US2078030A - Method and apparatus for beating paper pulp - Google Patents

Description

April 20, i937. w. N. sHERWooD 2,073,030

METHOD AND 'APPARATUS FOR BEATING PAPER PULP Filed Sept. l0, 1954 C5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

April 20, 1937. w. N. sHERwooD METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BEATING PPER PULP 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. l0, 1934 a f5 ZX I/ /5'7 April 20, 1937.

W. N. sHERwooD 2,078,030

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BEATING PAPER PULP Filed Sept. 10, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BEATING PAPER PULP walter N. Sherwood, Noi-th nosick, N. Y. Application September 10, 1934, Serial No. 743,318 9 Claims. (Cl. v9.2-25) This invention relates to a method and apparatus for beating paper pulp.

The object of the invention generally is to reduce the pulp to the. desired state of iineness within a minimum time, and with a minimum consumption of power'.

'I'he invention has as a further object, a beater in which the paper pulp is fed between the beater roll and the bed plate in thel form of a. sheet, and is provided with means for regulating the thickness or amount of stock owing in sheet from minimum to maximum.

A further object of the invention is the provision of means to eifect agitation and mixing vthroughout substantially the entire mass of pulp in the beater.

The invention consists in themethod hereinafter set forth, and in the ,novel features and the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed. y

In describing this invention, 'reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like4 characters designate corresponding parts in all the views. I

Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in section. Figure 2 is a longitudinal, sectional view taken on lines 2 2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary endrelevation of the 'Y beating roll with a contiguous portion of the bed plate in section. Y

Figure 4 is a fragmentary, sectional View thr-ough the feeding roll. K

Figure 5 is 'alfragmentary view, partly in secl tion, showing the method of securing the fly-bars to the beating roll.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view showing thev f relative position of the bed plates and roll plates,

the beater roll having progressed slightly further in the cycle of rotation than is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 showing the beater roll as rotated slightly further than in Figure 6.

My method consists generally of beating paper pulp in the presence of a liquid, feeding the mass in the form of a sheet between the beater roll and the bed plate, driving the beater roll at a high speed andthereby causing the sheet of pulp to be discharged at high speed from between .the beater roll land the bed plate, and agitating substantially the entire mass in the beater.

I have'shown, in Athe' drawings, a preferred embodiment. of the apparatus the above method. V. I0 designates the beater tub which is con.- structed with a bottom I2 inclined downwardly for carrying out the l ity of groups of y-bars.

5. In addition, the abutting ends of the sections upon the adjustable supports 20, whereby the beater roll I'l may beadjusted vertically in any well known manner. Attention is called to the fact that the beating roll I1 is of suicient length to extend across the entire width of the beater tub I 0, and is of comparatively smallv diameter, the lowermost portion of the peripheryof the rollbeing spaced a considerable distance from the bottom I2 of the tub. i

'I'he beating roll I'I is provided with a plural- Preferably, each group consists -of three bars. 'Ihe center bar 25 is comparable to the ordinary roll bar, or y-bar. The bar is secured'to the periphery ofthe beater roll in any well known manner, and as here shown, the bars 25 are secured to the roll I 1 by the ear methodv of Jordon construction. The bar preferably is formed in two sections, and joined together at the periphery of the center head 26 of the beater roll. The inner ends of the sections of the bar 25 are formed with a male-female joint, as indicated 'in Figures 4 and are provided with complementa] slots to receive -the' retaining band 2l. The inner ends of the sections may be further secured together by means of a bolt 28. 4To each sideof the bar 25 is secured additional fly-bars 29, 3U. The bars 29,30 are arranged in spaced apart relationship from the center bar 25 by spacers 3l, the group being secured together by a plurality of rivets or bolts 32. 'I'he beater roll I1 operates in a. clockwise direction (Figure '3) and the bars .2,9 0 are accordingly arranged on the forward side of the b ars 25. The outer edge of the bars 29 are champered, or relieved, as at 33, and theV outer edges of thebars f25, 30 are square. A bed plate box is arranged in the beate tub I0 below the beater roll I 'I and extends across 'the tub. Preferably, the bed plate box 35 is arare secured bed plate bars 31, as by bolts 38. A group of narrower bars are rigidly secured to the bars 31, as by bolts 39, providing a plurality of groups of bed plate bars, leach group being supported by the bars 31. Preferably, there are different numbers of narrow bars in each of the groups, the forward group containing fewer bars than the rear group. As here shown, the forward group comprises a bar 31 with two narrow bars secured on the forward side, and one narrow bar secured to the rear side, 'while the second group includes two narrow bars on each side of the bar 31, and the third group, to the left, Figure 3, includes five narrow bars arranged on each side of the bar 31. The narrow bars are arranged in spaced apart relationship from the bars 31, and from each other, in a manner similar to the bars 29, 30, on the beater roll I1, and the upper edge of each forward bar is champered similar to the outer edge of the bars 29. The groups of bed plate bars are also spaced apart from each other, the third group being spaced a greater distance from the second group than the second group from the rst.

