US2074575A - Elevator system - Google Patents

Description

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HMM www l W' @Fm/e? qMMNvENToRS M mmm Patented Mar. 23, 1937 UNITED STATES ELEVATOR SYSTEM Harold Waters, Hohokus, N. J., and William Frank Glaser, Eastchester, N. Y., assignors to Otis Elevator Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 9, 1934, Serial No. 752,241

81 Claims.

The invention relates to elevator systems.

The invention is directed to the automatic control of certain operations of an elevator car or cars. The form of elevator control to which the invention especially relates is one in which the starting of the elevator car after each stop is under the control of an attendant in the car, while the stopping of the car is automatic, stops to discharge passengers being made in response to push buttons withinthe elevator car operated by the attendant as directed by the passengers, and stops to take on passengers being made in response to push buttons at the landings operated by the intending passengers themselves. Such l5 control as applied to a plurality of elevator cars involves controlling the stopping of all cars by the push buttons at the landings, these buttons being common to the cars. Features of the invention reside in special adaptations of this form of control and the mechanisms involved, and in addition certain of the features are applicable to other forms of control.

'I'he principal object of the invention is to provide a maximum amount of service with minimum car travel.

Elevator systems to which the invention is particularly applicable and in connection with which it will be described are very complex. As an aid to an understanding of the principles and features of the invention, operation of the systems chosen to illustrate these principles and features will rst be outlined.

The cars are automatically picked out for travel above a predetermined landing. This landing may be the lower terminal landing or some intermediate landing. Each car is picked out for such travel whenever it has a car call registered for a landing above. As regards hall calls, a car is picked out for such travel when a hall call is registered for a landing above. Another car is picked out for such travel to help out the car already picked out whenever it becomes necessary to do so to provide the kind of service considered desirable for the particular installation.

Each car is started by manual operation on the part of the car attendant. When a car, in its travel in a certain direction, nears a landing for which a car button has been operated or for which a hall button for that direction has been operated, it slows down in response to that button and is brought to a stop at that landing.

Once a car is started in the up direction, it continues to travel in that direction after each of its stops until, in the event that it is the leading car, it answers the highest car call or down hall call.

PATENT OFFICE When such highest call is answered, the car moves away from the landing for which such call was registered in the down direction When the attendant starts it. In the case of a following car, once it is started in the up direction, it con;s tinues to travel in the up direction after each of its stops so long as it is necessary to do so to provide service which is considered essential for the particular installation.

The system may be arranged so that each car, once started in the up direction, is caused to travel at least to a certain intermediate landing before it can be reversed.

In one specific embodiment chosen for purposes of illustration, a car is picked out to travel above the lower terminal whenever the car button in that car is pressed for a landing above and Whenever an operated hall button for a landing above remains to be responded to.

Each car, once started in the up direction, continues its travel in the up direction after each stop until the highest operated car button in that car is responded to. Also, a car, once started in the up direction, continues its travel in the up direction after each stop so long as an operated hall button at a landing above the car remains to be responded to.

If the highest call registered be a down call, the leading car, as it nears the landing for which the call is registered, slows down in response to that call and is brought to a stop at that landing. When the leading car slows down preparatory to stopping at a landing in response to a down hall button at that landing or to the car button for that landing, under conditions where no push buttons are operated requiring further upward travel, it starts away from that landing in the down direction, after the stop has been made, upon the manual starting operation by the car attendant.

A following car continues its upward travel after each stop so long as a call is registered above the car but, ifl no car call is registered for that car for a landing above that car and no hall call is registered for a landing between that car and the leading car, at the time the leading car responds to the highest hall call which is registered, the following car slows down and stops at the next possible landing 'and starts in the down direction from that landing upon the manual starting operation of the car attendant.

The system may be arranged so that each car is caused to travel in the up direction at least to a predetermined intermediate landing. If, at the time it nears this landing, no calls are registered '4" which require further travel of the car above the predetermined landing, it slows down and stops at that landing and, upon the car being started, it leaves the landing in the down direction. How- 5 ever, if calls are registered which require travel of that car above the predetermined landing, it continues its travel past the predetermined landing without slowing ldown and stopping thereat unless the car button for that landing or up hall l0 button at that landing is pressed.

The service rendered maybe altered so as to cause each car, once started in the up direction, to continue to travel in that direction after each stop until the upper terminal floor is reached,

regardless of whether a push button for the upper terminal is pressed or not.

