US2081477A

US2081477A - Pump

Info

Publication number: US2081477A
Application number: US20460A
Authority: US
Inventors: Egersdorfer Fritz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-04-25
Filing date: 1935-05-08
Publication date: 1937-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 1954-05-25

Description

May 25, 1937. F. EGERSDRF'ER PUMP Filed May 8. 1935 1 i n W :l Z w wf lll,

g y E r mw Patented May 25, 193.7

PATENT oFFicE PUMP Fritz Egersdrfen' Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany lApplication May s, 1935, serial No. 20.460 v In Germany April 25, 1933 4 claims. lorica-162) 'I'he invention relates to pumps, particularlyV fuel pumps for internal combustion engines, and is concerned with pumps in which an axially movable plunger or plungers is or are actuated 5 by a cam or swash plate. l

It is usual in connection with pumps of this kind to provide the rotor with suction' and delivery passages, and the suction passage at the circumference of the rotor must in that case be made tight, during the pressure stroke, by means of a specialcguide member. As the rotor has a comparatively high circumferential velocity the packing is dilcult, and considerable heating is caused by friction. This is very harmful, for

- instance, when pumping petrol or gasolene, as it causes vapour to be generated.

According to my invention this defect is removed by placing the suction and delivery channels for the liquid in the shaft driving the rono tor.' The shaft then functions as a rotary valve `of low circumferential velocity, and the diiliculties with regard to packing and friction are re-v duced to a minimum.

'I'he invention can be applied to pumps for any 25 purpose. It is of particular value for the fuel pumps of internal combustion engines. 'I'he shaft may have a plurality of fuel channels and ports serving a series of fuelnozzles in succession.

l30 In the preferred form the shaft has a channel ternatively a single plunger may serve several channels. the delivery stroke, occurring during rotation through 180, being sub-divided so that for example two channels are served, each during 45 rotation through 90. 4

The invention enables a high speed rotary pump to be used for fuel injection, as it combines reliable and accurate working with avoidance of4 liability to overheating.

50 A pump constructed in accordance with the invention is `shown by yway of example in the annexed drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section thereof on the line I-l of Fig. 2, Fl|.2asectionontheline2-2 ofFlg.1,and

Fig. 3 a sectional view of part of the mechanism.

In the drawing a designates the pump chamber and b the distributing chamber. As shown in the drawing these are made in one casing, but 5 they may be made as separate parts, joined by appropriate means. In the chamber a there is a rotor c having therein plungers e working inlongitudinal bores d. Outside the bores d the plungers have heads f engaged with hemispherilo cal shoes g, g. 'I'hese shoes are seated in pockets h. in a swash plate i, and are retained in the pockets by a ring i'. 'I'he shoes are capable of universal rotational movement in the pockets, Without radial play. The swash plate i is rotat- 15 ably mounted on a pivoted carrier lc, and is engaged with a carrier or universal joint l xed to the rotor, so that it rotates with the rotor.. The rotor has roller or ball bearings m at its circumference, and the plate i is seated on a ball bearing i".

Integral with the rotor, or bolted thereto, is a driving shaft n extending through the distributing chamber b, with a ball bearing n' taking axial thrust, so that endwise movement of the rotor,resu1ting in irregular delivery, is prevented.

The shaft n is hollow, and into its bore v is fitted a rod v', which has longitudinal channels p communicating at one end with the bores d, by

.means of ducts p". At the other end the channels p terminate at -ports p' formed in the hollow shaft. VThe hollow construction of the shaft, with a rod tted into it, facilitates the provision of the channels. In the course of the rotation of the shaft the ports p' are in succession placed 35 'opposite bores r' in plugs r, which are held against thev shaft by spring pressure. Each of the bores r communicates with a pipe s (Fig. 2) leading to a fuel nozzle served by the pump. There are three plungers e, Figs. 1 and 2 showing 40 only two of them, one for each bore r.

The shaft n rotates in a iixed bushing t having for each plug r an annular slot t', which may be eccentric. Each of these slots opens into a port t" communicating with a feed chamber u, to which the fuel to be pumped isdsupplied through a pipe u' (Fig. 2).

It may be convenient to construct the shaft Aand the rotor as separate parts, and connect them by means of bolts.

Over-heating of the pump is not liable to occur, as all the rubbing surfaces are amply flushed by the liquid pumped.

At the driving end of the shaft there is a gaskei: w thrust by spring pressure against the face w' of a head y nxed to the chamber b. A grease box feeds grease to the face w'. The gasket is joined directly to the shaft.

',lhe suction stroke of each plunger e causes liquid to be sucked through a port p', channel p and duct p" into one of the bores d. This operation may, for example, occur during half a revolution of the rotor. During the following half revolution the liquid is forced -back into the suction channel till the respective port p faces one of the bores r', whereupon delivery takes place. When the port has cleared the mouth of the bore such liquid as may continue to issue from it enters the feed channel u.

The rate of delivery is controlledby adjusting the angle of the swash plate, or lin any other convenient manner.

It will be understood that the plungers may be actuated by a cam or swash plate of any other construction, and that springs or the like may be interposed between them and the actuating gear.

I claim:

1. A distributor pump for liquid fuel comprising a stationary casing, a rotor in said casing having a plurality 1of axial bores constituting pump cylinders, a plunger in each cylinder, means forraially reciprocating the plungers, a drive shaft of smaller diameter than the rotor ext'ending therefrom, said shaft having a. plurality of axial channels of different lengths each communicating at one end with one of the pump cylinders and having at the other end a port in the surface of the shaft, said ports being located in different planes axially of said drive shaft, means for admitting fuel into said ports duringr part of each revolution of the shaft, a plurality of plugs arranged radially to the shaft in holes in the casing said plugs having bores communicating with said ports during the other part of each revolution of the shaft. and means `for maintaining sealing contact between said plugs and the shaft.

2. A distributor pump for liquid fuel comprising a stationary casing, a rotor in said casing having a plurality lof axial bores constituting vpump cylinders. a plunger in each cylinder,

communicating with said axial channels during the other part of each revolution of the shaft and being exposed at both `their ends to the pressure of the pumped liquid, and springs for maintaining sealing contact between said plugs and the shaft.

3. A device according to claim 1, in which the means for axially reciprocating the plungers includes a swash plate, a ring for connecting the plungers to said plate, and a carrier movably supporting said plate in the casing.

4. A device according to claim 1, in which. the admission means includes a feed chamber' and a `:iixed bushing around the drive shaft, said bushing having for each cylinder a port leading from said chamber into an annular slot extending partly around the shaft in the plane of the corresponding port in said shaft.

FRITZ EGERSDR