US2081456A

US2081456A - Paper making apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2081456A
Application number: US90196A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles W Howard
Original assignee: Black Clawson Co
Current assignee: Black Clawson Co
Priority date: 1936-07-11
Filing date: 1936-07-11
Publication date: 1937-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 1954-05-25

Description

May 25, 1937. C w, HQwARD 2,081,456

PAPER MAKING APPARATUS Filed July 11, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I/////// g 35 u x 4 33 23 6 r 1 Z Z L; f a so a a I l E 6 $3 6 g l l 35 28 g l I I .32 E l 33 i I i i I l INVENTOR May 25, 1937. c. w. HOWARD PAPER MAKING APPARATUS Filed July 11, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 llllllllillllll I I l l l I I ||l INVENTOR BY M )ia ATTORNEY Patented May 25, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE The Black- Clawson Company,

Hamilton,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application July 11, 1936, Serial No. 90,196

15 Claims.

This invention relates to waxed paper and the like.

One object of the invention resides in the removal of cooling water and the like from the surface of a traveling sheet of waxed paper, the water removal being accomplished in an effec-' tive manner by a succession of shaving actions as the paper moves in a downward direction.

Another object is the removal of the water from waxed paper and the like in such a manner as to minimize the broke loss.

Another object is the provision of apparatus including fixed blades for removing water from the surface of a waxed paper web and the like,

in which the construction is such as to facilitate rethreading the paper when a break occurs.

Another object is the removal of the water.

from waxed .paper and the like without suction devices and other power requiring mechanism.

Another object is the provision of apparatus for removing water from the surface of a waxed sheet, comprising blades which are inclined downwardly and away from a downwardly moving sheet at a small angle to the sheet and at a small angle to the vertical so that a comparatively small angular change takes place in thedirection of movement of the particles of water as they leave the surface of the sheet, in order that the force of gravity is most efiectively utilized.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings, in which-- 7 Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an apparatus embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a water removal apparatus;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a portion of the water removal apparatus;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a portion of the apparatus, on 'an enlarged scale;- 1

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Fi 4;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line 6-t of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is a full size view of one of the shaving blades.

Referring more particularly to the drawings by reference numerals, Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment-of the invention in a rather diagrammatic manner. In this figure reference numeral iii represents a reel of paper-or other sheet material to which a coating of paraflin waxorthellkeistobeapplied. Thepaperweb H isguided over a guide roll [2 and to. a pair of waxing rolls l3 which are arranged in or above a suitable tank I containing melted pa'raffin.- The paper may be supplied directly to the nip' of the rolls, l3 or may be guided beneath a submerging roll [5 to receive a wax coating on both sides. The waxed sheet moving on from between the nip of the rolls I3 is then passed into a cooling tank I! containing cold water or other suitable cooling liquid, the submerging roll i8 causing the waxed paper to flow through the water so as to rapidly chill the wax and harden it. It is then very desirable to remove all of the water that clings as small globules or particles on both surfaces of the sheet. Various ways have been attempted to remove this surface water before the waxed sheet is wound up in the form of a roll as indicated at I8, and one form of water removal apparatus a that has been used to a large extent makes use of suction to remove the surface water as the sheet passes upwardly from the cooling tank past suction pipes. However, such suction devices are expensive in construction and operation and offer certain objections. which are avoided in accordance with the present invention.

' As herein shown, the waxed paper web moves upwardly from the water bath to an upper guide roll 20 provided near the upper end of the water removal apparatus designated generally by the reference numeral 2i. The water'is removed from the surface of the web of waxed paper as the latter moves downwardly from the guide roll 20 to a lower guide roll 22, the latter serving to guide the paper in a suitable manner for movement to the winding reel I8. The two rolls 2!! and 22 are suitably journalled in side frames 23, which may besuitable hollow castings having base portions 28 adapted to be mounted on the sides of the water tank ll.

As the waxed paper moves downwardly from the roll 20 it traverses an upper series of blades 26, which are all adapted for shaving engagement with a light contact, with one side of the paper and which operate successively to remove water particles from the waxed sheet by a com-- bined shaving and gravitational action and without the use of suction devices. The blades 26, as shown, are so positioned that their shaving edges collectively define a quite gradually curved line, see Fig. 2, although the line of downward movement of the paper does not depart to any large degree from a vertical line at any point along the water removal zone. There is preferably some light pressure of the web against the blades, although the first blade or two of a series may beentirely out of contact with the paper if desired. The pressure of the paper against any blade, however, is quite small due to the very gradual curve in which the web moves, as defined by the shaving edges of the blades.

