US2079394A - Percussion fuse - Google Patents

Percussion fuse Download PDF

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Publication number
US2079394A
US2079394A US50048A US5004835A US2079394A US 2079394 A US2079394 A US 2079394A US 50048 A US50048 A US 50048A US 5004835 A US5004835 A US 5004835A US 2079394 A US2079394 A US 2079394A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuse
striker
ring
projectile
balls
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US50048A
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English (en)
Inventor
Birkigt Marc
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2079394A publication Critical patent/US2079394A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • Fig. lvis an axial sectionalview of an embodiment of a percussionfus'e made according to the present invention
  • Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are similar Views of the same fuse showing diiererit characteristic positions of the parts;
  • Fig. 5. is a ,detail View, on an enlarged scale, of the general arrangement,.in the relative position of the parts corresponding toFig. 2.
  • ther percussionl fuse is 'devised in such manner thatits striker is locked Vini ⁇ a fixed position with respect to thebodyof the fuse, atleast until the shell leaves the tube 'of the'gunfthis ⁇ locking actionI being exertedby.
  • the fuse according to the ⁇ present invention is provided with means capable of moving axially with respect to the striker and said means advantageously consist of two axial rings devised-in such manner that, during the transportation -and the handling of the projec# 'tile on Whichf ⁇ the fuse is fitted, they occupy Va position in'which'they lock the striker with respe'ct to thel body of the fuse, and that, as soon as the shock of *discharge takes place, both of these rings leave this position andv occupy,' unden the effect of inertia, a second locking position in Y above explained, 1
  • the sliding piece or ring whieh'isl positioned nearer to" ⁇ the body' of the projectile is so d ⁇ e Vised, owing to the'provlsion ot 'a friction or other' arrangement; as to 'be kept inlthis second mentioned position against the 'action-of Vall thegforeesY that normally act i upon said?A projectile; -bu't ⁇ this arrangementlpermits saidlast mentioned pece or ring to comebackfintothe #first mentioned.
  • This friction orl otherhelding arrangement can 'advantageouslybeobtained by splitting this j ring longitudinallyfthat is-to sayf parallellyto its axis in such 'manner that it visV tightly yapplied against the inner wall of its housing, or by providing'said-ring withhooking 'means capableV of being automaticallyA released 'ori 'deformed sol as to enter suitable recesses. provided thebody ⁇ of the ring; whereby the latter cancome back into' l its initial locking position in an abnormal case such asthat above 'referred to.
  • thesliding piece or ring which is nearer to the head of the fuse is arranged in such manner that it is free 'toslide in its housing so! that it can automatically vleaveitsloclr ing position-when, after havinglundergone an acceleration in the tube of the gun, the'velocity of the projectile decreasesfas is'Y-well-known,
  • said striker or de'tonator is not pro-' Y vided with means, such as a spring, for urging it Y are braked under normal conditions.
  • Vthe part which is released by the spreading apart of the balls or the like, is wholly free, on impact, to move toward the other of these two parts (detonator or striker) so as to produce the explosion of the shell.
  • the body I of the fuse consists of a hollow metallic piece, carrying, in the usual manner, in line therewith, a base plug or chamber 2 in which are tted the detonator 3 and primer charge 4. Against the open end of said plug 2 and between it anda corresponding shoulder of body I, there is provided a fixed piece 5 having a hole 6 formed in its central part so as to afford a passage for the striker 7, which is guided in said hole B.
  • this piece 5 which is turned toward the head of the fuse carries a prolonged part forming a cylindrical sleeve 8 the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the recess formed in body I.
  • I provide between this sleeve 8 and body I an annular interval in which can be fitted a ring 9 capable of sliding axially in said annular space.
  • Ring 9 is so devised that its axial displacements For instance itis split at I6 longitudinally and given such a size and shape that it is strongly applied against the inner ⁇ wall of its housing.
  • I fit masses such as balls I I, held against the striker by either one or both of these two rings 9 and I2 (Figs. 1 and 2) as long as these rings are located in adjacent relation to each other.
  • balls II or equivalent means, to automatically engage between them under the action of the centrifugal force developed by the rotation of the projectile about its axis, so that striker I is released.
  • Said striker 'I is provided at its outer end with an enlarged part I3 which fits in a bore of restricted diameter of the head I4 of the fuse, said bore being closed by a lid I5.
  • the ogive-shaped, frusta-conical, or even cylindrical structure devised as above explained is of a shape corresponding to that of ordinary fuses.
  • Rings 9 and I2 occupy this position as long as the projectile is moving under normal conditions inside the tube of the gun and there is no risk of premature explosion inside the gun.
  • Ring I Z which is free to move in its Y housing and which is not directly acted upon by the causes of this decrease of the velocity, keeps moving with the same velocity, that is to say moves in its housing toward the point or head of the fuse.
  • ring 9 which is axially held in its housing by friction remains in a xed position with respect to the projectile and undergoes the same reduction of velocity as the latter. Consequently, the two rings are moved apart from each other and balls II, urged by the centrifugal force, automatically engage into the space thus left between said rings and accordingly release striker 1.
  • the time at which balls I I release the striker depends upon the time necessary for ring I2 to release said balls.
  • the time at which the striker is released can therefore be varied by varying the length of the portion h of n'ng I2 that must move past the balls during the frontward movement of said ring (see Figs. 2 and 5).
  • Such a fuse therefore meets all the particular requirements above set forth, and, While being very simple in its structure, very easy and cheap to manufacture and of very small size owing to the small number of parts it includes, its safe Working can be relied upon.
  • the small size of this fuse makes it possible, for a projectile of a given size, to increase the eiciency of said projectile, since the charge thereof can be more important.
