US2065008A - Rotary pump - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 22, 1936. A. MADL ROTARY PUMP Filed oct. 25, 1933 Patented Dec. 22, 1936 UNITED STATES ROTARY PUMP Alain Madl, Bristol, Conn., assignor to Erban Operating Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application october 25, 1933, serial No. 695,144

1 o claims. (o1. 10s- 135) My invention relates in general to pumps and in particular to rotary pumps as are used for diS- tributing liquid lubricants and in one of its aspects it relates to a pump for supplying liquid lubricants to the interior of a rotating shaft.

In the design of rotating machinery, it may become necessary or desirable to build a pump for lubricating purposes into the system of rotating parts rather than to depend on an Aexternally lo- A cated pump, and the design of such constructions involves many considerations, `the iirst of which i is a lack of space, and the 'second of which relates to the problems encountered whenthe pump is driven from a shaft the direction'of rotation l5l of which may be either direct or reverse. The first requirement necessitates a` pump which is compact in design and the second requirement necessitates a pump which will operate no matter what is the direction of rotation of its driving member. i

The embodiment of my invention herein disclosed is particularly adapted for use with a reversible -variable speed transmission employing systems of races and rolling bodies engaging the stance, astheone shown and described in my prior Patent No'. 1,999,544 of April 20, 1935, as it may be mounted Within the casing thereof, but

it will be understood that it is not restricted to such use but is of more universal application, as heretofore indicated. For instance, by way of example, it would find ready and convenient application in the reversing gear casing of 1,788,108 Jacobsen of January 6, 1931.

One of the objects of my invention is therefore the provision of a pump of such 'compact design that it may be applied in a restricted space.

,A further object of my invention is the provision of a pump adapted to be driven from a rotating shaft no matter what its direction of rotation, without any adjustment of the pump being 'required Whenever the direction of rotation is reversed.

AnotherV object of my invention is the provision of a pump of high eiiiciency and reliability and of such simplicity of construction that the parts are not exposed to excessive wear and the necessity for frequent replacement, and if such replacement should be necessary, it may be eiected 55 pump, and comprises, in general, a rotating memraces by rolling frictional contact, such, for inin a minimum of time and at a minimum of cost.

ber carrying valves of simple construction and a lcasing surrounding the same and adapted by their joint functioning, to generate the pressure necessary to cause circulation of the lubricating medium, and this effect will be accomplished no 5 .matter what the direction of rotation of the rotating member and without adjustment, manual or automatic, and it further comprises an oil circulation system adapted to supply oil to the rotures of my invention as combined into a unitary Whole, of which all the parts cooperate, it is to be understood that as to certain phases of the in- 15 dividual parts thereof, such parts may be used in. other combinations and relations and for other purposes, and not necessarily in the combinations and relations and for the purposes shown.

In order to show the application of my inven- 20 tion to a practical construction for the attainment of the above enumerated objects and such other objects as will hereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have illustrated one embodiment,l of my invention in the drawing, in which: l

Figurel is a section view of my improved pump substantially on the line I-l of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of my pump substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a 'sectional view on the line 3--3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 4 isa diagrammatic View illustrating, in 35 general form, one application of my pump.

Referring to the drawing in detail it will be observed that I have therein denoted by the `letter A the assemblyof parts constituting the rotating elements of my pump, by the -letter 13 40 the assembly of parts constituting the encasement surrounding the pump, and by the letter C the assembly of parts constituting the oil circulation system.

Considering rst the rotating system A it will 45 be seen that it is shown as comprising a hollow coupling member I0 designed for the oonnection to the transmission system, and to be located intermediate the same and the load, surrounding` the coupling member, and secured thereto in any. preferred manner, as by screw Il and a sleeve I2 which carries the pressure generating elements. Located within the hollow of coupling member l0 is a distributing element I4, which is provided withsuitable channels for the distribution of the lubricating uid to the proper points. This element is caused to rotate with the coupling member in any suitable manner such as by key I3 and the outlet vportion thereby for practical reasons may conveniently be made in the form of a separate discharge nozzle I6. y

The sleeve I2 carries an annular rib I1 provided on its periphery with pockets I8 in spaced relation thereon. The annular rib I'I is flanked on both sides by annularvrings 2l supported in iixed relation thereto, so as to form between them an annular groove. Located within the pockets I8 and having their ends in sliding but liquid-tight contact with the walls of rings 2i, are the rollers I8, which serve to generate pressure, as will be hereinafter described.