The fly-bars on the beater roll plate bars extend parallel with the axis of the beater roll. The spacing and Width of the groups of fly-bars on the beater roll is such, relatively to the spacing between the groups of bed plate bars and the width of the groups, that one group of y-bars on the beater roll is always .in contact with one group of bed plate bars, as indicated in Figures 3, 6 and '1. However, during certain portions of the cycle of the beater roll, a group ,of ily-bars on the beater roll .is in contact with each group of bed plate bars, as indicated in Figure 6, and during other portions of each cycle of the beater roll, only one group of flybars on thebeater roll is in contact with one group of bed plate bars, as indicated in Figure 7. Due to the fact that one group of fly-bars on the beater roll is always in contact with one group of bed plate bars, interlocking of the ily-bars and bed plate bars is prevented. The main bars 31,

and also the smaller bars secured thereto, are

preferably formed in sections, as are the bars 25. In the event that one portion, or section, ofu the bars 25 in the beater roll, or the bed plate bars, become damaged, it is only necessary to replace the damaged section. The reason for the con- .struction and relative arrangement of the ilybars and the bed plate bars will be lexplained hereinafter.

The bed plate box 35 is formed, or provided; on its forward side, with a suitable support 40. An adjustable dam 4I is pivoted to the support 40, as at 42. The adjustable dam 4I may be of any suitable construction, and is substantially the same width as the beater roll. 'I'hat is, the dam Next/ends across the beater tub, the ends of the` dam ,having a sliding contact-.with the inner sides of th/e tub. As here shown, it is formed hollow with a compartment 43 which may enclose a metallic tank, or container, to aid in the buoyancy of the dam, it being desirablel to have the dam 4| float in the stock to aid in the adjustment of the dam. Suitable means is provided for maintaining the dam 4I \in any one of a plurality of adjustable positions. As here shown, the sides of the tub are provided with a plurality of set screws 44, which coact with the sides of the dam.

A guide plate 46 is arranged to receive the discharge of the stock from between the beater' roll and the bd plate. The llower end of the guide plate 4s is semred` to and Csupported by the l1 and the bed nrear wall 41 of the bed plate box 35, and is supforward end of the beater tub by any suitable .means, as here shown, by a hinge 53.' When the beater is being loaded, the llet 52 is swung back- Wardly against the front edge of the tub, and while the beater is in operation, the llet is swung forwardly into the position shown in Figure 2. The fillet 52 aids in directing the flow of stock over the upper edge of the dam 4I.

The llet 52 also prevents a dead corner, or spot, in the mass of stock. That is, a place in the stock where there is no circulation, or eddy currents arey set up which result in holding the stock in the corner.

Frequently, paper pulp beaters. are provided i.

with washing screens which are generally, more or less in the form of a cylinder and operate on the top surface of the mass. Such washing screens occupy a considerable amount of room, and involve a considerable expenditure to install. Also, it involves considerable time to change the cylindrical washing screens for washing different consistencies of stock. I provide one or both side walls of my beater with apertures 55 which are provided with suitable valves and connected to a drain, the apertures being located, as indicated in Figure 2. When it is desired to wash the stock, I employ a removable screen 56 which is supported by suitable guides arranged on the sides of the tub, and extends inwardly at an angle to the front wall I3 of the tub; During the operation of the beater, the stock is circulated at considerable speed under the bed plate toward the front wall I3, and travels upwardly in the front compartment against the screen 55. This pressure in the upward flow of the stock is very effective in forcing the water through the screen 56, the dirty water being` carried away through the openings 55. Screens of different size wire mesh may be readily inserted as desired.

