US2067624A - Machine for polishing, sanding, and the like - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12, 1937. w. o. ARNOLD 2,057,624

MACHINE FOR POLISHING, SANDING AND THE LIKE Filed July 18, 19155 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. J1 4 iv Maxim; flA/wald ATTORNEY.

Jan. 12, 1937. w Q ARNOLD 2,067,624

MACHINE FOR POLISHING, SANDING AND THE LIKE Filed July 18, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TEE- db A A A INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

J7 J3 fl .7. Jz T15 Patented Jan. 12, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE FOR POLISHING, SANDING, AND THE LIKE 10 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for polishing, sanding and the like.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: To provide an im- 5 proved machine as characterized, having means whereby the machine can be used for a plurality of purposes; to provide means for operating the same at a minimum cost; to be enabled to adjust workable parts of the machine without too much delay; to be enabled to use the machine as a sander and/or a rubber; to provide means when used as a sander whereby sandpaper or the like can be readily attached and/or removed in minimum time; to be enabled to employ a double re- 15 ciprocating means for operating the machine; to grip the sandpaper or the like at the ends thereof which are transverse to direction of movement; to hold the sandpaper or the like under tension and take up slack therein while in use; to obtain 20 straight-line reciprocation of the rubbing and/or sanding element; to reduce to substantial elimination the undesired vibration of the machine; to lubricate the moving parts in use by an application of the lubricant at one place; to spread the 25 exhaust air or other fluid actuating medium; to reduce to a minimum the working parts and to otherwise simplify the construction and use of my improved machine; and to obtain other advantages and resultsas may be brought out in 30 the following description.

Drawings:

Figure l is a View in elevation, looking at what may, for convenience, be termed the front of my improved machine;

35 Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view, looking in the same direction as Figure 1, and shown as taken on line 22 of Figure 3;

Figure 3 is an end elevation;

Figures 4 and 5 are transverse vertical sectional 40 views taken on lines 4-4 of Figure 2 and 5-5 of Figure 1, respectively;

Figure 6 is a plan of the synchronizing connection for the reciprocating platens; and

Figure 7 is a View similar to Figure 2 and show- 45 ing the adaptability of a sanding tool thereon.

Description:

As seen in the drawings, the reference numeral l indicates the machine housing or body having therein a pair of opposed cylinders H, I I, and

50 which may, for convenience, comprise a single boring so that said cylinders are in direct communication with each other at their inner ends. In each cylinder H is a piston l2, and the two pistons are opposed with respect to each other,

55 each with a piston rod [3, shown integral therewith, projecting from the outer end of the cylinder in which such piston operates.

At the. outer end of each piston rod I 3 is mounted a coupling It the lower part of which interlocks with and supports a slide l5, these parts being shown secured rigidly together by bolts IS. The slide i5 extends partway beneath the body or housing l 0, parallel to the axis of the piston l2 and piston rod I 3. The inter-engaging surfaces between said slide and the housing are prefer- 10 ably provided with serrations i5 longitudinally disposed in direction of sliding so as to prevent any lateral vibration and to provide a good support and sliding contact. The same serrations in the slide may extend to the outer end thereof if desired and, with similar serrations in the bottom of coupling l4, provide an aligning, nontwisting connection between the slide l5 and coupling l4.

Fluid pressure, such as air, is shown introduced through a suitable coupling A at the top of the housing communicating with a horizontal channel I! in the housing so as to enter through ports i8 next to the outer ends of the cylinders H, H between the outer face of the pistons l2 and appropriate packing I 9. There will consequently always be sufiicient pressure on the outer ends of the pistons to actuate the pistons inwardly when there is no applied pressure at the opposite side of pistons. In the piston rods I 3, I provide one or more radial valve ports 20, which, for most of the stroke, are covered by the packing 19, but which, at the inner stroke position of the pistons will be exposed within the cylinders H to receive the pressure communicated thereto through channel I? and ports I 8, l8. The pistons likewise have longitudinal passages 2| therein in constant communication with radial valve ports 20 and opening through the inner ends of the piston. By this course pressure will be introduced to the inner ends of the cylinders and by virtue of that pressure acting upon the entire inner ends of the pistons, the pistons are thereupon both forced outwardly to a position where the inner ends thereof uncover exhaust ports 22 opening downwardly toward the slides l5. By this means, an automatically reversing reciprocating motion is imparted to the pistons, piston rods, couplings and slides.

