US2083169A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

June 8, 1937. A. E; MARTols GAS BURNER Filed DSG. 3, 1935 BM@ M ATTORNEY.

Patented June 8, 1937 NTE STATS ATENT Q'FFICE Arthur E. Martois,-'.1orrance, Calif. l Application December s, i935', serial No. 52,674

6 claims. (o1. 15s-f7) This invention relates to devices for mixing vcombustible gases and air 4and introducing the fuel thus produced into the combustion chambers of boilers, kilns, furnaces and other situations.

5 In order to burn gas properly it is necessary,

before igniting it, to introduce a suilicient quantity of air and mix it with the gas as thoroughly as possible, but at the same time it is desirable to add no more air than is necessary in order l to secure the highest combustion eiiiciency. Ex-

cess of air will tend to produce an oxidizing flame which is harmful to heating surfaces and to the linings of furnaces and iireboxes. Heat units will also be wasted in warming up excess amounts l of air, if admitted.

Heretofore gas burning devices have been used which provide a certain degree of the desired requirements, but have been limited in capacity due to xed size of air and gas mixing chambers. This for the reason that the gas manifolds have been made of a single casting with air ports, fixed in size, so that air openings could not be readily changed to conform to the increase in the amount of gas injected through the gas jets. In order to provide sufficient air for com bustion it then became necessary to admit additional air through auxiliary vents; but the highest efciency does not result from this procedure, as the best results can only be obtained by an intimate mixture of air and gas before admission to the combustion space. n

In the manufacture of such devices, great skill is required in the molding and casting of the same in order to insure a uniform distribution of metal and to overcome strains due to shrinkage. Internal strains and stresses in such castings, involving intricate cores, etc., cannot be determined, and consequently when placed in use in the walls of the boilers or furnaces and subjected to high temperatures with subsequent cooling, the resultant expansion and contraction very frequently cause the casting to be injured by crackin-g. This old method of making, a burner unit requires a separate pattern for each size of burner to meet the demands of any one service.

By this invention the foregoing objectionable features are overcome.

It is, accordingly, an object of the invention to provide a gas burner structure which will be an improvement upon the gas burners at present in use to furnish power for steam engines which forni a part of well drilling equipment.

In this class of work there has long been felt a need for a simple and more quickly and easily installable gas burner structure, in place of the unwieldy, cumbersome gas burning means which it has thus far been found necessary to use'for the purpose of obtaining the `large amount of gas combustion required to produce sufficient heat to operate large steam engines effectively. By this invention a more easily handled and more readily installable gas burning means is provided, and at the same time efficiency of gas combustion is improved upon. 10

Speaking more specifically, the invention pertains to gas burner construction formed in sections which may very readily be assembled and disassembled, and which are particularly well adapted to be installed in the i'lreboxes of steam 15 boilers in whatever number may be required to burn suflicent gas to heat the boiler as required.

The invention further relates to a new article of manufacture consisting of a combined furnace building block and gas burner. 20

Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will hereinafter appear.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates what is at present deemed to be a preferred embodiment of the invention, 25

Fig. l is a perspective view of a burner structure embodying the invention in use to heat a steam boiler, a fragment of which is included in the view.

Fig. 2 is a view partly in plan and partly in 30 transverse section, the sectioned portion thereof being taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a series of assembled burner units.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line 4 4 of 35 Fig. 2.

`be termed the basic, typical burner element of the structure consists of a hollow plateelike casting l having therewithin a gas chamber 8 which 40 is completely inclosed except for the two oppositely disposed circularopenings 9 and il),

located near one edge of said member, and the two oppositely directed gas outlet passages 2l which are preferably located near the opposite 45 edge of said member.

Said circular openings 9 and lil are screwthreaded to receive pipes I5 whereby two or more of said members 'l may be rigidly united in a parallel spaced` relation to each other. In 50 Fig. 4 two of these members are shown united by a short pipe l5 which has itsA end portions screwed intovr the openings 9 of each member, while the opening l0 lof the right handl member (in this 'instance the nal member of aseries) has its 55 opening I closed by a screw plug or capV I6. The pipe fragment |a at the left side of the View may have its opposite end screwed into another member 1, or it may communicate directly with the gas supply. The burner elements 1 are shown in an upstanding position in this View, but it is to be understood that an upstanding position is not essential to their successful operation.