,The upper rear portion of the tub is provided .with a cover 60 provided with a curved ceiling 6I,

as indicated in Figure 2 ofthe drawings. A suit- `able cover 62 is also provided over the beating chamber. The covers 60, 62, are provided with suitable vents 63 due to the fact that the beating roll I1 operates at such high speed and resulting in the stock being discharged from the roll at great speed, and with considerable force, I have found the vents prevent any back pressure in the.

beating chamber, or the first mixing chamber.

In operation, the beater tub I0 is filled approximately two-thirds full of water. The beater roll is rotated at comparatively high speed, preferably with a peripheral speed of 3000 to 4000 peripheral feet per minute, At this time, the dam 4I is lowered to the-center dotted line position beater roll is adjusted with suitable clearance between it and thebed plate. Because of the high I peripheral speed of the beater roll, the water and paper stock is discharged tangentlally from the 2,078,030 under side of the beater roll at the rear of the' bed plate at an angle substantially the same as the guide plate 46. As the beater stock becomes processed, the beater roll is gradually lowered to reduce the clearance between it and the bed plate.

On account of the high peripheral speed at which the beater roll II is operated, the stock is discharged or draw'n from the roll at great speed and with considerable force upwardly along the guide plate 46 and against the curved ceiling 6I of the cover 60. As the stock strikes the ceiling` 6I, it is directed through an arc and downwardly along the rear wall I4 of the tub mingling with the stock in the tub and creating a considerable flow along the inclined bottom I2 toward the front wall I3 ofthe tub. This ow passes under the bed plate box 35, and because of the volume and weight of stock in the higher rear'portion of the tub andbecause of the flow created by the forced discharge of the stock against the ceiling 6I and downwardly, the stock is flowed forwardly into the tub under the bed plate box 35 and is carried upwardly by the ascending curved bottom portion I6 with considerable speed and force. The stock then ows over the upper edge of the dam 4I in the form of a sheet, the thickness* of the sheet depending on how farthe top of the dam is submerged below the surface of the stock. As .previously explained, the position of -the dam may be regulated, as desired. The stock travels in sheet form down the inclined surface of the dam and is forced in between the beater roll and the bed plate or into the spaces between the groups of roll bars, which act as buckets.

The forward champered bars 29 on the beater roll act as collector bars collecting the bers of the stock and because of the champer on, the coacting edges of the bars 29, and the forward bars in the groups of bed plate bars, the fibers are collected and drawn in between the groups of flybars and bed plate bars. The ber stock is then acted upon in the usual manner by the remaining bars in the group of roll bars and bed plate bars. As the group C of roll bars passes over the rst group of bed plate bars, an appreciable amountA `of stock will be deposited in the pocket between `the rst and second group of bed plate bars. As these pockets are of appreciable width, the stock deposited in them is subject to mixing and agitation, due partly to the centrifugal force with which the stock is drawn into the pockets on account of the high peripheral speed of the beater roll. As the group C of roll bars passes over the rst pocket in the bed plate, it accumulates a new deposit of stock and the beating action between this group of bars and the second group of `bed plate bars is repeated in a manner similar to the action-between the group C of ily-bars `and the rst group of bed plate bars. This Aprocess is repeated as the' group of roll bars passes over the second pocket between the second and third groups of bed plate bars, with the result that the paper stock is acted upon three distinct times, ,while it is passing between the beater roll and the bed. plate. Due to the fact that the rst coacting knives in each'group of roll bars a-nd the groups pf bed plate bars are champered, the fibrous stock is drawn in between the groups of bars with less cutting and mutilation, and it is' then crushed and l'molarized by the remaining bars in the groups.

' The molarizing is effected by the action ofv the large bars 25,31. The smaller barssecured to the rear sides respectively of the bars Z5, 31, act

to retain the 'stock between the plates, while it is being molarizedby the heavier bars 25, 31.

It is to be understood that the smaller bars also effect crushing and molarizing to a certain extent. It will be observed that as the stock passes between the beater roll land the bed plate, it is gradually processed to a ner state and due to the fact that the fiber stock is drawn in between the coacting bars by the champered outer bars of each group, the processing of the stock is effected with less cutting and mutilation of the bers.

As here shown, the successive groups of bed plate bars contain a greater number of bars, so that the stock is furtner reduced. as it is acted "upon, by each successive group of bed plate bars.

