--5 of Fig. 4, and

Fig. 6 is a horizontal plan View of the dressing attachmenttaken substantially upon the line 66 of Fig. 4.

In the above mentioned drawings I have shown but one embodiment of the invention which is now deemed preferable, but it is to be understood that changes and modifications. may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the inven tion.

Briefly and in its preferred aspect, my invention may include the following principal parts: First, a cross rail mounted upon a column or base of a machine for grinding involute gear teeth; second, carriages slidablymounted for movement laterally on the rail; third, a saddle or intermediate member on each carriage, the angular position of which may be adjusted about a pivot over a limited range; fourth, a slide on the intermediate slides or saddles having supporting bearings for a spindle for an abrasive wheel; fifth, a supplemental slide on each slide or saddle on which dressing tools for the sur faces of the grinding wheel are mounted; and sixth, manually operated adjusting means for relatively positioning the carriages and the slides and for operating the dressing tools.

In grinding machines of the type shown in my copending application Serial No. 688,7M filed September 9, 1933, now Patent No. 2,022,061,

dated Nov. 26, 1935, there is provided a single wheel for grinding involute curves of spur and. helical gear teeth, the wheel engaging the tooth. surfaces of the gear being ground upon oppo site conical or bevel surfaces. The present in vention is designed for a machine having the same supporting, actuating and indexing means for the gear being ground to simultaneously reciprocate and rotate the gear below the active or grinding surfaces of the wheel and for pre senting successive teeth for the grinding operations. In the present instance, however, there are two wheels provided disposed in opposed relation to each other and adapted to contact with the tooth curves of the gear being ground upon their relatively outer plane surfaces. The wheels also are materially increased in diameter over those shown in my copending application so that there is sumcient area in contact with the teeth being ground that reciprocatory movement of the wheels, as by the ram shown in my copending application, is not necessary. In the pres cut application a ram or slidable support may be employed substantially as shown in my pending application but instead of being reciprocated during the grinding operation may be provided with manual or other adjusting means enabling it to fixedly position the wheels properly with respect to the gear being ground.

Referring more in detail to the figures of the drawings, there is provided an adjustable member l0 mounted in suitable ways extending horizontally within the base I of the machine. The base I may be similar to the base of the machine shown in my oopending application and have similar ways within which the member l0 may be longitudinally adjusted. The front end surface l2 of this slide or supporting member In for the wheels I3 is extended laterally and provided also with laterally extending horizontal ways upon which carriages |4 may be slidably mounted. There are two of these laterally movable carriages |4, one for each of the wheels I3, the positions of which may be simultaneously ad'- justed toward or from each other so that the wheels l3 thereon may be positioned for gear teeth having diiferent pitches. For this purpose a horizontal laterally disposed shaft l5 having left and right screw threads on its opposite ends is supported for rotation within the supporting member ID. This shaft I5 extends laterally of the grinding machine across the front surface I2. The. screw threads on this shaft are engaged by fixed nuts l6 provided respectively within the rear faces of the carriages I4. A helical gear mounted centrally of the threaded shaft |5 is engaged by a helical pinion gear I8 on the lower end of a vertical shaft l9 rotatable within the forward end of the adjustable member Ill. The upper end of this shaft I9 is provided with a bevel gear 20. Extending forwardly within a suitable supporting bracket or housing 2| is a shaft 22 having a bevel pinion 23 in mesh with a bevel gear on the upper end of this shaft l9. .At the forward end of this shaft or rod 22 there is a hand wheel 24. By rotation of the hand wheel 24 therefore the threaded shaft l5 may be rotated in either direction to position the carriages l4 at proper distances apart for any thickness or spacing of gear teeth being ground. Indicating means 25 are provided for the forwardly extending shaft 22 in the form of a graduated knob so that the carriages l4 when once adjusted to an operative position may be relocated in other correct operative positions predetermined distances apart.

The front faces of these carriages H are each provided with a horizontally disposed pivot about which a saddle 3| may be oscillated. Arcuate slots 32 in the rear face of each saddle 3| engaged by headed bolts 33 extending through portions of the carriage l4 enables a saddle 3| to be locked in any desired angular position. In order to determine the adjustment of this saddle 3|,circular graduations 34 are provided upon the portion of the carriage l4. Adjacent these graduations 34 and cut into or provided on the saddle is a zero line 35. On the front face of the saddle 3|..ar eguidew'a'ysin a vertical plane engaged by a wheel supporting head 38 adjustable manually therealong. On this head 38 are bearings provided in outstanding brackets thereon within which is rotatably mounted a spindle 33, on an end of which the wheel l3 and its mounting are secured. A grooved pulley 40 on an intermediate portion of this spindle 39 through belt 4| may be driven by a motor 42 provided on the wise movement.

