US2073649A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

C. D. PRICE CARBURETOR 'March 16', 1937.

Fi lecl March 19, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet l Maia! w; 1937. c, D, PRICE 2,073,649

CARBURETOR Filed March 19, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 1'6, 1937. 3, PR|E 2,073,649

CARBURETOR Filed March 19, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CAR-BURET'OH Charles D. Price, Baraboo, Wis.

Application March 19, 1935, Serial ,No'. 11,853

Claims.

This invention relates to a carburetor for use in connection with an internal combustion engine for vaporizing fuel and one object of the invention is to provide a carburetor including a chamber in which air and fuel vapors are intermingled prior to entering the intake manifold of an em gine, means being provided in the chamber for heating the air and fuel vapors and causing the air and fuel vapors to be thoroughly intermingled as they pass through the chamber.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the heating and mixing chamber that flow of air into the chamber may be accurately controlled according to the speed at which the engine is operating through the medium of gates which are moved in an opening direction by inwardly traveling air and yieldably held against such movement so that the extent to which the gates open will be responsive to variations of suction created when the engine is operating at different speeds.

Another object of the invention is to permit fuel vapors to be fed into the mixing chamber from a plurality of fuel chambers or receptacles and not only allow the quantity of vaporized fuel to be controlled but also fuel selectively delivered either fromone or more of the fuel receptacles.

Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a carburetor in which the incoming fuel vapors will be spread above the heater and not only well distributed in the mixing chamber but also thoroughly intermingled with the incoming air.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the heating element of the device that its inlet and outlet necks may be coupled to portions of the exhaust pipe of an engine and thus permit the hot exhaust gases to serve as means for heating the heating element.

Another object of the invention is to permit moisture to be delivered tothe incoming air and allow control of the moisture so that the quantity admitted maybe regulated and entirely cut oil when not necessary.-

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved carburetor.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken vertically through the carburetor.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the carburetor.

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken along the line 55 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a section through one of the fuel receptacles taken along the line 66 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the fuel nozzle.

This improved carburetor consists briefly of a body 1 defining a mixing chamber 2 in which is mounted a heater 3, a hood 4 through which air passes into the mixing chamber 2, and fuel receptaciesi} and from which fuel is selectively delivered through a nozzle 7 into the hood 4 at approximately the point of communication between the hood and the mixing chamber.

The body iis formed of strong metal and has a reduced lower portion 3 terminating in a neck 9 carrying a'fiange it! through which bolts H are passed to securely but detachably hold the body in engagement with the intake manifold E2 of an internal combustion engine. A butterfly valve I3 is mounted in the neck 9 with its stem I'd projecting from one side of the neck and carrying crank arms l5 and IE to which an actuating rod l6 and a rod or link ll are connected. By this arrangement the actuating rod l6 may be of the usual length for connection with operating mechanism under control of the driver of an automobile or operator of a motor used for any purpose and, therefore, the butterfly valve may be opened or closed in the usual manner.

The hood 4 through which air enters the mixing chamber 2 has a base l8 carrying side ears l9 through which bolts 20 are passed, the bolts also passing through side ears 2! at the upper end of the body I to securely hold the hood in. place where it serves as a cover for the upper end. of the mixing chambers This hood extends diametrically of the body, as shown in Figure 4, with one end portion projecting beyond the body. The projected end is open and constitutes an. inlet through which air passes, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 2. The air moves longitudinally of the hood and downwardly through a throat defined by walls 22 rising from the bottom. of thehood. at opposite sides of a passage or opening 23 formed in the bottom or base of the hood and establishing communication between the hood and the mixing chamber. In order to regulate flow of air through the inlet of the hood, there has been provided a gate valve or choke valve 24 carried by a stem 25 journaled transversely throughthe inlet end of the hood and at one side of the hood projecting therefrom and carrying an arm 26 to which an actuating rod 21 is attached so that the choke valve may be held closed when necessary. A spring 28 having one end bearing against an abutment 29 in the hood and its other end attached to a set screw 30 carried by the depending end portion 3l of the choke valve, yieldably resists opening of the choke valve but permits the choke valve to be swung inwardly in an opening direction. as air is sucked into the hood. By adjusting the set screw the amount of suction required to open the choke valve may be regulated.

