US2075187A - Method of weaving cut pile fabric - Google Patents

Description

METHOD OF WEAVING CU T FILE FABRIC Filed Feb, 24, 1933 a i j Patented Mar. 30, 1937 PATE This invention relates to a cut pile fabric and has for an object to provide improved means for cutting the pile of fabric automatically while the fabric is still in the loom.

A further object of the invention is to provide a guide over which the loops are woven, said guide being provided with means for automatically cutting the loops after weaving.

A further object of the invention is to provide a knife properly located relative to the loops of a pile fabric which engage the loops as the fabric progresses through the loom, and cuts the material of the said loops.

A further object of the invention is to provide a guide having a knife at the end thereof, said guide being properly positioned in the loom so that the loops of the pile filling are woven over the guide, said knife engaging the loops as the material progresses, so that the threads of the pile filling which is woven over the guide is severed atsuch intervals as the weaving of the fabric and foundation makes desirable.

A further object of the invention is to provide in combination with a loom, which is equipped to throw two shuttles, one of said the filling for the foundation, the other shuttle carrying pile filling, with guides positioned between the line of travel of said shuttles so that the pile filling is woven over the top of the guide, and woven into the foundation fabric which is produced below the guide, said guide being provided at its .extreme end with a ,knife properly proportioned and positioned to cut the loops which are woven over the guide in the usual weaving operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a. knife for coaction'with a 160m, said knife being carried by a guide extending through the reed and harness, and permanently affixed to a position in front of the harness, the knife being thereby held against longitudinal movement at a point subsequent to the position of beat up of the lay.

The invention, therefore, comprises a knife carried by a guide, the guide being inserted through the lay and harness and attached fixedly to the loom in advance of the harness, and positioning the knife at a point which engages the fabric after being beaten up by the lay, with means for actuating the warp to provide sheds both above and below the guides, and means for throwing two shuttles, one through each of said sheds, one carrying the filling thread for the .foundation fabric, the other carrying the tufting thread and all so arranged that as the weaving progresses and the fabric advances after weaving. the knife method of weaving shuttles carrying engages the loops of the tufting thread and severs the loops to produce a cut pile fabric.

In the drawing: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a conventional loom, with one guide extending through the reed and harness, the harness being positioned to indicate the control of the threads 'to produce two sheds, one above and one below the plane of the guides, said guides being provided with knives for severing loops formed thereover, I Figure 2 is also a diagrammatic view showing the knives in top plan, and schematically, the reed and harness,

Figure 3 is a perspective view knife,

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view through the knife part taken on line 44'of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view through the guide taken on line 5-5 of Figure 3,

Figure 6 is a schematic view of one knife and associated woven parts, a

Figure '7 is a transverse sectional view throug one type of weaving, and

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view through another type of weaving.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts through the several views.

In the weaving of pile fabric it is essential that the pile be first woven as loops, and whether the loops are cut depends upon whether the fabric is to be a loop pile or cut pile fabric. The present invention is directed to the production of the guide and of a cut pile fabric wherein the pile is first woven as loops, as outlined, and then as the fabric progresses through the loom after weaving, the pile loops are automatically cut so that the fabric emerges from the loom'as a-cut pile fabric without manual operation in the cutting of the loops.

In the production of pile fabric wherein the loops are produced by filling threads, it has been customary to employ all .the filling threads of such a nature as to produce the required pile.

The present invention involves the use of two shuttles, thrown simultaneously, whereby the foundation fabric may be constructed of a strong, hard twisted and, thereforeJong-lived thread, whereas another shuttle carries a different type of thread which is of a nature to produce a surface pile of such richness as may be found desirable.

To carry out this invention a loom of substantially the usual and ordinary type is employed wherein a lay H) with reed ll functions together with a harness l2. The threads l3, l4,

and I4 are, of course, warp threads which pass versa to form the body of the fabric. dividual warp threads elevated to I3 to form the through the eyes of the heddles and through the reed dents.

With this construction a plurality of guides I5 are provided which are attached at I6 to any approved bar I! which extends transversely across the loom, and so arranged that the guides also extend through the harness and reed dents.

At the end of the guide opposite the attachment at I 6, the guide is reduced in height, as shown at I8, and the length of the guide is such that the lay will beat up the filling threads at this part of the guide.

Following this reduced part a knife I9 is carried by the guide so related that several pile loops are formed upon the guide before the fabric in its progress brings the loops into engagement with the knife, which, by reason of the loops being formed over the guide, is inserted into the loops as the loops progress and the cutting edge of the knife being inclined with the lower end within the'loops, the loops are severed as the fabric progresses.

The guide l5 may be made in any approved manner and from any approved material, and the knife I9 of any approved cutting material, may be attached in any approved relation, and by any approved instrumentality.

It has been found, however, that an acceptable and desirable type of guide is made up of two lamina of very thin metal which are connected together throughout their length, as by soldering. This construction of the guide by the making of two lamina soldered, adds a considerable degree of rigidity, but its principal desirability lies in the fact that the knife I9 may be inserted between the lamina and secured therein by solder or the like.

