US2085555A - Pliable shingle - Google Patents

Description

June 292 1937. Q KUHN 2,085,555 u PLIABLE SHINGLE Filed July 13, 1951 WITNEEE yy/p v www ATTHRNEYE Patented June 29, 1937 UNITED sTATEs PLIABLE SHINGLE Otto J. Kuhn, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor to Bakelite Building Products Co. Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware 1 Claim.

This invention relates to an asphaltum or equivalent pliable shingle and to the method of laying similar shingles under what is commonly known as the Dutch method in which the con- 5 tiguous ends of the shingles of each course are arranged in overlapping relation upon the roof boards or siding of the building or upon a sublayer of waterproof material extending from the lower edge of the roof or siding upwardly an indeterminate distance suicient to underly three or four courses of the shingles. v

Shingles laid under this method are usually rectangular and of greater length than width, to allow for the overlap and at the same time l5 to expose greater areas of the shingles to the weather, which, of course, greatly expedites the workand correspondingly reduces the cost of laying, but owing to this greater weather exposure it becomes necessary to provide some 2 means other than the mere nailing of the shingles to the roof for holding the free edges thereof against loosening under winds and other climatic conditions.

In my pending application Serial No. 547,333

filed June 27th, 193-1, I 'have shown and described aspecic form of metal fastener for the purpose of securing overlapping portions of the shingles to each other, and while this'is highly eicient for that purpose, I have found that the method forming the subject matter of the present application is still more expeditious and economical and the main object of the instant invention is to incorporate the locking means for each shingle as a unitary part thereof and in such manner that the interlocking ange or flap of each shingle is adapted to be brought directly under the lower edge of the underlying portion of the adjacent shingle and at the same time form a gauge for determining the amount 40 of lap of each shingle upon the adjacent end of the underlying shingle.

Other objects and uses relating to the specific parts of the shingle and to the method of laying the same will be brought out in the lfollowing description.

In tlie drawingz Figure 1 is a top plan of a portionof a roof or siding equipped with my improved shingles, the right hand shingle of the upper course being shown in its initial position about to be interlocked with the lower edge of the adjacent underlying shingle. i

Figure 2 is a face view of one of the detached shingles.

Application July 13, 1931, Serial No. 550,489

(Cl. 10S-7) Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional View taken in the plane of line 3 3, Figure l.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of portions of several shingles partly broken away to show more clearly the interlocking connections between the lower edges of the overlapping portions thereof.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I have shown portions of a roof or siding A at least a portion of which is covered by a hashing strip or layer a of waterproof paper, felt, or equivalent material, extending upwardly from the lower edge of the roof or siding, a distance sufficient to underlie three or four courses of the shingles", said ashing layer being preferably cemented to the roof boards, but may be additionally secured thereto by nails a' or equivalent fastening means, the object being to reduce the liability of leakage of rain or snow which may be blown under the lower edge of the lowermost portions of the shingles.

It is intended, however, to lay the several courses of shingles in overlapping relation in such manner as to not only reinforce their lower edges, but also to reduce to a minimum the liability of entrance of snow orrain underneath the same.

For this latter purpose, each shingle as l is of greater length than transverse width, or in this instance about 16" long by l2" wide, and together with other similar shingles are cut from a relatively large sheet or roll of asphaltum composition or equivalent pliable waterproof material of suitable thickness without waste, so that one end of the shingle is substantially rectangular, while the other ends of the opposite length- Wise edges are cut at equal angles thereto primarily to form what may be termed a triangular extension 2 at the lower left hand corner of the shingle as shown in Figure 2, leaving the opposite corner bevelled at 3 at the same angle as the hypotenuse of the triangular flap 2, it being understood that the opposite end edges of the shingle will be parallel and at right angles to the lengthwise edges of the rectangular end.

V After the shingleshave been blanked out in the manner shown in Figure 2, the triangular flaps 2 are folded under the adjacent portion of the main body along the line of the .lower edge of the rectangular ends so that the outer end edge'of the flap 2, when folded, will be substantially coincident with the corresponding end edge of the remainingvportion of the shingle.

The length of the base of the triangular extension 2 and transverse width of the outer edge thereof, may, of course, be varied at will, de-

pending somewhat upon the area of the shingle and upon the amount of overlap required for the ends of the shingles of each course, but for shingles of the size described, it is found that the length of the base of the triangular extension should be approximately 4" while the transverse width of the outer edge thereof should be about 2 more or less, depending somewhat upon the amount of required interlock of the folded flap with the adjacent portion of the underlying shingle. p

It, of course, follows that whatever length or width the flap extension 2 may be made, a corresponding complementary form and area of the opposite corner will be cut away to enable the shingles to be cut to the required form without waste.

