US208259A - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 O. NEOKER. Sewing-Machine. No. 208,259. Patented Sept. 24, I878.

I frweni r I C'wrl Jrgmry 6 611/ v N. PETERS, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHlNGTON D O.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I O. NEGKER' Sewing-Machine.

Patented Sept. 24, 1878.

Invenhn;

N.PETER$, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON. D O,

UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CARL NEGKER, OF BERLIN, PRUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 208,259, dated September 24, 1878; application filed May 7, 1878; patented in England, February 28, 1877.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL NncKER, of Berlin, Prussia, have invented an Improvement in Sewing-Machines, of which the foL lowing is a specification:

This invention has for its object improvements in sewing-machines, and the improvements have reference to sewing-machines in which thefabric to be sewed is nipped and held between the circumference of two horizontal cylinders, which are pressed together, and are mounted at some distance above the bedof the machine. The needle by which the fabric is pierced is, as heretofore, ahorizontal needle, and is worked to and fro radially to the axis of the cylinders and over the point at which the cylinders meet together. It is carried by an arm from a slide, to which a horizontal to and-fro motion is given from a crank-disk, the pin of which operates inaslotted cam. I make the arm of a curved form, to pass over and clear the feeding-cylinder nearest to the camaxis, and so as to come over the top of the' outer feeding-cylinder. The needle is secured to the end of the said arm with its point to ward the cam-axis, so that the needle pierces the fabric as it moves in a direction toward this axis.

To secure the loops of the thread passed through the fabric by the horizontal needle, another thread is passed through the loops by a shuttle. I cause the shuttle to oscillate to and fro in a circular race, situated above one of the cylinders which is nearest to the camshaft, and which race has its face close up to the point where the two cylinders meet.

The shuttle-race is in a vertical plane, and the shuttle-driver is carried by a horizontal axis, to which a revolving oscillating motion is imparted from the cam-shaft. The axis may for this purpose have a pinion upon its rear end, gearing with a curved toothed rack, carried by a horizontal arm, which is caused to rock to and fro by a cam or eccentric on the cam-axis, the cam-axis in this case being placed vertically.

The vertical stems of the two feeding-cylinders, for feeding forward the fabric, both pass down through the bed of the machine, and

upon the lower end of each is a toothed wheel.

The two toothed wheels gear together, so that if one spindle is turned the other turns with it. whereby both cylinders aid to feed the fabric forward.

A step-by-step revolving motion is given to, one of i the spindles by a ratchet acting upon a wheel on its lower end, the ratchet being actuated from a cam or eccentric on the cam or driving shaft before mentioned.

The lower end of the spindle of one of the cylinders (the outer one) is carried by the end of a lever below the bed of the machine. A spring acts upon this lever to turn it in a direc tion to force the cylinder which itcarries up to and against the other cylinder, the axis of which turns in fixed bearings. The lever is connected to a treadle, so that by depressing the treadle the movable cylinder may be moved away from the other cylinder and the cylinders be so caused to release their hold of the work. 7

In place of securing the loops of threads passed through the fabric by the straight needle, by interlacing with them loops of another thread by means of a shuttle, as above described, they may be secured by passing another thread through them by a curved needle. In this case loops of another thread are passed through and interlaced with them by a curved needle, which has an oscillating revolving motion given to it, as is well understood; but in place of this curved needle being upon a spindle at right angles to the straight needle, as is usual in other classes of sewingmachines, it is upon a spindle parallel with it. This spindle lies above the top of the cylinder nearest to the cam-axis.

To give motion to the spindle, I form its rear end with a spiral twist, which is embraced by a nut upon the slide of the straight needle, so that as this slide moves to and fro in a straight line an oscillating revolving motion is given to the axis of the curved needle. 1

Having thus described the nature of my invention, I will proceed to describe more fully the manner of performing the same.

In the drawings hereunto annexed I have shown a shuttle sewing-machine arranged as hereinbefore described.

Figure 1 is a side view of the machine, with the cover-plate of its left-hand portion removed. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, with the top cover of the same portion of the machine removed. Fig. 3 is an under-side view of the machine 5 and Fig. 4 is a front view of a portion of the same.

In these figures, A is the drivin g-axis, which may be driven by a cord from an axis worked by a treadle, or may be otherwise driven. This axis gives motion, through bevel-toothed wheels, to an upright axis, B, from which motion is given to the several parts of the machine. On its upper end it carries a crankdisk, the pin 0 of which enters a slotted cam, I), attached to a slide, D, that carries the needle. It also carries an eccentric, B, (see Fig. 2,) which gives a to-and-fro motion to a toothed are, E, carried by arms, between which the eccentric works, and which turn on a pin at E The toothed are E gives a to-andfro motion to a pinion, F, on an axis, F, which, at its opposite end, carries the shuttle driver. On the lower end of the axis Bis an eccentric, G, for giving a step -by step motion to the feedin g-cylinders, as hereinafter described.