In order to synchronize the movement of the two slides l5 under working conditions, each is preferably provided with a rack 23 extending in a direction longitudinally of the direction of sliding motion of the slides. The racks of the two slides are offset with respect to each other so as to overlap with a space between sufficient to receive an idler gear or pinion 25 in mesh with both racks. This construction necessitates that both slides must move substantially simultaneously in opposite directions and change their direction of movement substantially simultaneously. The pinion is shown as mounted upon the lower end of coupling A as a pivot. Furthermore, the pinion, as well as the racks and inner ends of the slides are shown held upwardly in place toward the housing by U-shaped brackets 2% extending longitudinally of the housing and slides and fixed to the housing as by bolts 26.

The slides l as here shown, provide integrally formed flanges 2'! extending laterally from oppo site sides thereof next the bottom of the slides so as to constitute what may here be termed a platen. The working tool to be Operated by the machine is attached against the undersideof the platen. The two tools will be operated simultaneously toward each other and simultaneously away from each other thereby reducing vibration of the body of the machine to a minimum.

It is a feature of the present invention to provide proper lubricating means for all of the working parts and enable the lubricant to be injected only at one place by the operator. As here shown, a one-way lubricating fitting 28 is shown at one side of the housing. Details of this fitting are well known in the art, they being constructed to admit lubricant from the exterior, but having a one-way ball valve means therein for preventing return of the lubricant or other pressure from escaping. Such a fitting is here employed and shown particularly in Figure 5 as entering the air conveying passages at the juncture of the main channel ll with coupling A where the pas sage through the coupling opens into said channel. It may accordingly be here noted that the coupling A, in the part extending from channel l'l downwardly to its end forming the pivot for pinion 2i has a lubricant duct 29 therein substantially to its lower end where a transverse oil hole 30 radially of the fitting will permit grease or other lubricant to pass from the duct to the surface between the fitting and pinion. The lubricant introduced into the main channel il will be carried by the operating air or other fluid into the cylinders: II for lubricating the pistons, and some will be carried out of the exhaust port 22. Preferably the exhaust port 22, at the exhaust period, registers with a transverse slot M in the upper face of the slide l5. This slot 35 is transverse to the several serrations in the upper face of the slide, and preferably the peaks of the ridges of the serrations in both the housing and slide are rounded off or otherwise shaped so as to provide space. between the ridges of the serrations and the juxtaposed valleys thereof. The exhaust fluid pressure will therefore spread laterally in slot SI and then escape through the several spaces longitudinally of the serrations. Lubricant is carried with this exhaust air and accordingly maintains the desired lubricated condition between the slide and the housing.

According to the present invention, I may provide a buifing tool 32 to be secured to the aforesaid platen or underside of the flanges Zl. This tool is shown as providing a plate 33 on the underside of which is held buffing material such as a felt pad 34. The pad is preferably secured to the plate by means of depressed nuts 35 in the pad, receiving screws 36 projecting into the pad from said plate 33. The tool is secured flatwise against flanges 21 of the platen by suitable bolts 31.

Another tool 38 more especially intended for mounting sheet abrasive, such as sand-paper is shown in Figure 7 attached to the flanges 2'! of the platen by said bolts 31. This tool preferably provides a lower plate 39 as a bearing surface for the sheet of abrasive Ml. Upstanding side flanges 4i space this plate 39 from the flanges 21 of the platen and provide means for receiving the attaching bolts 31. Between said lower plate and the platen and at the opposite ends of the tool which in use are transverse to the direction of movement of the tool are jaws 42. These jaws may conveniently provide one member 43 pivoted at it to the upstanding flange ll. The other jaw member a5 is pivoted as at 46 to the first said jaw member and has associated in fixed relationto the said other jaw member 45 an upwardly projecting crank arm M. From the upper end of this crank arm 41 extends a rod 48 projecting toward the middle of the tool and having a nut 39 at its inner end. Near the pivoted end of this rod 48 the same passes through a yoke 5! or similar part of an eccentric bar 52 extending substantially parallel to the rod 48. A compression spring 53 is upon the rod and bears at its ends against nut 49 and yoke 5|. An eccentric 54 operated by a screw-head 55 at the outside of flange 4! will move eccentric bar 52 longitudinally thereby either tensioning the spring or releasing the tension thereof depending upon the turning of the eccentric and screw-head. When the spring is placed under pressure, it tends to close the jaw members together to grip the abrasive sheet and likewise tends to swing the jaws upwardly as a unit, thereby placing tension on the sheet. This tension is in the longitudinal direction of the sheet corresponding to the direction of movement to which the sheet is subjected in the operation of the machine. It will be seen that replacement of the abrasive sheet and ten sioning of the same is accomplished with the greatest of ease and is under the simple control of the screw-head 55.