Each of the blades 26 is a rather thin metal blade, preferably having a thickness of the order of about one-sixteenth inch, having a thin sharp shaving edge, the blade surface presented toward the paper being inclined at a small angle to thepaper and being inclined also at a small angle to the vertical. The side of the blade remote from the paper and adjacent the blade edge is also preferably inclined at a small angle considerably less than 45 to the paper and to the vertical. The angle of inclination of the blades to the paper sheet may be as shown in the construction illustrated in Fig. 7, where the paper facing sides of the blades are inclined at an angle of about 10 to the vertical while the, sides of the blades remote from the paper and adjacent the blade edge is at an angle of about 20 to the vertical. These angles, however, may be somewhat yvaried although the angularity of the blades to the paper should be comparatively small and less; than 45 to obtain a very effective separation of the water from the paper as the paper travels downwardly past a number of these blades. And with the angularity of the blades as above referred to, it has been found that any scraping action of the blades on the wax is not such as to cause scratches or marks on the waxed sheet. Quite a number of blades are utilized to completely remove the surface Water from a side of a rapidly moving sheet of paper to such an extent that the wound up waxed sheet will be of uniform appearance and will not be marred by spots caused by water drops or particles. Twelve such blades are illustrated in the drawings for each side of the sheet.

With the blades arranged as above mentioned, the action of gravity is most effectively utilized, for the gravitational force on any particle of water on the sheet naturally tends to make that particle of water move in a downward direction and that natural tendency to move downwardly is not interfered with to any large extent when the Water particle comes in contact with a shaving blade. The direction of the water particle is merely changed through a comparatively small angle and still continues to move generally downwardly but it then moves along the surface of the blade, to which it has a natural tendency to adhere because of the metallic character of the blade. Even though the blade may be very slightly spaced from the body of the paper as the shaving blade with which the downwardly moving sheet contacts effectively separates a large part of the water, and successive blades act successively to remove the remaining water particles, the removed water running down the inclined surface of the blades and being disposed of as will be presently described.

The air currents produced in accordance with the arrangement described also assist the removal of the water, for the air movement following the rapidly traveling paper, and produced by the friction of the paper is deflected by the blades to move away from the paper and create an entraining action tending to pull the water particles from the sheet just ahead of and at the point of contact between blade and sheet.

After the waxed paper has passed the upper series of shaving blades 25, it is engaged by a second series of blades 21, which are similar in construction to the blades 26 but Which incline downwardly and away from the opposite side of the sheet, to remove the water effectively from this opposite side of the sheet. The shaving edges of the blades of the lower series, the angularity of the blades, and the number of the blades is preferably similar to the arrangement of the blades 26 except that the lower series is adapted for engagement with the opposite side of the paper. As will be apparent from Fig. 2, the upper and lower series of blades together define a gradual reversed curve as the web moves from the upper roll to the lower roll 22 of the water removal apparatus.

The

shaving blades

26 and 21 are preferably detachably connected by suitable screws or the like to blade holders 28, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. The blade holders are preferably metal plates, having bolt receiving slots 29 which receive securing bolts 30, the latter extending vertically through the Various holders 28 and through spacing blocks 3! which are arranged between adjacent holders and which are preferably secured by fastening bolts 32 to a back plate 33; The back plate 33 may be a suitable casting providing a common support for all of the bladesZB of the upper blade series, a similar plate being provided for the lower series of blades 21. These plates or supports 33 extend between and are bolted to the side frames 23 by means of bolts 35. As will be apparent, the slots 29 which are provided in the holders 28 permit lateral adjustment in the positioning of the blades so that the degree of curvature of the path of travel of the paper can be altered, as desired, and so that the action of the various shaving blades may be equalized. The various attaching bolts 32 may be loosened, and with the bolts 30 loosened the position of the blade holders 28 may be adjusted. When the bolt 30 is o tightened the variousholders are held fixed in their relative positions and fixed with respect to the frame.

The water that is shaved from the paper passes laterally along the holders 28 and into the chambers 36 of the side frames 23. Thus the water that is removed from the paper has no tendency to fall on some lower portion of the paper, but is returned directly to the tank I'l through the openings 31 in the base portion of the side frames.

Near the upper end of the water removal apparatus, the latter is provided with a curved plate 30 fixed to a tube 4| at the front and. to a trough or tube portion 42. These tubes are secured at their opposite ends on the side frames 23 and c communicate with the interior of the side frames.

.This plate is efiective in catching any drops of end frame. The water that moves to the rear on the plate 40 is collected in the trough or tube 42 I and fiows out the end of the tube into the side frames.