Running inwardly from the pocket I8 are channels 22, which communicate -with holes 23 in valve seats 28 seated within bores 26 in the coupling member I0.

The channels thus formed serve to establish communication between the pockets i8 and an annular channel 38 formed on the periphery of distributing member It. Passages 32 establish communication between channel 38 and the inner or distributing chamber 34 of the distributing member I4, from which the lubricating fluid is distributed to the various points at which it is needed. Valve members 28, shown as in the form of balls adapted to seat on valve seats 24, are normally kept in place on their seats during the rotation of the rotating member A, by centrifugal force and thereby serve during rotation to close the passage inthe valve seat 23.

The casing B, which would ordinarily be relainner surfaceof which is circular, but eccentric in relationv tc the rotating member A, and contactswith the same at one side, so that a crescent shaped space 36 is formed between the rib I'I and the ring 64. It will also be observed that the .rings 2l engage the sides of eccentric ring 64 in liquid-tight contact, whereby the space 36 is completely enclosed, except as hereinafter mentioned; The bearing ring 65 likewise provides a liquid tight seal between its inner surface and the rollers 20 whenthe latter contact therewith. When the member A is rotating the rollers 20 will be urged outwardly against the eccentric ring 64 by centrifugal force, and because of the liquid tight seal between that roller and the eccentric ring 64 and bearing rings 2l, said rollers will act as pistons tending to push any oil located in the passage 38 in front of.

municate respectively with conduits 42 and 44` having at their lower ends inwardly opening one- way valves 46 and 48 respectively. 'I'he construction of `these valves is illustrated in Figure 1, and it will be observed that the valves proper Eli and 52, are resiliently held against aoeaooe their respective seats 54 and 66 by springs 55' and 5l. The inlet portions of thevalves are necessarily below the level of the oil in the oil tank 58 and are so shown.

The operation of my pump will now be described. Referring particularly to Figure 1, and assuming that the member A is rotating in a counter-clockwise direction, and considering the roller 20 that is shown lowermost in Figure 1, it vwill be observed that as the member A rotates, the Aroller 20 will be urged outwardly against the inner cylindrical surface of the ring 64, and therefore will slide or roll over the portion of the ring containing the channel 48 without, however, being able to enter into or to obstruct the channel. In the meantime, the lowermost valve 28 has been pushed by centrifugal force against its valve seat 24, and there is therefore-no communication between the lowermost pocket I8 and the oil distributingchamber 34. As, during the counterclockwise rotation of member A, the roller proceeds in its course along the inner wall of ring 68 it enters the beginning oi the crescent shaped chamber 36 until it reaches the end portion of the channel 48 which is `shown as located near the beginning of the upper right hand portion of Figure 1. As soon as this pointis reached, owing to the liquid-tight contact between the roller, the rings 2l and ring 64, a piston eect is produced resulting in a suction in thev channel 88 which serves to lift oil from the tank 58 into the channel li@ and into the beginning of the crescent shaped chamber 36. The succeeding roller 26 will now act on that portion of the oil which is located in the beginning of the crescent shaped chamber 38, and as it passes the end of the channel 48, it Will force this oil into the enlarged upper or middle portion of the chamber 86 and urge it counterclockwise by its piston action. As succeeding rollers act on the oil in a similar manner, there will result a pressure in the enlarged upper or mid-portion of the chamber 36, located beyond the end of passage 48.

From the chamber 36 the oil may pass into the channel 88 and the left-hand portion of chamber 36, until these spaces and the lconduit 42 are filled with oil, but'since valve 46 cannot open outwardly, there is no escape for the oil in this direct 0n. On the other hand, escape of the oil through pockets I8 and valves 24, 28 is possible, only when the oil pressure against this valve exceeds the centrifugal eect tending to press the balls 28 against the seats 24.