Itgis' toA be understood that the bed plate structure may be such as to include any number of groups of bed plate bars desired. Due to the varying widths of the groups ofbed plate bars and Athe varying distances between the groups,

the power required to operate the beater roll important features of my invention. Due to the fact that the stock is fed to'the beater roll in the form of a surface flowing sheet, and accord ingly, the beater roll does revolve in the mass of the stock, the power applied tothe beater roll is used entirely to effect the -molarizing of the stock.

It is well known to those skilled in the art that in the usual beater, a considerable amount of power is consumed, because ofthe resistance encountered by the roll in revolving in the mass of stock. Also, by adjusting the dam 4I, the thickness ofthe surface owing sheet to the beater roll may be varied, as desired, and maintained at a thickness er depth which will supply a volume of stock to the beater roll comparable shouldlthrough accident or otherwise get into the mass, the flow tothe beater roll may be instantlystopped without the necessity of shutting down the machine and the foreign substance removed before serious damage has been done to the tackle. Often, after the mass of stock has been beaten to the desired degree, it so happens that the beater can not be dumped, which normally means that the beater roll continues to idle Ain the stock due to the fact that there are very many other beatersin the mill which permits discontinuance of the power. With my beater, the flow of stock to the beater roll can be readily stopped and the beater may be idle without consuming any appreciable amount of power.

Where itis desired to use a beater as a continuous or extracting beater, rather than a batch beater, a suitable extracting apparatus may be arranged at the rear portion of the cover 60. As here shown, a cylinder IQ is so arv ranged that a portion of the periphery thereof extends within the cover 60 and is so positioned that the stock as it is discharged from 'the beater roll and redirected from the ceiling 6| strikes the cylinder 10 or passes against it. The cylinder may be formed of a plurality of sections 1|, 12, 13. The section 1| is solid, the section 12 formed with apertures or perforations, and likewise the section 13, however, the 'perforations being smaller than those in the section 12. lBy rotating the cylinder 10 so that either the section 12 or 13 projects inwardly, the paper stock is collected in the cylinder and conveyed from the cylinder, which is preferably formed with an open end, to a trough, and thence to a stuing chest of the paper machine.

The cylinder 1l) is rotatably mounted in the brackets 14, and is provided with a convenient manual 15 for rotating the same. Plates 16 are secured to each end of the beater roll as by screws 11. These plates are provided with a central aperture closely fitting the shaft I8. The purpose of these plates is to prevent the collection of pulp in foreign substances, such as strings andV the like, from collecting and winding about the shaft i8, and also act as a closure for the elongated opening 18 in the sides of the beater for effecting vertical adjustmentv of the roll. `..On account of the structure and shape of my beater, and the high speed at which the beating roll is run, the beating time is reduced substantially one-half, and a thorough mixing of the stock is effected by the continuous agitation of substantially the entire mass of stock.

It vwill be observed, Figure 2. that the stock travels rearwardly and upwardly as it is discharged from the beater roll, and is then redirected as it strikes the curvedA ceiling of the rear upper portion of the tub and therear wall ofthe tub. The mass of stock is circulated in the form of a loop with the beater roll operating in the upper runof the loop, and the lower run of the loop passing between the bed plate and the bottom of the tub. The rear portion of the upper run of the loop, that is, the stock as discharged from the beater roll travels with ex tremely high velocity, and is thrown rearwardly and upwardly against the curved ceiling while the rest of the -stock in the rear portion of the tub is in the form of a comparatively large mass discharged from the beater roll, keeps thev entire mass of stock moving in the form of a loop with additional mixing taking place at the forward end of the beater, as the lower end of the loop isv directed upwardly and over the upper edge of thev dam 4 I.

What I claim is:

lLVA paper pulp beater comprising a tub having an upwardly extending rear vportion provided with a curved ceiling adjoining the rear wall of the tub, a beater roll rotatably 'mounted in the tub and extending across the width of the same, a bed plate arrangedfbelow the. beater roll, a dam memberpivotally mounted forwardl of the beater roll and operable toY convey the p per pulp in the form of a flowing sheet to the beater roll,

a guide plate arranged to the rear ofthe beater roll for directing the paper pulp discharged from the roll upwardly and rearwardly against the curved ceiling of the tub, the bottom of the tub being inclined downwardly toward the front and being connected to the rear and forward walls by ascending curved portions.