While the guides themselves are .almost indestructible in ordinary use, the knives wear and require replacement. So constructed of the two lamina with the knife between, it is obvious that by heating, the old knife blade may be easily and quickly removed, and a new blade likewise easily and quickly inserted and secured therein by solder or otherwise, to maintain it in fixed position.

- The slot at I6 is found a convenient way of attaching the guide to the bar I! which extends transverselyacross the loom, but, of course, the invention is similarly inclusive of any means of attaching the guide at that end.

With the guidesso positioned they will remain in substantially a stationary plane throughout the weaving process and the harness is so arranged that it will produce two separate sheds of the warp one above, and the other below, the plane of these guides. To produce these separate sheds the harness sheds the warp threads into three separate groups indicated at I3, I4 and II in Fig. 1, forming the shed A between the warp groups, I3 and I4, and the shed B between the warp groups I4 and I4. The sheddings of the warp threads are such that the pile or tufting threads are floated over a number of warp threads, and

when the harness again sheds the warps, those formerly at I3 are moved downwardly to I 4, as are the warps from I 4; whereas certain of those warp threads from I are raised to l3, and the remainder to I4. The majority of warp threads are shedded alternately from I 4 to I4 and vice The inshed A are the tying warps for the pile threads;

and these vary with the successive sheddings of threads are in staggered relation to each other. The warp threads from I3 are lowered after each throw of the shuttle so that they are woven into their proper place in the body of the material; and the other warp threads are raised before the next throw of the shuttle. This makes the number of warps between the wires I5 and the tying warps vary on each side of the wires and the knives carried thereby; so that the cut pile will vary in length to give the desired effect to the finished article. Two shuttles 20 and 2| are shown at Figure 1 schematically as traversing the upper and lower sheds, respectively, in which relation the upper shuttle 20 would carry the tufting thread between the warps I3 and I4, or shed A, and the lower shuttle 2| the foundation thread between the warps I4 and I4, or shed B. As hereinbefore stated, the two shuttles are thrown simultaneously.

At Figure 7 the weaving of the tufting loops is shown as being bound by a single warp thread. This type is relatively satisfactory with some types of tufting thread, but when the tufting thread is particularly slippery, as for instance, silk, rayon or the like, it is necessary to bind the tufting thread into the foundation fabric by more than one thread, and at Figure 8 is shown what is known as a W-weave, wherein the tufting threads are bound by three warp threads.

The schematic Figure 6 illustrates that type shown at Figure 7 where the tufting thread 22 is held by only a single one of the warp threads, and the knife I9 is positioned to travel intermediate the adjacent binding warp threads, the positions in both types of weave being shown, respectively, at Figures 7 and 8.

It will be seen, therefore, that the knife and the adjacent part of the guide are always located above and right upon the foundation fabric, with only the loops of the tufting thread above this part of the guide and knife, and so related that as the fabric progresses after weaving, the loops are progressively severed by the knife which remains fixed relative to the loom.

Of course, the method of weaving cut pile fabric illustrated may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the invention herein set forth and hereinafter claimed.

I claim:- 1. The method of weaving a weft cut pile fabric which consists in shedding warps to form upper and lower sheds upon opposite sides of stationary guides which extend in a direction parallel to the warps and which carry knives, simultaneously shooting a pile weft through the upper shed and a base weft through the lower shed, with the pile weft floating over the guides and certain of the warps, shedding the warps to weave in the base weft, and at the same time tying in the pile weft the pile wefts of alternate shots along the same warps, in one longitudinal zone the points of tying of alternate pile wefts being within the points of tying of intermediate pile wefts, and in the next adjacent longitudinal zone the points of tying of the intermediate pile wefts being witflin the points of tying of the alternate pile we s.

2. The method of weaving a weft cut pile fabric which consists in shedding warps to form upper 5 and lower sheds upon opposite sides of stationary guides which extend in a direction parallel to the warps and which carry knives, simultaneously" shooting a pile warp through the upper shed and a base weft through the lower shed with thepile 10 weft floating over the guides and a varying number of the warps shedding the warps to weave in the base weft and at the same time tying in the pile weft at diflerently spaced intervals as measured by the number of warps between the 15 points of tying in, said last mentioned shedding again forming upper and lower sheds upon opposite sides of the said guides, simultaneously shooting the pile weft and the base weft through the upper and lower sheds, respectively, with the pile weft floating over the guides and a varying number of the warps, then shedding the warps to weave in the base weft and tie in the pile weft along warps which are adjacent to the tying in warps which tie in the pile weft on the first mentioned shot, repeating the above noted shedding and shooting operations to tie in the pile wefts points of tying in of the alternate pile wefts, and

then drawing the woven fabric over the knives to cut the pile wefts as the fabric is being taken from the loom.

JAMES A. FLIGG.

Images