After the shingles have been cut to the form shown in Figure 2, the triangular extension 2 is folded upwardly under the adjacent portion of the main body along the dotted line 2 which is coincident with the lower edge of the rectangular end of the shingle so that when the. shingles of each course are assembled end to end in overlapping relation, the folded flap or extension 2 will be inserted under the lower edge of the preceding shingle and then moved endwise until the inner end of the flap and also the inner end of the diagonal upper corner register with the right hand edge of the roof or siding toward the rlght hand edge Vthereof and to begin at the lower.

course and from the bottom upward. 'Ihat is,

the left hand shingle of the lower course is rst placed upon the upper surface of the underlying portion of the flashing a, after the latter has been properly secured to the roof boards. the lower edge of the rectangular end of the shingle being registered with the lower edge of the roof, while the upwardly folded flap or extension 2 will be inserted beneath the adjacent lower edge of the flashing to hold the lower edge of this shingle against upward displacement by the elements.

'I'he next shingle of the same-course is then placed ilatwise upon the upper surface of the first shingle with its upwardly folded flange 2 underlying the lower edge of said ilrst shingle, whereupon the second shinglel will be moved endwise toward the right until the inner end of the flap 2 and diagonal c'orner 3 register with the rlght hand edge of the first laid shingle, thereby determining the amount of overlap of the left hand end of the second named shingle upon the right hand end of the first laid shingle, it being understood that prior to the sliding interlocking engagement of thel triangular flap 2 with the'lower edge of the Afirst laid shingle, the

right hand end of said first laid shingle will have been nailed to the underlying portions of a roof to assist in holding said first laid shingle against loosening, and that the nails will be placed in such position as to be covered by the overlapping portion of the second shingle out of the path of movement of the upper diagonal4 edge of the interlocking flap.

In like manner, the right hand end of the second named shingle will be nailed to the roofing,

followed by the placing of the third shingle in operative position upon the second shingle with its upturned flap 2 interlocked with the lower edge of the said second shingle and then moved endwise to the right until the inner end of the flap and corresponding inner end of the diagonal upper corner 3 register with the right hand end of the second named shingle, these operations being repeated until the first course is iinished.

When laying the second course of shingles beginning at the left hand edge of the roof, the rst left hand shingle of that course will be placed upon the first laid shingle of the rst course with its lower edge overlapping upon the upper edge of said first laid shingle of the flrst course and its right hand end edge abutting against the left hand end edge of the second named shingle of the first course, the amount of overlap of the shingles of the second course upon the shingles of the first course being optional with the workman or owner and dependent upon the amount of weather exposure previously determined.

After the first shingle of the second course has been placed in the position just described and secured in place by nails 4 or equivalent fastening means near the lower edge of the underlapping portion, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the second shingle of the second course is then placed upon the previously laid shingle of the same course with its flap 2 interlocked with the lower edge of the underlying portion of the previously laid shingle and is then moved to the right until the right hand end of the flap 2 and diagonal corner 3 register with the right hand end of the first laid shingle of said second course, these operations being repeated until the second course is completed and the shingles of each course laid in a similar manner from left tomaterial, it is obvious that the upper left hand' corner of the shingle might remain rectangular leaving only the triangular flap 2 at the lower left hand corner of the shingle for interlocking connection with the adjacent portion of the underlying shingle without 'departing from the spirit oi' l the invention.

It is also evident that the form of the extension 2 might be varied within the scope of the invention so long as it serves the double purpose of an interlock with the adjacent portion of the underlying shingle and also as a gauge to determine the amount of overlap of the ends of the shingles of each course one upon the other.

It win be noted that this method of interlocking the shingles of the several courses with each other is specifically useful in connection with the Dutch method of'laying in which the adjacent ends of each course are arranged in overlapping relation and the portions of each shingle overlying the overlap are nailed to the roofing or siding in such manner that the heads of thenails are concealed by the overlaps 'so that when the upwardly folded flanges 2 are interlocked with the underlying shingle, it will be sulciently close to the nailed portions thereof to assure the retention of the vio overlapping shingle in place without the use of any nails in said overlapping portion.

It is to be understood, however* that the upper left hand cornerof each shingle will be nailed to the-roof boards or siding in such manner that vwhen the successive courses are' laid they will cover the end of the nails.

This method of laying the shingles is particularly expeditious and economical due to the tact that they upwardly folded extension flap 2 is freely slidable imder the lower edge of the adjacent shingle and determines the "amount of end overlap of successive shingles of each course aided by the diagonal corners l-which, of course, are covered by the overlap of suoceive courses of the shingles.'

What I claim is:

t e incassa A surface covering of flexible shingles, said shingles having a retroverted locking tab of greater length lthan depth extending from one end of their butt edge and having a notch of similar shape to the tab in the opposite edge, at the same end 'of the shingle, said shingles being laid in courses vwith the side edge of each shingle adjacentfits retroverted tab' laterally overlapping the opposite side edge of an vadjacentshingle in the samecourse,therebeingapairofspacedapart nails positioned longitudinally adjacent the leadinsedgeofthetabandpassingthroughtheoverlapped shingle portion, said nails being sumciently close to the tab leading edge to assure retention of the overlapping shingle in place in assembly without the use of nails on the overlapping portion.

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