In another specific embodiment chosen for purposes of illustration, each car is picked out for travel above a predetermined landing when the car button in that car for a landing above is operated. If no other car has been picked out for travel above the predetermined landing, a car is picked out to do so when a hall call is registered for a landing above. If a car has been picked out for such travel, another car is also picked out for such travel when a hall button for a landing below the car already picked and requiring travel above the predetermined landing is operated. Once the car already picked out has answered the highest call, another car is picked out for such travel when a hall button for any landing .above the predetermined landing is operated.

A following car, once started in the up direction, continues its upward travel after each stop only so long as a car call for a landing above remains to be responded to or an up or a down hall call for a landing between the car and the up car next above remains to be responded to. When the car answers its highest car call, it starts away from the landing for which the call is registered in the down direction, provided no hall call between it and the up car next above is to be responded to. If one or more hall calls for landings between this car and the up car next above are to be responded to and if the highest of these calls is a down call, the car, as it nears the landing for which such down call is registered, slows down in response to that call and is brought to a stop at that landing. After making such stop, it starts away from that landing in the down direction upon the manual starting operation by the car attendant.

In another speoic embodiment chosen for purposes of illustration, each car as before is picked out for travel above a predetermined landing when the car button in that car for a landing above is operated. If no car has been picked out for travel above the predetermined landing, a car is picked out to do so when a hall call is registered for a landing above. If a car has already been picked out for such travel, another car is also picked out for such travel when an up hall button is operated for any landing below the car already picked out and above said predetermined 05 landing. However, another car is not picked out for such travel under such conditions if the call which is registered is a down hall call. Once the only up car already picked out answers its highest call, either car call or down hall call, another car is picked out for such travel when an up hall button is operated for a landing above the predetermined landing or when a. down hall button is operated for a landing above the landing for which such highest call was registered. An up travelling car cannot respond to a down hall call unless it is the leading car. The leading car responds to a down hall call only in case no calls are registered requiring further travel of that car in the up direction. The leading car is started from a landing in the down direction when the slow down at that landing was in response to the down hall button i'or that landing or to the car button for that landing under conditions where no calls were registered requiring further travel of the carin the up direction.

An up following car continues its upward travel only so long as a car call for-a landing above is to be responded to or an up hall call for a landing between the car and the up car next above remains to be responded to. When, upon answering its highest car call, no such up hall call exists, the car is started away from the landing for which the car call was registered in the down direction upon the starting of the car by the car attendant.

In still another embodiment chosen for purposes of illustration, each car as before is picked out for travel above a predetermined landing when a car button in that car for a landing above is operated. However, as regards hall calls, no car is picked out for travel above this landing when another car has already been picked out for such travel unless a hall call is registered which cannot be answered by a car already picked out during its travel above the predetermined landing in both directions. A car may also be picked out i'or travel above the predetermined landing when another car has already been picked out for such travel when the unanswered hall calls for landings above the predetermined landing reach a predetermined number. When two or more cars have been picked out for travel above the predetermined landing to help out each other, each following car continues its upward travel so long as unanswered calls exist above it.

Among the features of the invention is the manner in which the cars are picked out for travel above a predetermined landing.

Also. a feature of the invention is to automatically reverse the'direction of travel of a car when it answers a call under conditions where no other calls are registered which require further travel of the car in the same direction.

Another feature resides in causing a car, once started in a certain direction, to continue to travel in that direction after each stop, at least until a predetermined intermediate floor is reached.

Still another feature .is to cause the car to run past such predetermined intermediate iloor without stopping when an unanswered call exists for a floor beyond, unless a stop is required at such iloor to discharge passengers or to take on a passenger desiring to be carried in the direction in which the car is travelling.

There are several features oi control with respect to a car which is not the leading one. These include:

a. Causing a' following car to be slowed down, stopped and reversed at the next floor at which a normal stop can be made when the car ahead answers the farthest hall call, provided no hall call exists between the two cars or no car button is pressed in the following car requiring travel beyond such door.

b. Causing a following car to continue to travel in a certain direction only so long as a car call is registered in it requiring further travel in that direction or a hall call exists between it and the car next ahead travelling in the same direction.

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c. Causing a following car to continue to travel in a certain direction only so long as a car call is registered in it requiring further travel in that direction or a hall call exists ahead of it which cannot be answered by a car ahead, regardless of the direction of travel of such car ahead.

d. Causing a following car to travel beyond a predetermined intermediate oor only when a car call exists therefor for a oor beyond, When a hall call exists, for or beyond that oor and requiring travel beyond the floor, which is behind a car ahead of the following car, regardless of the direction of travel of such car ahead, or when the unanswered hall calls for iioors beyond reach a predetermined number.