By reason of the grouping of those blades which engage one side of the paper, and having the blades which engage the other side of the paper so positioned as to become efiective after the paper passes the last blade of the first series, the paper can be curved in a gradual line, and if a break occurs in the paper it will be apparent that it is a very simple matter to rethread the paper over the upper roll 20 and past all of the blades and under the lower roll 22, the arrangement of the blades in upper and lower series permitting this rethreading operation in an exceedingly simple manner. However breaks in the paper will not be frequent since any small defects in the paper, such as a small hole in the paper which causes a projecting paper fragment are not apt to cause a break in the web. Any projecting particle would be so bent or cut by'the first blade of aseries that the other blades of that series would be without any effect tending to cause a break. 7 As will now be apparent. the water or other cooling liquid can be removed from a waxed sheet by apparatus that does not require any additional power to be efiective, the power required to pull the web through the waxing machine being uti lized without requiring any additional suction de: vices and the like. This removal of the water is accomplished with a very small broke loss and produces a drier sheet than has been obtained in practice by the usual suction devices. When a break in the paper does occur it is a comparatively simple matter to rethread the sheet, and as soon as the paper moves again the water removal immediately becomes efiective.

While the method herein described, and the forms of apparatus for carrying this method into efiect, constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the ini/ention is not limited to this precise method and forms of apparatus, and that changes may be made in either without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: v 1. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, and 'a series of shaving blades successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, said blades inclining downwardly away from the web and having shaving edges positioned in a gradual curve to gradually curve the path of travel of the web.

2. Apparatus for removing water and the like from the surface of a web of paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, and a series of shaving blades successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, said blades having shaving edges positioned to quite gradually curve the path of travel of the web and inclining downwardly away from the web at a small angle to the web and at a small angle to the vertical and removing the water from the web by a combined gravitation and shaving action.

3. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, and a series of sharp metal blades successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, said blades inclining downwardly away from the web at a small angle to the web and at a small angle to the vertical and removing the Walter from the' web by a combined gravitation nd shaving action.

4. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed-paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, an upper series of shaving blades successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, and a second series of shaving blades provided below the upper series and engageable with the other side of the downwardly moving web, the blades of each series having shaving edges positioned to define a gradually curved path of travel of the web, said blades inclining downwardly away from the web.

5. Apparatus of the character described comprising means for guiding a web in a downward direction, an upper series of shaving blades succe'ssively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, and a second series of shaving blades provided below the upper series and engageable with the other side of the downwardly moving web, the blades of each series having shaving edges inclining downwardly away from the web.

6. Apparatus for removing surface material from a downwardly traveling web comprising an upper series of shaving blades. successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, and a second series of shaving blades provided below the upper series and engageable with the other side of the downwardly moving web, the blades inclining downwardly away from the web and having shaving edges adapted for substantial line contact with the web and positioned to quite gradually curve the path of travel of the web.

'7. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a traveling web comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, fixed side frames supporting said guiding means, a. series ofshaving blades fixed on said side frames en- I gageable with one side of the downwardly moving web and inclining downwardly and away from the web, and a second series of shaving blades fixed on said side frames engageable with the other side of the web and inclining downwardly and away from the web.

8. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed. paper comprising means for guiding the Web in a downward direction, an, upper series of shaving blades successively engageable with one side of the downwardly moving web, and a second series of shaving blades provided below the upper series and engageable with the other side of the downwardly moving web, a common supporting frame in which both said series are fixed, the blades of each series having their edges positioned to define a gradually curved path of travel of the web, said blades inclining downwardly away from the web.

9. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, and a series of shaving blades having water guiding surfaces inclining downwardly and away from the web at a small angle for efiect-ive mechanical separation of the water by a combined gravitation and shaving action.

10. Apparatus for removing water and the like from a web of waxed paper comprising means for guiding the web in a downward direction, and a series of fixed shaving blades for each side of the paper each blade having a gradually tapering shaving edge and having water guiding surfaces inclining downwardly and away from the Web for efiective mechanical separation of the water by a combined gravitation and shaving action.

11. Apparatus of the character described comprising means for guiding a coated web in a inclining downwardly and away from the web and efiective to separate surface liquid from the web by a gravitational and mechanical shaving action, a common support for said serieaand means for individually adjusting said blades on said support in a direction substantially transverse of the direction of web travel.

13. The method of removing water from waxed paper by a combined gravitational and shaving action comprising moving the paper in a downward direction, and performing a succession of shaving actions on the paper as the paper moves downwardly so as to mechanically separate the surface water from the paper by a change in direction of movement of the water particles through a small angle.

14. The method of removing water from waxed paper merely by a combined gravitational and shaving action comprising moving the paper in a downward direction, performing a succession of shaving actions on one side of the paper and then performing a series of shaving actions on the other side of the paper as the paper moves downwardly so as to mechanically separate the surface water from the paper by a change in direction of movement of the Water particles through a small angle.

15. The method of removing water from waxed paper merely by a combined gravitational and shaving action comprising moving the paper in a downward direction and in "a very gradually curved path and performing a succession of shaving actions on one side of the paper followed by a succession of shaving'actions on the other side of the paper as the paper moves downwardly so as to mechanically separate the water from the paper. I

CHARLES W. HOWARD.