H H are the two feeding-cylinders, between which the work is nipped and held, and which move the work forward step by step as-the stitching progresses. The stem of the cylinder H, which is nearest to the axis 13, is carried down through the bed-plate I of the machine, and has upon it, below the bed-plate, a toothed wheel. H which gears with a toothed wheel, H 011 the stem of the cylinder H so that when one cylinder is revolved the other revolves with it.

The stem of the cylinder H is hollow, and is free to turn upon a rod, J, fixed in the shorter arm of the lever J. The longer arm of this lever has bearing upon it a rod, J pressed downward by a spring, J so that the cylinder H is constantly pressed toward the cylinder H. The longer arm has also connected toit a rod, J, which descends to a treadle, by which it can be raised, and when raised it turns the lever J on its fulcrum J and so moves the cylinder H away from the cylinder H whenever it is desired to set the work free, the slot in the bed-plate I, through which the stem of the cylinder H descends, being sufficiently large to allow the stem to be thus rocked to and fro. On the lower end of the stem of the cylinder H is a disk, K, against the circumference of which rests a portion of the ratchet-leverL, which turns loosely around the stem.

The end of the lever which bears upon the circumference of the disk K has connected to it a spring, L which draws it constantly to ward afixed pin, L to which the opposite end of the spring is connected. The opposite arm of the lever L is connected by a link to a rockin g lever, L turning on a fulcrum at L, and this lever is rocked by the eccentric G on the lower end of the axis B, as shown at Fig. 3.

By this means a rocking motion is given to the backward motion of the ratchet-lever, but

which allows it to turn on the forward move ment of the lever, when it gripes against the circumference of the disk, as is well understood.

The amount of movement given to the cylinder H at each revolution of the eccentric G can be varied by moving the fulcrum of the rocking lever L nearer to or farther from the eccentric. It is for this purpose mounted on a slide, L carried by the bed-plate, and which can be fixed in any desired position by a set screw, L (Shown at Fig. 2.)

The above ratchet arrangement for giving a step-by-step movement to the stem of the cylinderH is what is known as a smooth or silent ratchet; but other ratchet arrangements might be used.

The slide D, which carries the needle, passes, as shown, above the top of the cylinder H, and at its end passes downward, and carries a horizontal needle just above the top of the cylinder H lts pointed end, which carries a thread, as usual, works to and fro over the point where the cylinders H H meet together, and as it passes over the cylinder H it enters a small hole formed in the front fiXGd. portion of the circular shuttlerace M. (See Fig. 4.)

The shuttle N, carrying the second thread, lies in the shuttle-race, and is rocked to and fro in this race by a shuttle-driver, O, on the axis F, to which a to-and-fro revolving motion is given, as hereinbefore described.

The front face of the shuttle-race M is inclosed' by a movable plate, M which can be turned aside, as shown at Fig. 4, for the purpose of removing the shuttle. O is a small spring on the shuttle-driver O, to bear against the front of the shuttle. The thread for the horizontal needle passes from the bobbin I, to which any ordinary friction arrangement is applied, and through an eye, P to an eye in a rocking arm, P which is by a spring moved backward as the needle moves forward, so as to take up slack thread. The thread also, for the same purpose, passes through a slotted rod, P and rests upon a cap, P pressed upward by a spring around the slotted rod, as shown at Fig. 1. It then passes through eyes P on the needle-arm to the needle.

As before stated, a second thread may be passed through and interlaced with the loops of the straight horizontal needle by means of a curved needle, which has an oscillating revolving motion given to it, as hereinbefore described, in place of passing a thread through the loops of the thread of the straight needle by a shuttle, as above more particularly described.

Having thus described the nature of my inven tion and the manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that the details of the machine hereinbefore described and shown in the drawings may be considerably varied; but

What I claim is 1.- The combination of the reciprocating arm carrying the straight needle, the feedin gcylinders H H and the shuttle O or its de-. scribed equivalent, the said needle being carried above the cylinder H farthest from the cam-axis and moving toward this axis in its forward movement, as hereinbefore described.

2. The combination, with the feeding-cylinders H and H, of a shuttle -race arranged over one of said feeding-cylinders and near their point of meeting, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GARL NEGKER.

Witnesses:

OTHMAR LENZ, EDWARD P. MAoLEAN.

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