US207754A - Improvement in electrodes for electric lights - Google Patents
Improvement in electrodes for electric lights Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US207754A US207754A US207754DA US207754A US 207754 A US207754 A US 207754A US 207754D A US207754D A US 207754DA US 207754 A US207754 A US 207754A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- improvement
- electric lights
- electric
- hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000979 retarding Effects 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
- B23K9/1336—Driving means
Definitions
- My invention consists, primarily, in retarding the consumption of electrodes employed in the production of electric light by making such electrodes of a porous material, and supplying them by capillary action with a combustible fluid, which is burned in the electric arc, and which, by its evaporation, tends to cool the electrodes and prevent their rapid destruction.
- My invention consists, secondly, in the employment, in this connection, of a hydrocarbon oil, which not only answers the purpose of cooling the electrodes by its evaporation, but affords a deposit of carbon upon the electrodes, which also has the efiect of retarding their consumption.
- Figure 1 represents two hydrocarbon-reservoirs, each provided with a distributing-chamber, open at the top for allowing the insertion in the chamber of the lower end of an electrode made of carbon or spongy platinum or some other porous substance suitable for employment in the production of electric light.
- Fig. 2 represents an electrode bent to a right angle.
- Fig. 3 represents a modification of my apparatus, which consists in substituting for the vertical distributingchambers shown in Fig. 1 inclined chambers suitable for allowing the use of straight electrodes.
- Fig. 1 one half of the apparatusis shown in elevation and the other half in central vertical section.
- Each of the reservoirs A is connected by means of a tube, a, with a distributirig-chamber, 13, in which thelower end of one of the electrodes 0 is inserted.
- My electrodes which are of any suitable porous material, are preferably made tubular, for the purpose of containing a wick, O, of fibrous material. IVhen the distributing-chambers are vertical the electrodes are made with a bend, so that their outer ends may be brought into proper proximity.
- the electrodes may either be bent at a right angle, as shown in Fig.3, or at less than a right angle, as shown in Fig. 1.
- the reservoirs are mounted on suitable standards, and one or both of them may be placed on a movable platform or platforms, provided with adjustingscrews, by means of which the relative positions of the electrodes, and hence the length of the electric arc, may be accurately and conveniently regulated.
- a movable platform or platforms provided with adjustingscrews, by means of which the relative positions of the electrodes, and hence the length of the electric arc, may be accurately and conveniently regulated.
- One of these platforms, D is shown in Fig. 1, with the screw-leader d, by which it is moved.
- My electrodes when supplied with a hydrocarbon, waste very slowly but it will of course be understood that the adjusting screw or screws may be operated to feed the electrodes together automatically by means of apparatus similar to that now employed for giving the feed to the electrodes used in the production of electric light. As such apparatus is well known and in common use, I do not deem it necessary to give any detailed description of it.
- I preferably inclose my electrodes, if made of carbon, in a copper shell. IVhennotso inclosed I clamp upon them a small strip of copper, E, by means of the screw-clamps c.
- the clamps are metallic, and are respectively connected, by means of the wires P and N, with the opposite poles of a battery or dynamoelectric machine.
- the reservoirs A are filled with a hydrocarbon oil, which enters, by means of the connecting-pipes a, the distributing-chambers, and is thence conveyed, by capillary ac tion, to the points of the electrodes, where it is evaporated and ignited.
- a hydrocarbon oil enters, by means of the connecting-pipes a, the distributing-chambers, and is thence conveyed, by capillary ac tion, to the points of the electrodes, where it is evaporated and ignited.
- the evaporation of the hydrocarbon tends to prevent the excessive heating of the electrodes and to retard their consumption.
- Another effect of this employment of a hydrocarbon is that a deposit of carbon is made upon the points of the electrodes, which also tends to retard their destruction, and, finally, the ignition of the hydrocarbon increases the illnminatin g power of the are.
- tubular electrode first, because I have made tubular electrodes the subject of another application of even date herewith and, secondly, because, in the present case, a porous electrode which is not tubular will answer, measurably, the desired purpose.
- the herein-described mode of retarding the destruction of electrodes employed in the production of electric light which consists in making such electrodes of a porous material and supplying them by capillary action with a combustible fluid capable of being evaporatcd from their points or surfaces and ignitcd in the electric are.
- Electrodes of any porous material suitable for employment in the production of electric light in combination with a reservoir or reservoirs containing a hydrocarbon oil, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
2 Sheets-Shet l.
0.. LUGO. Electrodes for Electric Lights.
No. 207,754. Patented Sept. 3,1878.
M6265 ses: I 22/502: 6% "W 41m @Wzifl NV'PETERQ PNOTD-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
Electrodes for Electric Lights.