  • this fuse is perfectly iiuidtight since its ogive is made of a single piece.
  • centrifugal masses which lock the striker and then release it after the projectile has left the gun might, instead of balls, consist of juxtaposed and distinct elements of an Vannular whole of rectangular or circular, or even trapezoidal or triangular, cross section, whereby said elements can engage in a wedge-like fashion between rings 9 and I2 for moving them apart from each other under the effect of the centrifugal force.
  • a percussion fuse for a projectile to be red from a gun which comprises, in combination, a hollow fuse body having a cylindrical axial bore therein, a detonator xed in said body at the tail end thereof, a striker axially movable in said bore having a portion of enlarged diameter, a plurality of locking balls in an annular recess in said bore around said striker adapted, when held close to the axis of the fuse, to engage said enlarged portion of the striker so as to lock it axially, two rings fitting slidably in said bore disposed in line with each other in the axial direction of said bore, stops in said bore for limiting the displacements of said rings in both directions respectively, the ring that is closer to the head of the fuse being freely movable in both directions longitudinally of the fuse in said bore and constrained only by said other ring -while the said latter ring is movable towards its fown stop only in response to very high accelerations, such as that produced by the shock of discharge in the gun
  • a percussion fuse according to claim 1 in which said second mentioned ring, that is to say the ring that is movable only in response to very high accelerations, is a split ring and is so shaped and dimensioned as to be strongly applied against the inner wall of said bore.
  • a percussion fuse according to claim 7 in which said element and said members are provided with means cooperating to force said members away fromeach other in wedge-like fashion as soon as the movement of said members away from each other has been started to a predetermined degree.
  • a percussion fuse according to claim 1 in which the rst mentioned ring, that is to say the ring that is freely slidable in said bore, is provided with a chamfer along the edge thereof that is closer to the other ring, whereby said balls act in a wedge-like fashion to force said rings away from each other, as soon as the movement of said rings away from each other has been started to a predetermined degree.
  • a percussion fuse for a projectile to be iired from a gun which comprises, in combination, a hollow fuse body, two parts, one of which constitutes the detonator and the other the striker of the fuse, in said body, one of said parts being rigidly affixed to the projectile and the other being slidably attached to and movable longitudinally within the hollow fuse body, locking means for said movable part adapted to release it when left free to respond to the action of a force tending to move said means radially, two members movable inside said body disposed behind each other in the axial direction of the fuse, the member that is closer to the head of the fuse being freely movable in both directions longitudinally of the fuse and constrained only by the other member while the said other member is in frictional engagement with an element rigid with the body of the shell so that it is movable only in response to very high accelerations, of the kind of that produced by the shock of the discharge in the gun, said members being adapted to limit the radial movement of said locking means,
  • a percussion fuse for a projectile to be fired from a gun which comprises, in combination, a hollow fuse body, two parts, one of which constitutes the detonator and the other the striker of the fuse, in said body, one of said parts being fixed and the other axially movable therein, at least one locking element for said movable part capable of occupying either of two positions, one close to the axis of the fuse and the other at a: greater distance from s'aid axis, said element being adapted, in its rst position, operatively t'o engage 'said movable part and, in its other position, to release said movable part, two members movable inside said body disposed behind each other in the axial direction of the fuse, the member that is ⁇ closer to the head of the fuse being freely movable and constrained only by the other member, in both directions longitudinally of the fuse, while the said other member is in frictional engagement with an element rigid with the body of the shell so that it is rearwardly
  • a percussion fuse for a projectile 'to be iired from a gun which comprises, incombination, a hollow fuse body, detonator xed in said body, a striker axially movable therein having a portion of enlarged diameter, a plurality of locking balls in said body around said striker adapted, when kept close to the axis of the fuse, to engage said enlarged portion of the striker so as to lock it axially, two members movable inside said body disposed behind each other in the axial direction of the fuse, the member that is closer to the head of the fuse being freely movable and.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US50048A 1935-10-14 1935-11-15 Percussion fuse Expired - Lifetime US2079394A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE192180X 1935-10-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2079394A true US2079394A (en) 1937-05-04

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ID=3864511

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US50048A Expired - Lifetime US2079394A (en) 1935-10-14 1935-11-15 Percussion fuse

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2079394A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE411736A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH192180A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR811837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB454339A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL44292C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779286A (en) * 1953-07-15 1957-01-29 Robert P Marshall Delay plunger assembly for artillery type fuses
US6237495B1 (en) * 1999-02-04 2001-05-29 Chartered Ammunition Industries Pte Ltd Self-destructing impact fuse

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779286A (en) * 1953-07-15 1957-01-29 Robert P Marshall Delay plunger assembly for artillery type fuses
US6237495B1 (en) * 1999-02-04 2001-05-29 Chartered Ammunition Industries Pte Ltd Self-destructing impact fuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL44292C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR811837A (fr) 1937-04-23
CH192180A (fr) 1937-07-31
BE411736A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB454339A (en) 1936-09-29

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