US2067947A

US2067947A - Textile material and its preparation

Info

Publication number: US2067947A
Application number: US708014A
Authority: US
Inventors: Platt Herbert
Original assignee: Celanese Corp
Current assignee: Celanese Corp
Priority date: 1933-07-03
Filing date: 1934-01-23
Publication date: 1937-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 1954-01-19

Description

s PATENTMQFFICE if 2.067.947 a I TEXTILE MATERIAL AND ITS I PREPARATION Iierbert Platt, Cumberland, Md assignor to Cela- 1 nese Corporation of Delaware 'No Drawing.

- -'16 Claims.

This invention relates to-the treatment of yarns and .filainents of organic derivatives of cellulose for the purpose of rendering them more readily delusterable wherein the treating material acts also as alubricant;

An object of the invention is the economic and expeditious production of delustered textile ma terialsp, Other objectsof the invention will appear from the following-detailed description.

In the processing of substantially continuous filaments of organic derivatives of cellulose into overcome or greatly reduced and yarns, threads and fabric, in various textile operations, such for example as twisting, doubling,

hanking, rewinding, warping, weaving; knitting,

netting and so forth, as also in the winding of the filaments in the manufacture of the filaments themselves, .diiliculties are liable to arise owing tohairing orflufilng of the yarns, etc., consequen t' on breakage of individual filaments, or to electrifleation of the yarns in travel'or working or to tension and binding action caused in passing through guides, needles, etc. These occurrences may cause asubstantial amount of waste, or hamper efliclent working and detrimentally affect the quality of the"'goods produced.

{have found that these drawbacks can be other beneficial 1 properties imparted to the ya etc., by applyinga special mixture comprisl g a lubricant and a phenolic body to the same during one of the -winding operations, which mixture acts as a I lubricant and a delustergpromoting agent.

a The dressing or coating applied to the yarns, I threads, etc., lubricates them and prevents or reduces the tendency to hairlng or fiufling or electrification in :the manufacturing of the threads and in subsequent textile operations.

In the lubricating dressing is a deluster prom gting agent that is held by the lubricant proper in contact with the yarn throughout the'processing operation. Thus, yarn lubricated in this manner delusters very rapidly, evenly and ''completely when treated with scouring, dyeing. or wet team or other hot aqueous baths. The treated material is more rapidly wet out than material treated with known lubricants.

Thedeluster promoting agent contained in the lubricating dressing acts not only to speedily wet out and deluster the material to which it is applied but alsd, acts as an aid or preservative for the lubricating ingredient of the dressing. Thus,

the dressing on the treated yarn is stable and long delays may be made between processing steps without necessitating the relubrication of the material. The tendency of the lubricant to Application January 23, 4 y Serial No. 708,014

.' other yarn.

America, a corporation of become oxidized or otherwise to deteriorate is greatly reduced. g

Yarns and threads treated according to this invention are satisfactorily lubricated, so that they maybe knitted into hose, or other circular 5 knit fabrics or woven into fine iabrics free of "defects. Materials made from yarns or threads treated according to this invention when treated with hotv aqueous media deluster more quickly and slightly heavier than yarns merely treated 10 with an oil. The yarnstreated according to this invention also dye slightly heavier in shade than yarns treated by former methods. The lubricating dressing aids in wetting out the materials. Thus hose or other fabrics made 15 from the treated yarn may bedyed without prewetting out or treatment by a boil-01f, and upon delustering, dyeing orother finishing treatmentsdevelop less creases than fabrics formed from According to this inventionl apply a comprising a lubricant such as a vegetable, animal or mineral oil and a phenolic body, to the threads, yarnsetc., whether in the course of production at the spinning cabinet orsubse- 25 iquently in preparation for orduring any mechanical or hand textile operation.

The lubricating dressing may especiallybe applied to the yarns of associated filaments in the course of their production, the wet or dry method of spinning, or it may be applied subsequently before or during any textile operations in which they are employed, especially ,those operationsinvolving a winding operation:

By applying the dressing in the course of pro- .35 duction of the filaments, this application'may suffice for the subsequent textile operations. If desired, however, a lubricating dressing as described may her/applied both during the production of the yarns and later at any required tex- 40 tile operation. I

.The lubricating agent of the dressing is pref erably olive oil, teaseed oil, castor oil orcotton seed oil. However, other lubricants may be used or mixed therewith such as petroleum jelly, animal fats and wax, glycolsand polyhydric alcohols and similarlubricants. The vegetable oils lend :themselyes exceptionally well as a lubricant for organic derivatives of cellulose and these mixed. with the phenolic body are made more stable and maintain their high lubricating pro erties for a long period of time. I

The phenolic body preferably used to form the dressing'is preferably cresylic acid (cresol) Cresylic acid may be used without danger to injuring 20 lubricant whetherfformed by 5 I is used as the scouring bathto remove the dress-.

ing. Although cresylic acid has the most advantageous properties as a constituent of the lubricating dressing other'members of the phenolic family may be used such as phenols, xylenols, resorcinols, etc.