andrfuel which are mixed in the chamber 2 are to be heated by the heater 3 and in order to prevent escape of warm air from this chamber through the hood when the motor is cut off, there has been provided gates or shutters 32 and 33 which extend between the walls 22 of the throat and are pivotally mounted at their upper ends by pivot pins 34 extending longitudinally of the hood and journaled in upper corner portions of the walls 22. These shutters have their lower ends curved, as shown at 35 and 36, to overlap below the nozzle 1 when the shutters are closed, as shown in Figure 5, and in order to yieldably hold the shutters closed, there has been provided a plunger 3'! which is slidably engaged through an opening formed in the top wall of the hood and has its lower end pivoted to arms 38 carried by the shutters. These arms have their ends overlapped and formed with longitudinally extending slots 39 to receive a pin 40 carried by the forked lower end of the plunger whereby the arms may have sliding and pivotal movement relative to the plunger. About the projecting upper portion of the plunger is placed a spring 4|, the upper end of which bears against a washer 42 engaged by a nut 43 threaded upon the upper end of the plunger. Therefore, the spring may serve to yieldably hold the shutters closed and by adjusting the nut the amount of suction required to move the shutters in an opening direction may be regulated. A rocker arm 44 which is pivoted to a bracket 45 carried by the hood has its outer end pivoted to the upper end of the rod or link I! and its inner end formed with a downturned head to engage the upper end of the plunger 3i and press upon this plunger to depress the same and cause the shutters to be moved in an opening direction when the butterfly valve is opened. It will thus be seen that the shutters will be moved in an opening direction when the butterfly valve is opened but when the engine is speeded up, suction through the throat may cause the shutters to be opened to a greater extent and allow more air to pass into the mixing chamber. Flow of air may, therefore, be controlled by suction in accordance with the speed at which the engine is operating and the proper amount of air delivered. At certain times it is desirable tohave moisture supplied to the incoming air and in order to do so, there has been provided a pipe 46 which may lead from the filling neck of a radiator and. is attached to a valve 41 having its outlet neck 48 engaged through an opening formed in the top Wall of the hood. This valve has the usual handle 49 to which an operating rod may be attached so that the valve may be opened or closed according to whether it is desirable to have moisture supplied to the incoming air. Water drips from the valve onto a platform 49' mounted in the inlet of the carburetor and, as the platform is disposed at an incline, the water will drain off the outer end of the platform if the valveleaks or is accidentally left open when the motor is at rest.

The fuel receptacles 5 and 6 are carried by a bracket 50 extending from the side of the body I opposite the inlet end of the hood and, while two fuel receptacles have been shown, it will be understood that any number may be provided. Each of the fuel receptacles is formed as shown in Figure 6 and has a lower inlet neck 5| to which a feed pipe 52 is connected by a coupling 53. A needle valve 54 extends vertically in the receptacle with its upper end housed in a cap 55 rising from the cover 56 of the receptacle, and in spaced relation to its upper end the needle valve carries a grooved collar 51 into which engage ends of levers 58 pivoted to depending arms 59 carried by the cover. These levers have their outer ends turned downwardly for engagement by a float 60 which fits loosely in the receptacle and from an inspection of Figure 6 it will be readily seen that when liquid fuel in the receptacle rises to a certain height the float will apply pressure to the downturned ends of the levers and cause the needle valve to be forced downwardly and close the inlet at the bottom of the receptacle. As fuel is consumed the float lowers thus permitting the downturned and weighted outer ends of the levers to swing downwardly and cause the needle valve to be drawn upwardly to an open position in which fuel may enter the receptacle and continue fiowing inwardly until the valve is again closed. Both of the fuel receptacles may be filled with gasoline or one with gasoline and the other with kerosene or any other type of fuel desired.

Outlet pipes 6| and 62 through which fuel is delivered from the receptacles, extend from the lower portions of these receptacles with the pipe or tube 6| extending about the receptacle 6 from the receptacle 5. Both of these tubes extend upwardly, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, and at their upper ends communicate with branches 63 and 64 of a manifold pipe or tube 65 which is connected with the outer end of the fuel nozzle 1 by a coupling 66. Needle valves 61 and 68 are threaded into the arms 63 and 64 of the manifold tube through caps 69 and 10 and at their outer ends carry crank arms H and 12 to which are attached actuating rods 13 and 14, by means of which the valves may be individually opened and closed. Therefore, fuel may be fed from one or both of the receptacles. These receptacles may receive their fuel from a common fuel tank or from separate fuel tanks and may be used together, or fuel only fed from one receptacle and the other used as a reserve supply. It will also be obvious that if gasoline is fed to one receptacle and kerosene to another, a motor may be started with gasoline as its fuel and after it has become heated, a mixture of gasoline and kerosene fed to the mixing chamber and the gasoline gradually cut off until kerosene alone is used.

Referring to Figure 5 it will be seen that the outlet of the nozzle 'i is in the form of a slot 15 extending longitudinally therein at one side of the nozzle. Therefore, the fuel when drawn out of the nozzle by suction will be delivered in a flat spray and strike against an inclined surface of one of the shutters. This will cause the fuel to rebound from the shutter and become mixed with the incoming air. This mixture of air and fuel passes downwardly through the throat of the hood into the upper end of the mixing chamber where it will encounter a dividing bar 16 which extends diametrically through the mixing chamber at right angles to the fuel nozzle with its ends journaled in openings formed in Walls of the body. One end projects from the body, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and carries a handle 1'! by means of which the dividing bar may be turned about its axis and very effectively control spreading of the incoming mixture of air and fuel.