Describing further the burner construction as positioned in Fig. 4, near the upper edge of each hollow plate or block there is provided at each side of said plate a row of exterior bosses or spuds through which lead the upwardly inclined gas outlet passages 2|. In Fig. 4 the air space between the members l is designated 22 and the mixing chamber thereabove isv designated 23. The interior burner outlet passages 2| are positioned to cause upwardly and inwardly inclined streams of gas to collide with each other in said 20 mixing chamber 23. Said mixing chamber is walled in at its ends by the refractory wall'plates 24 fitting in between the members and extending down substantially to their lower edges. As an aid to keeping said plates 24 in place each 25 casting l is provided with pairs of spaced, vertical ribs 26, the ribs in each pair being spaced apart suiliciently to admit between them an edge portion of a refractory end plate 24. The side plates 25 rest upon Vthe top edges of the cast members and are of a sufficient width to cause their upper edges to aline with the top edges of the end plates 24, and may be long enough to border several of the burner castings l. The lower corner portions of the end plates 24 rest upon projections 2l between the paired ribs 2E. The gas outlet passages 2| are shown located midway between said plates 21|.

Those gas outlet passages which are located on the outer sides of an assembly of burner castings 'l are furnished with plugs 28 to prevent gas from escaping outside the combustion chamber.

Owing to the fact that combustion occurs at a level considerably higher than the top portions of the burner castings, said castings are not eX- posed to the destructive eifects of high temperatures. The mixing chamber 23, which immediately underlies the space where combustion takes place, is walled in on all four sides by an open-topped structure consisting of the wall members 24 and 25, the wall members 25 being substantially upward continuations of the walls formed by the hollow blocks or plates 1, while the wall members 24 at the center and outer ends of the structure shown in Figs. 2 and 3 are located substantially opposite to the end walls of said plates 'l and extend at right angles to the latter plates.

In Fig. l is shown an embodiment of the invention which is installed in the fire box 29 of a steam boiler 3|) which is supported by brick courses 3| and 32. The inner wall 33 of the fire box is shown, furnished with an inwardly extending ledge 34 upon which rest angular hangers 35 thus supporting above the floor of the fire box an assembly 36 of the burners 'l arranged'in a bank formation. Below said burners is an air space 38 to which air is conducted by the flues 39 having adjustable doors or damper plates 40.

Any type of aircontrol to admit the proper amount of air can be used in connection with this invention. It can be operated on natural draft combustion at the desired rate. Forced and/or induced draft can also be employed.

This gas burner structure is arranged to admit gas through a multiple of jets and mix it with air in a multiple of mixing chambers, thus reducing the pressure on the gas to a minimum, and thereby obtaining complete combustion of the gas with a suiiciency of air under al1 ring conditions.

I claim:

1. A gas burner unit comprising two hollow plate-like members positioned in a parallel spaced relation to each other and a gas supply pipe uniting said members and aiording interior communication between them, said members being furnished with gas outlet passages which issue at opposite sides of the space between them and which areV directed towards each other to produce commingling streams of gas.

2. A gas burner construction comprising two hollow upstanding plate-like members positioned in a parallel spaced relation to each other, a gas supply means communicating interiorly with said members, said members having gas outlet pasages arranged to cause issuing streams of gas to be directed upwardly with relation to the space between them, a plurality of upstanding refractory plates partitioning off the space between said members and extending up to a higher level than the upper edges of said members, and other refractory plates or blocks the lower edges of which are supported by and alined with the upper edge portions of said members and cooperating with the first recited refractory plates to form a mixing chamber above said members, said chamber being open-topped and walled in on all four sides.

3. The subject matter of claim 2 and, the gas supply means for said hollow members including a pipe which rigidly unites them and communicates interiorly with them.

4. A gas burning unit comprising two hollow plate-like parallel members each of which has substantially parallel side walls, said members being spaced apart thereby providing between them a space wider than that afforded by either of their hollow portions, open-topped means walling in all four sides of the space immediately above said members, a mixing chamber thus being provided within said walled-in space, there being gas outlet passages to eject gas into said mixing chamber from the interiors of said platelike members, and a gas supply pipe rigidly uniting said members in the aforesaid position with relation to each other.

5. The subject matter of claim 4 and, said opentopped means consisting of two sets of wall members, one set of which is positioned as an upward continuation of the side walls of said plate-like members and the other set of which is in substantial alinement with the end walls of said members, the latter set having downwardly extending portions which close the end spaces between said members.

6. As an article of manufacture, a rectangular hollow block with external oppositely directed bosses on its side walls, said walls beingV substantially parallel, there being gas outlet passages extending through said bosses into the interior of the block in an inclined relation to the faces thereof, said block being provided with two axially alined openings through said side walls, said openings being adapted to receive gas vsupply conduits.

ARTHUR E. MARTOIS.

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