A further feature of the invention involves causing any car selected to run beyond a predetermined intermediate floor to continue to travel to the terminal before reversing.

A further feature resides in advising the car attendant by signal as to the direction in which his car is set to travel.

Another feature resides in advising the car attendant by signal upon the arrival of his car at the predetermined intermediate floor whether or not his car is selected to travel beyond that floor.

Another feature is to cause the hall lantern which is lighted at any floor at which a car is to be stopped to be in accordance with the direction in which the car is to leave the floor, regardless of its direction of approach, and to cause the period during which the lantern is lighted to be of a maximum duration without false or duplicate indications.

There are many other features and advantages of the system. These will be set forth in the following description and appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a simplified schematic representation of an elevator installation in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the selector machine used in the control system;

Figure 3 is a detail in side elevation of the f selector switches and operating mechanism therefor;

Figure 4 is another detail of the same in front elevation, Figure 3 being taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 4;

Figure 5 is a fragmental detail of one of the selector switches and its operating cams as viewed from above, this View being taken along the line 5-5 of Figure 3;

Figure 6 illustrates the settings of the operating cams for the selector switches, these views being taken along the lines A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D, lil-E, and F-F of Figure 4;

Figure 'l is a detail in side elevation illustrating the advancer mechanism for the brushes and pawls on the selector machine carriage, the counterbalance therefor, and the scale for setting the selector switches;

Figure 8 is a detail of the same in front elevation;

Figure 9 is a detail in side elevation of mechanism for retracting the pawls and a control switch operated thereby for the advancer mechanism;

Figure l0 is a detail of the same in front elevation;

Figure l1 is a top view of a floor bar of the selector, illustrating the arrangement of the stationary contacts and floor brush switch thereon, and also illustrating the travelling brushes for engaging the stationary contacts and the cam for operating the floor brush switch;

Figure 12 is a detail in front elevation of the stopping, reset, hall light, and automatic reversal brushes, and the operating cam shown in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a side view of the frame which carries the stopping brushes, illustrating the arrangement for controlling the manner in which the stopping brushes engage their cooperating stationary contacts;

Figure 14 is a side view taken along the line lit- I4 of Figure 12, showing one of the stopping brushes and also showing the manner in which it cooperates with a stationary contact;

Figure 15 is a side view taken along the lin"Y I5-i5 of Figure 12, showing a reset brush in en gagement with a stationary contact;

Figure 16 is a detail in front elevation of thc remaining brushes shown in Figure 11;

Figure 17 is a view in side elevation taken along the line I'l-I'l of Figure 16, showing the devtails of the brush for controlling the point at which automatic door opening takes place and also showing the manner in which this brush cooperates with a stationary contact;

Figure 18 is a top view, with parts broken away, showing the details of a floor brush switch:

Figure 19 is a view in front elevation showing the arrangement of the floor bars for several `floors;

Figure 20 is a schematic representation oi' the levelling mechanism;

Figure 21 is a detail in side elevation of ,i :witch unit of the levelling mechanism;

Figure 22 is a top view of the same;

Figure 23 is a diagrammatic representation ci the control panel showing the relationship oi the coils and contacts of the various switches mounted thereon;

Figures 24a, b and c, taken together, constitute a simplified diagram of the power and con trol circuits for one elevator;

Figure 25 is a siinplied diagram of the slev-f down and signal circuits for a second elevator. similar circuits for the rst elevator being ecn-i tained in Figure 24h;

Figure 26 is a simplified diagram of the cilcuits for the car call and car position indicators Figure 27 is a simplied diagram of a modiA fied form of control showing only enough of the circuits for two elevators to illustrate the manner in which the circuits dier from the circuits of Figur s 24h and 25 and to illustrate the prin ciples involved;

Figure 28 is a simplified diagram of another modified form of control showing only enough of the circuits for two elevators to illustrate the manner in which the circuits diller from the circuits of Figure 27 and to illustrate the prin-1 ciples involved; and

Figure 29 is a simplified diagram of still another modied form of control showing onli' enough of the circuits for two elevators to illusn trate the manner in which the circuits differ from the circuits of Figures 24h and 25 and to illustrate the principles involved.

For a general understanding of the invention. reference may be had to Figure l, wherein vari ous parts of the system, chosen to illustrate tbv principles of the invention, are indicated l# legend. Only one elevator, shown positioned .ai the rst floor, is illust-rated, but it is to be un derstood that the invention is applicable to auf: number of elevators.

The elevator car is raiserl l

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