In order to heat the mixture of air and fuel and cause a more thorough intermingling of the air and fuel the heater 3 has been mounted in the mixing chamber. This heater is in the form of a hollow drum having necks l8 and 19 at opposite sides thereof which are formed integral with walls of the body and extend outwardly therefrom. At their ends the necks terminate in sockets to receive flexible tubes 80 which preferably branch from the exhaust pipe of the engine or may form sections thereof, although it will be understood that these flexible pipes may be entirely separate from the exhaust and hot air fed through the flexible pipe connected with the neck 18 in any desired manner. The hot air passes through the inlet neck 18 which is controlled by a butterfly valve 8!, the stem 82 of which is journaled through walls of the inlet neck and carries a crank arm 83 to which an actuating rod is attached so that this valve may be opened or closed according to the amount of hot air which it is desired to have delivered into I the heating drum. The hot air passes through the heating drum from the inlet neck to the outlet neck and in so doing passes around flues 85 which extend vertically through the drum and these flues will be heated as well as the walls and upper and lower heads of the drum so that as the mixture of air and fuel passes downwardly through the mixing chamber about the drum and through the fiues, the fuel mixture will be heated and delivered to the intake manifold of the engine in a heated condition. As the body of intermingled air and fuel will be divided as it passes through the lines and about the drum, a very thorough mixture will take place. Therefore, a

highly combustible fuel mixture will be delivered into the manifold l2 of the engine.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end, a head closing the other end of the mixing chamber and formed with an opening constituting an inlet for the mixing chamber, a hood carried by said head for delivering air through the inlet into the mixing chamber, shutters pivotally mounted in the hood at opposite sides of the hood with their free ends extendingtoward the inlet, yieldable means normally holding said shutters in position to contact their free ends with each other and close the inlet, the shutters being movable away from each other in an opening direction by suction exerted through the mixing chamber, and a fuel nozzle extending across the inlet opening between said shutters and having an outlet opening formed through one side for discharging fuel against a shutter whereby the fuel will rebound from the shutter as a spray toward the other shutter and mix with incoming air when the shutters are open.

2. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end, a head at the other end of said chamber formed with an opening constituting an inlet for the chamber, a fuelnozzle extending across the inlet opening, a heater in said chamber spaced from walls of the chamber and having its ends spaced from ends of the chamber, passages being formed through the heater between its ends, a spreader bar extending through the mixing chamber between the heater and inlet and disposed transversely of said nozzle, the nozzle having an outlet disposed over the spreader bar, a hood carried by said head for delivering air into the mixing chamber through the inlet, partitions in the hood at opposite ends of the inlet, shutters pivoted between said partitions at opposite sides of said nozzle, arms carried by said shutters, a plunger slidable through the top of said hood with its inner end engaging said arms, a spring urging said plunger outwardly to draw the shutters toward each other to a closed position in which the free ends of the shutters contact below the nozzle, the outlet of the nozzle being formed in a side thereof whereby fuel ejected from the nozzle will strike a shutter and rebound as a spray to mingle with incoming air, and means at the outlet of said chamber for controlling suction through the outlet.

3. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and an inlet at its other end, a hood for delivering air to the chamber through the inlet, shutters at the inlet yieldably held closed and adapted to be moved to an open position by suction exerted through the outlet whereby air may be drawn into the mixing chamber through the inlet, a heater in the mixing chamber between the inlet and outlet, fuel receptacles, a fuel nozzle extending transversely through the inlet and between the shutters and formed with an opening for discharging fuel formed in a side of the nozzle whereby fuel ejected from the nozzle will strike a shutter and rebound as a spray to intermingle with incoming air passing through the inlet, pipes connecting said fuel receptacles with said nozzle, and means for selectively controlling flow of fuel from the receptacles to said nozzle.

4. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and an inlet at its other end, a valve for the outlet having a stem extending externally thereof, a nozzle for discharging fuel extending across the inlet, a hood for delivering air into the mixing chamber through the inlet, shutters for controlling flow of air through the inlet pivotally mounted at opposite sides of the inlet with the nozzle extending between the shutters, means to yieldably hold said shutters closed including a plunger projecting outwardly from the hood and a spring about the plunger, said shutters being movable away from the nozzle in an opening direction by suction exerted through the outlet and mixing chamber, a rocker bar pivotally connected with said hood, a link connecting one end of said rocker bar with the stem of said valve, the other end of said rocker bar being disposed over said plunger for engagement with the plunger to apply pressure thereto and move the plunger in a direction to open the shutters when the valve is opened, means for supplying fuel tosaid nozzle, and a heater in said chamber between the inlet and outlet.

5'. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and an inlet at its other end, a fuel nozzle extending across the inlet, a heater in said chamber, a spreader bar extending through the mixing chamber between the heater and inlet and disposed transversely of said nozzle, the nozzle having an outlet disposed over the spreader bar, a hood for delivering air into the mixing chamber through the inlet, partitions in the hood at opposite ends of the inlet, shutters

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