. 49 and at its forward end is provided with a hand head 38. A grooved pulley 43 is provided upon the shaft of the motor 42 over which the belt 4| may pass In order to adjust the vertical position of the head 38 upon its saddle 3| there is provided a 6 screw supported at one end within the upper portion of the saddle 3| and held against end- This screw 45 is engaged by a nut 44 provided on or formed in the head 33 so that rotation of the screw 45 will raise or lower the head 38 and its abrasive wheel l3. In order to rotate this screw 43 its upper end has seccured thereon a gear 46 in mesh with a pinion 41 preferably these gears 43 and 4? may be of helical or worm gear type. The pinion or worm 41 is at an oblique angle to gear 43 and is mounted upon the rear end of the'forwardly and downwardly extending shaft 43. This forwardly extending shaft 48 is housed within a supporting bracket 20 wheel 50. It will be seen, therefore, that by rotating the hand wheel 50 in either direction a wheel l3 may be advanced or retracted relative to the position of the gear being ground, the direction along which the head 38 moves being determined by the angular adjustment of the saddle 3|. The mechanism described above by means of hand wheels 24 and 50, enables two abrasive wheels disposed in opposed relation to each other to be positioned for operation upon any involute 30 spur or helical gear within the capacity of the machine. The active or grinding surfaces ll of the wheels |3 are plane and normal to the axis of rotation of spindles 39. The opposite side of the wheels l3 are beveled as shown at 33 so that this surface will clear the tooth adjacent being ground, the thickness of the whml at periphery being less than the minimum width of the space between adjacent teeth. Within the heads the spindles 33 are disposed so that with the saddles 3| extending vertically the surfaces of the opposed wheels II are properly positioned for grinding gears having the smallest pressure angle found 'in practice. The oblique adjustment of the saddles 3| enables gear teeth 45 having from minimum to maximum pressure angle (approximately 15 to 25') to be ground.

Provided on the front'faces of the heads 34 are ways Bl upon which may be slidably mounted housing 3| for a dressing attachment within which are slidably mounted the wheel dressing diamonds or other tools presently-to be more fully described. The ways 33 upon whicheachdressing attachment 3| is mounted are disposed at an oblique angle to the ways on'the saddle 3| on 55 which its head 38 slides and may be. raised and lowered upon the head 33 by connections from the above mentioned screw 45. For this purpose a screw 62 rotatable within the head '33 and A engaging nut 53 on the dressing attachment is provided with a gear 63 upon anintermediate portion of the screw 62 in mesh with an idler gear 64 upon the dressing attachment. This gear 64 in turn is in mesh with a gear 33 upon the upper end of the threaded shaft 43. By rotation, therefore, of the screw 45 to raise and lower' the head 38 carrying the wheel H the housing portion of the dressing attachment I slidably mounted upon the ways '33 is also moved in the same direction. The ratio of these motions, that is of the head 33 and the attachment 3|, is one to one. For any motion downward of the wheel l3 and head 33, therefore, the dressing attachment 6| is moved upon its oblique angle a similar distance, The resulting position of the gear enaoeavco gaging surface 55 of the wheel it after successive redressing operations will be maintained at all times precisely identical as the head 38 is adjusted to compensate for wearing away of the wheel. To permit slight angular adjustment of the housing 6| relative to its head 38 there is provided a pivot 58 outstanding from the slide 51. By these means the direction of movement of the dressing tools 61 can be accurately adjusted.

Clamping means shown in Fig. 6 enables the housing 6| to be clamped in any predetermined position indicated by graduations fil Referring now to the dressing attachment per se shown in Figs, 4, 5, and 6, it will be seen that the housing 6| for the wheel dressing tools is slidably mounted upon the dovetail ways 68 and.

-Each of these slides 66 is provided with racks screws and 62 is made adjustable.