It will furthermore be understood that by virtue of the guiding serrations between the body of the machine and the slides, that there will be no lateral deviation of the direction of movement of the particular tool employed. This lends itself to enabling the tool to be used for producing a very smooth and high polish. Furthermore, the

straight-line reciprocation of the tools with both tools acting in alinement, enables the same to be used upon surfaces which are longitudinally regular but transversely irregular, such as mouldings. The face of the tool toward the work when of such irregular character, may be shaped, as will be understood, to agree with the shape of the surface being acted upon.

I claim:

1. A machine as characterized comprising a housing providing a single boring the ends of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, a

coupling mounted at the outer end of each of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, each of said piston rods at their outer ends having a connecting means mounted thereon, a pair of slides underneath said housing, each slide being beneath its respective piston and made fast with respect to the said piston rods by said connecting means for obtaining in said slides a double reciprocating motion, and inter-engaging means between said slides adapted to synchronize operation of the said slides in opposed directions, and means on the underside of said slides for each mounting a tool thereon.

3. A machine as characterized comprising a housing providing a single boring the ends of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, each of said piston rods at their outer ends having a connecting means mounted thereon, a pair of slides underneath said housing, each slide being beneath its respective piston and made fast with respect to the said piston rods by said connecting means for obtaining in said slides a double reciprocating motion, and a pinion meshing with respect to both slides adapted to synchronize operation of the slides in opposed directions, and means on the underside of said slides for each mounting a tool thereon.

4. A machine as characterized comprising a housing providing a single boring the ends of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, each of said piston rods at their outer ends having a connecting means mounted thereon, a pair of slides underneath said housing, each slide being beneath its respective piston and made fast With respect to the said piston rods by said connecting means for obtaining in said slides a double reciprocating motion, a pair of overlapping racks one on each of said slides, and a pinion between and meshing with said racks adapted to synchronize operation of the slides in opposed directions, and means on the underside of said slides for each mounting a tool thereon.

5. A machine as characterized comprising a housing providing a single boring the ends of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, each of said piston rods at their outer ends having a connecting means mounted thereon, a pair of slides underneath said housing, each slide being beneath its respective piston and made fast with respect to the said piston rods by said connecting means for obtaining in said slides a double reciprocating motion, and a pinion meshing with respect to both slides adapted to synchronize operation of the slides in opposed directions, and means on the underside of said slides for each mounting a tool thereon, and brackets for supporting the inner ends of the slides maintaining the same in alinement and in sliding contact with the housing.

6. A machine as characterized comprising a housing providing a single boring the ends of which constitute opposed cylinders, each of said cylinders having a piston and a piston rod, each of said piston rods at their outer ends having a connecting means mounted thereon, a pair of slides underneath said housing, each slide being beneath its respective piston and made fast with respect to the said piston rods by said connecting means for obtaining in said slides a double reciprocating motion, a pair of overlapping racks one on each of said slides, and a pinion between and meshing with said racks adapted to synchronize operation of the slides in opposed directions, and means on the underside of said slides for each mounting a tool thereon, and brackets for supporting the pinion and the inner ends of the slides maintaining the same in alinement and in sliding contact with the housing.

7. A machine as characterized comprising a housing having a fluid actuated piston, and a slide next the housing for imparting reciprocation to a tool and the like from reciprocation of the piston, said slide and housing providing longitudinal inter-engaging serrations for guiding and receiving pressure of the slide with respect to the housing, said housing providing means for discharging the exhaust from the actuation of the piston between the serrations of the slide and housing.

8. A machine as characterized comprising a housing having a fluid actuated piston, and a slide next the housing for imparting reciprocation to a tool and the like from reciprocation of the piston, said slide and housing having bearing surfaces and intervening non-bearing surfaces, said housing providing means for discharging the exhaust from the actuation of the piston between the nonbearing surfaces of the slide and housing, and means for introducing lubricant into the actuating fluid for the piston and thereby lubricate both the piston and the bearing surface of sliding contact between the slide and housing.

9. A machine as characterized comprising a housing having a fluid actuated piston, and a slide next the housing for imparting reciprocation to a tool and the like from reciprocation of the piston, said slide and housing providing longitudinal interengaging serrations for guiding and receiving pressure of the slide with respect to the housing, and means for introducing lubricant into the actuating fluid for the piston and passing it through said serrations thereby lubricating both the piston and the surface of sliding contact between the slide and housing.

10. A machine as characterized comprising a housing having a fluid actuated piston, and a slide next the housing for imparting reciprocation to a tool and the like from reciprocation of the piston, said slide and housing providing longitudinal inter-engaging serrations for guiding and receiving pressure of the slide with respect to the housing, said housing providing means for discharging the exhaust from the actuation of the piston between the slide and housing through said serrations, and means for introducing lubricant into the actuating fluid for the piston and thereby lubricate both the piston and the surface of sliding contact between the slide and housing.

WILLIAM O. ARNOLD.

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