N'o. "207,754. Patented Sept. 3,1878.
Fqamfi Rmmsams. \xmukssn rLPiTiWS. FHOTO-LATHOGRAPHER. WASHNGTON. D C
ITED STATES PATENT ORAZIO LUGO, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK.
IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRODES FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 207,754, dated September 3, 1878; application filed August 28, 1878.
CASE A.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ORAZIO LUGO, of Flushing, Long Island, New York, have invented certain Improvements in Electrodes for the Production of Electric Light, of which the following is a specification:
My invention consists, primarily, in retarding the consumption of electrodes employed in the production of electric light by making such electrodes of a porous material, and supplying them by capillary action with a combustible fluid, which is burned in the electric arc, and which, by its evaporation, tends to cool the electrodes and prevent their rapid destruction.
My invention consists, secondly, in the employment, in this connection, of a hydrocarbon oil, which not only answers the purpose of cooling the electrodes by its evaporation, but affords a deposit of carbon upon the electrodes, which also has the efiect of retarding their consumption.
In the accompanying drawings of an apparatus embodying my invention, Figure 1 represents two hydrocarbon-reservoirs, each provided with a distributing-chamber, open at the top for allowing the insertion in the chamber of the lower end of an electrode made of carbon or spongy platinum or some other porous substance suitable for employment in the production of electric light. Fig. 2 represents an electrode bent to a right angle. Fig. 3 represents a modification of my apparatus, which consists in substituting for the vertical distributingchambers shown in Fig. 1 inclined chambers suitable for allowing the use of straight electrodes.
In Fig. 1 one half of the apparatusis shown in elevation and the other half in central vertical section.
Each of the reservoirs A is connected by means of a tube, a, with a distributirig-chamber, 13, in which thelower end of one of the electrodes 0 is inserted.
My electrodes, which are of any suitable porous material, are preferably made tubular, for the purpose of containing a wick, O, of fibrous material. IVhen the distributing-chambers are vertical the electrodes are made with a bend, so that their outer ends may be brought into proper proximity.
The electrodes may either be bent at a right angle, as shown in Fig.3, or at less than a right angle, as shown in Fig. 1.
The reservoirs are mounted on suitable standards, and one or both of them may be placed on a movable platform or platforms, provided with adjustingscrews, by means of which the relative positions of the electrodes, and hence the length of the electric arc, may be accurately and conveniently regulated. One of these platforms, D, is shown in Fig. 1, with the screw-leader d, by which it is moved.
My electrodes, when supplied with a hydrocarbon, waste very slowly but it will of course be understood that the adjusting screw or screws may be operated to feed the electrodes together automatically by means of apparatus similar to that now employed for giving the feed to the electrodes used in the production of electric light. As such apparatus is well known and in common use, I do not deem it necessary to give any detailed description of it.
I preferably inclose my electrodes, if made of carbon, in a copper shell. IVhennotso inclosed I clamp upon them a small strip of copper, E, by means of the screw-clamps c. The clamps are metallic, and are respectively connected, by means of the wires P and N, with the opposite poles of a battery or dynamoelectric machine.
In operation, the reservoirs A are filled with a hydrocarbon oil, which enters, by means of the connecting-pipes a, the distributing-chambers, and is thence conveyed, by capillary ac tion, to the points of the electrodes, where it is evaporated and ignited. The evaporation of the hydrocarbon tends to prevent the excessive heating of the electrodes and to retard their consumption. Another effect of this employment of a hydrocarbon is that a deposit of carbon is made upon the points of the electrodes, which also tends to retard their destruction, and, finally, the ignition of the hydrocarbon increases the illnminatin g power of the are.
I do not herein claim, broadly, a tubular electrode, first, because I have made tubular electrodes the subject of another application of even date herewith and, secondly, because, in the present case, a porous electrode which is not tubular will answer, measurably, the desired purpose.
I claim as my invention 1. The herein-described mode of retarding the destruction of electrodes employed in the production of electric light, which consists in making such electrodes of a porous material and supplying them by capillary action with a combustible fluid capable of being evaporatcd from their points or surfaces and ignitcd in the electric are.
2. Electrodes of any porous material suitable for employment in the production of electric light, in combination with a reservoir or reservoirs containing a hydrocarbon oil, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The tubular electrodes 0, containing the fibrous wicks b, in combination with the distributing-chambers B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
OItAZIO LUGO. Witnesses:
ROBERT H. POLLOCK, EDWD. PAYSON.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US207754A true US207754A (en) | 1878-09-03 |
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US207754D Expired - Lifetime US207754A (en) | Improvement in electrodes for electric lights |
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- US US207754D patent/US207754A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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