2. In a paper pulp beater-comprising a tub, a`

beater roll rotatably mounted in. the tub and extending across the width of the same, the'tub being formed with an upwardly extending rear portion provided with a curved ceiling merging with the rear Wall of the tub, a bed plate arranged below the beater roll, and a guide plate arranged to the rear of the beater roll and extending upwardly and rearwardly for directing the pulp discharged from the beater roll against the curved ceiling portion, and means arranged adjacent the upper rear portion of the tub for collecting and conveying the beaten pulp out of the tub.

3. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in the tub, a bed plate arranged beneath the beater roll, a guide plate extending upwardly vfrom the bed plate to the rear of the beater roll to control the paper pulp discharged from the beater roll, a, roller arranged transversely of the tub and coacting with the upper edge of the guide plate, and

. means for manually rotating said roller.

4. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in said tub, a bed plate arranged beneath the beater roll, the tub being provided with an upwardly extending rear portion having a curved ceiling, a guide plate arranged to the rear of the beater roll and extending from the bed plate toward the curved ceiling, a roller arranged transversely of the tub yadjacent the upper edge of the guide plate, and being spaced apart from said curved ceiling, whereby the paper stock discharged from the beater roll travels upwardly over the surface of the guide plate and is thrown beyond the roller against the curved ceiling of the rear portion of the tub.

5. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in the tub between the ends thereof and extending across the same, the rear portion ofthe tub being of appreciably greater height than the forward portion and being provided with a curved ceiling, a bed plate arranged below the beater roll, a at guide plate arranged in the tub with the lower end of vsaid guide plate adjacent the rear edge of the bed plate and the upper edge terminating short of said curved ceiling and being arranged to direct the pulp discharged from the beater roll upwardly against said ceiling, the bottom of the tub being inclined downwardly toward the front and being connected to the front and rear walls with ascending curved portions.

6. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub formed with a rearward portion of' appreciable I height and being provided with a curved ceiling .adjoining the rear wall of the tub, a beater roll mounted in the tub between the ends thereof and lextending acrossthe same, a bed plate arranged beneath the beater roll, a llat guide plate mounted in the tub and being inclined upwardly from the bed plate toward the upper rear portion of the tub, with the upper edge of said guide plate terminating short of the curved ceiling of said rear portion of the tub, whereby the paper pulp is discharged frombetween the beater roll and the bed plate at high velocity, and is thrown upwardly. against saidl curved ceiling.

7. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a bed plate arranged in the tub and extending across the width of the same and being spacedabove the bottom of the tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in the tub above said bed plate, the tub 5 being provided with a rearward portion extending upwardly above the beater roll, a flat guide plate extending upwardly and rearwardly from the rear side of said bed plate, all whereby the paper pulp is discharged at high velocity from l between the beater roll and the bed plate tangentially toward the upper rear portion of the beater tub and through space against said upper rear portion eiecting a circulation of the pulp mass beneath the bed plate to the forward end of l the beater.

8. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a bed plate extending transversely of the tub from one side ofv the same to the other, said bed plate being arranged in spaced apart relationship from 20 the bottom of the tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in the tub above the bed plate and coacting therewith to process the paper pulp, a dam member extending across the tub forwardly of the beater roll and being provided with a surface 5 inclining upwardly from the forward edge of the bed plate, means for adjusting the upper edge 5 of said inclined surface relative to the level of the pulp in the tub, a guide plate extending across the tub and arranged adjacent the rear edge of the bed plate and extending upwardly therefrom for directing the pulpdischarged from-the beater roll'upwardly into the rear of the tub, and the bottom of the tub being inclined downwardly from the rear end toward the front end to assist the ow of stock beneath the bed plate and upwardly over the upper edge of said dam member.

9. A paper pulp beater comprising a tub, a beater roll rotatably mounted in the tub, a bed plate arranged beneath the beater roll and being spaced apart from the bottom of the tub to permit circulation of the stock beneath the bed plate, said tub being provided4 with an upwardlyextending rear portion provided kwith a curved ceiling arranged to receive the pulp discharged from between the beater roll and the bed plate in a'tangential sheet, Aand redirect the same forcibly downward between the mass of stock in the tub and the rear end of the tub, and to eiect violent agitation at the point of conuence, and means for venting said upper rear portion of the beater tub.

WALTER. N. SHERWOOD.

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