88 along a portion of one side face which engage respectively gears 69 of equal size mounted upon a central horizontal shaft 18 withinthe housing 6| adapted to be rotated in opposite directions. The positions of the slides 68 are disposed so that one of the dressing tools '61 is at one end of its movement while the other tool is at its opposite end. While one tool 61, therefore, is moving downward the opposite tool 61 will be moving upward as their rack teeth 88 are upon opposite sides of the central driving gears 69. In order to rotate this shaft I0 and the gears 89 to traverse the dressing tools 61 back and forth there is a large gear 'H attached to the forward end of the shaft 10 in mesh with a pinion 12 on a forwardly extending stud or shaft 13 having a crank "tool 61' for dressing the operative side 55 of the wheel moves substantially in a direction normal to the axis of spindle 38 in head 38.

Also mounted within each dressing attachment 6| is a third diamond or other tool 16 adapted to engage the outer peripheral edge of a wheel l3. This tool 16 is carried by an arm 11 oscillated upon a pivot 18 provided within thehousing 8| of the dressing attachment. This arm 11 has its dressing tool directly upon its lower extended end, the upper end being provided with gear teeth 19 engaging a gear 80 on the shaft 1|] referred to above. Movement, therefore, of the dressing tools '61 by rotation of the shaft 10 carrying pinions 69 and 88 will simultaneously oscillate this dressing tool 16 across the periphery of the wheel l3.

To enable the dressing tools to be initially positioned for operation when a wheel I3 is being mounted on spindle 39 the connection between For this purpose the gear 63 on screw 62 is secured by means of a collar 82 keyed to shaft 82 and having serrations on the face contacting with corresponding serrations on the face of the gear 63. Collar 82 is held on the shaft of screw 82 by a threaded nut 83 retained preferably by a locking ring 84.

In operation and as the wheels become worn and require dressing the heads 88 are individually adjusted downward by hand wheels and their connected mechanism. This movement gives the housing 8| for the dressing tools thereon a downwardmovement of the same amount as the head. Simultaneously with this downward movement of a head 38 and housing, the housing BI is moved along the guideway 68. Thus the dressing tools 66 and their housing 6| are given two simultaneous movements, these movements being of equal amount due to the ratio of the connections between the heads of screws 45 and 62. The acute angle between the guideway for head 38in saddle 3| and the axis of spindle 39 is equal to the acute angle between axis of spindle 39 and the guideway 60 on which the dressing tool housing 6| slides. The two movements of the housing BI have a resultant direction normal to the axis of the wheel l3. The final position of the dressing tools, therefore, by reason of this ratio and disposition of slides 38 and 6|, is correct for any diameter of wheel. With the head 38 moved to its new position the tools 66 are traversed by opera tion of their bars or slides as described above.

By means of the pivot 58 the housing 6| may be oscillated slightly to vary the direction of movement of the dressing tools 66. This adjustment is sufficient to dress the operative side of the wheel l3 to a slightly concave surface sometimes preferred as the active face of a wheel rather than a perfectly plane surface.

What I claim is:

1. A gear grinding machine comprising in combination, a support, opposed carriages slidably mounted thereon, means to adjust the position of said carriages toward and from each other, heads on said carriages, means to pivotally adjust said heads about their carriages, means to adjust said heads in directions at an angle to the'direction of movement of said carriages, abrasive wheels rotatably supported on said heads, dressing attachments for the wheel slidable on said heads, dressing tools in said heads slidable obliquely therein,

direction normal to the axis of the wheel in said head, and means to simultaneously adjust a head on its carriage and a dressing attachment on its head in directions oblique to the plane of the wheel, whereby the active plane of the wheel will remain in predetermined relationship to the work.

2. A gear grinding machine comprising in combination, a support, opposed carriages slidably mounted thereon, means to adjust the position of said carriages toward and from each other, heads adjustable on said carriages in directions at an angle to the direction of movement of said carriage, abrasive wheels supported on said heads for rotation upon axes oblique to the direction of movement of said carriages and heads, dressing attachments movable on said heads in directions oblique to the movement of said heads, opposed slides having dressing tools thereon within said attachments and movable over the work engaging surfaces of said wheels, means to simultaneously adjust a head on its carriage in one direction and adjust a dressing attachment on its head in a direction oblique to the movement of the head, whereby the active plane of said wheel is maintained in predetermined relationship with the work, and manual means to traverse sai slides over said. wheel.

HUBERT D. TANNER.

one of said tools in each head being movable in a III

Images