The particular nature of the dressing and the manner of applying it may vary considerably accordingto the particular textile operation in view of other circumstances. In 200 parts of the dressing there may be-used from less than one to 50 parts and above of cresylic acid and from 199 to 150 parts a lubricating oil. There may be applied to the yarn any desired amount of dressing limited however by the consistency of the dressing. A dressing of mixtures of olive oil and cresylic acid may be applied in amounts of from, 1 to 4% the weight of the yarn, which amount is found sufilcient for all.ordinary textile operations.

' In applying the dressing to the yarns in course of their production, the, yarns of associated filaments, in their travel to the deviceson which they are wound as produced, may pass in contact with pads, rollers, or other surfaces impregnated or supplied with the dressing, or through a bath of same, or the dressing may be sprayed on them in their travel.

When the dressing is to be applied to the yarns subsequently, they may be dipped in or treated therewith in hank or package form, or be wound oil? on to bobbins, cops, tubes, banking frames, beams, rollers or the like in such a way as to pass in contact with finishing devices that may be rollers, discs, wicks, pads or other surfaces supplied or impregnated with the dressing, or through a bath or spray of the dressing on their way to the wind up device.

The lubricating dressing may be applied in concentrated form or as an emulsion or solution from suitable carriers and solvents. Thus a mixture of the lubricating dressing and a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycol, diethylene glycol or glycerine, may be employed. If the lubricating dressing is viscous, such as that formed by a heavy or semi solid oil, the same may be applied while hot.

The lubricating dressing may be removed from the yarns or fabric made therefrom in the manner heretofore used in connection .with other inbricants. It may be removed in a soap bath, dye bath or other delustering baths. Such substances as tetralin (tetrahydronaphthalene) or pine oil may be used in the delustering bath. Upon the application of heated baths to .the yarn or fabric the same is readily delustered and develops a soft smooth hand that readily takes dyes evenly and to a darker shade than normally treated yarns. This invention is applicable to the treatment of yarns or filaments, under which terms are included, threads, assemblies or bundles of a number of continuous filaments which may be in parallel relationship or which may be twisted together, artificial bristles, straws, short lengths of staple fibres-or yarn spun from such staple fibres. This invention is also applicable to fabrics formed in whole or in part from such textile yarns and filaments and to films and foils.

into a closely knitted fabric of This invention is applicable to yarns and filaments formed of organic derivatives of cellulose such as ethers and esters of cellulose. Examples of organic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose form ate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate while examples of ethers of cellulose are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

The yarns or filaments may contain besides the organic derivative of cellulose, effect materials Example I Cellulose acetate yarn, formed by the dry method of spinning i. e. by extruding a solution of acetone soluble cellulose acetate in acetone through suitable sized orifices into a heated atmosphere, is drawn from the spinning cabinet and caused to wipe across a wick that dips into a mixture consisting of 190 parts of olive oil and 10 parts of cresylic acid; The wick is suitably adjusted such that itfurnishes 3% on the of the mixture to the yarn.

The yarn is sufliciently lubricated to be knitted fine stitch shape and may be woven into fabrics.

Example II Example I is repeated using a mixture of 1'70 parts of olive oil or teaseed oil and 30 parts of cresylic acid. The same results are obtained.

Example III Example IV Example III is repeated with 1 cc. per liter of tetralin and 2 cc.- per liter of pine oil added to the delustering bath. The material is more heavily delustered than that of Example III.

The fabric of both Examples HI and IV dye on a jig a slightly heavier shade and more rapidly than fabric not treated with the lubricating dressing of this invention. 1

weight of the yarn Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing comprising a water-insoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

2. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing comprising a water-lnsoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

3. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing comprising oiiye oil and cresylic acid.

; 4. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate which comprises apn s thereto P! 76 2,067,947 to fabric formation a dressing comprising olive oil and cresyiic acid.

5. Process of treating yams containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing comprising a vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

6. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing comprising a vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

7 Processor treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulose comprising in an operationcombined with the dry-spinning and winding of said yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing olive oil and cresylic acid.

8. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate comprising, in an operation combined with the dry-spinning and winding of said yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing olive oil and cresylic acid.

9. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises in an operation combined with the spinning and winding of said yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing a. vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

10. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate which comprises in an operation combined' with the spinning and winding of said yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing a vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

11. A package of yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose comprising a water-insoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

12. A package of yarn of cellulose acetate comprising a water-insoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

13. A package of yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose coated with a vegetableoil and cresylic acid.

14. A package of yarn of cellulose acetate coated with olive oil and cresylic acid.

15. Process of treating yarns containing-organic derivatives of cellulose, which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing containing a water-insoluble lubricant and 0.5 to 25% of cresylic acid.

16. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate, which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressing containing a water-insoluble lubricant and 0.5 to 25% of cresylic acid.

- aw T PLATT,