When this point is reached, the pressure will force the valves inwardly and force oil through the system of passages and channels into the distributing chamber 34, and from there to the parts to be lubricated. This last will be the normal operation of the pump.

In the foregoing description, it has been assumed that the pump is self-starting, requiring no priming, and it will be understood that underup in the passage 40, even when it is lled with f air, to induce oil to enter-conduit 4 4. Should this not be possiblevarious devices may be resorted to, such as, by way of example, decreasing the length of conduit 44, immersing the pump in the oil tank, mounting the oil tank above the pump so as 'to secure gravity feed into the pump or maintaining pressure in the oil tank.

When the direction of rotation of member A is reversed, the action is exactly the same, the valve 48 in this case closing while the valve. 46 opens. The pressure. is then built up on the right hand side of Figure 1 instead of on the left hand side. v

A convenient adjunct to the pump, although not necessary for its proper operation isan oil gauge and for this purpose the annular'channel 68 may be `provided in the casing 62 which has communication with the distributing chamber 34 through the passage 62 provided in the rotating member A. From the ychannel 68 the `oil is allowed to pass into the conduit 10 leading to an oil gauge located at any convenient point, such as the dash board of an automobile. Figure 4 is intended to illustrate the suggested application of my invention. A motor is shown coupledto a reversible transmission and intermediate the latter and the load is interposed a pump according to my invention. If a reversible motor is used, the pump might ofcourse with advantage be installed between the motor and the transmission, which might then be of irreversible type.

Nothing contained herein is to be interpreted as limiting the use of my pump to use in connection with reversible rotating mechanisms as it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that because of its simple construction, it may possess high utility in connection with mechanisms rotating only in one directon.

While my invention has been described and illustrated in relation to one embodiment thereof, it will be understood that the details thereof may be'varied, and that the invention may be embodied in many other forms, as will be obvious to thoseskilled in the art.. without departing from the spirit thereof as defined in the appended claims. The disclosure herein-is therefore to be considered' to be by way of illustration merely, and not as limitative in any way.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to ,secure by Letters Patent is:

-. 1. A rotary pump comprising an inner member free Vto rotate.in opposite directions and a casing surrounding said inner member and spaced therefrom except at one area of contact as the inner member is rotated, to provide a pressure chamber between it and the inner member closed by such area of contact, and said pressure chamber being generally crescent shaped, a distributing chamber 'within said rotating member, a channel connecting said chambers, and an element carried; by and moving 2. A'rotary pump comprising an -inner memberfree to rotate in opposite directions and a casing surrounding said inner member and spaced therefrom except at one area of contact as the inner member is rotated, to--prcvidc a pressure chamber between it and the inner member closed by such area of contact, and Said pressure chamberbeing generally crescent shaped, r distributing 'chamber within said rotating member, a channel connecting said chambers and a radially shiftable element carried by said inner member and automatically shiftable to position itself so as to propel the fluid in the pressure chamber in that direction in which thev inner member is rotated regardless of the direction of rotation, said element also serving automatically to close the channel except-in a direction from in front of said element as determined by -the direction of rotation of said inner member.

3. A rotary pump comprising an inner member free to rotate in opposite directions and a casing surrounding said inner member and spaced therefrom except at one point as the inner member is rotated, to provide a pressure chamber between it and the inner member closed by such -point of contact, and said pressure chamber being generally crescent shaped, a distributing chamber.

within said rotating member and a channel connecting said chambers and an element carried by said inner member and automatically shiftable to position itself as to propel the :duid in the pressure chamber in that direction in which the inner rmember is rotated regardless of the direction of rotation, said element being also laterally movable to automatically interrupt communicatin between the channel and the pressure chamber except in a direction from in front of said element as determined by the direction of rotation Qf said inner member.

4. A rotary pump comprising an inner member free to rotate in opposite directions and a casing' surrounding said inner member and spaced therefrom except at one area of contact as the inner member is` rotated, to provide a pressure chamber between it and the inner member closed .by such area of contact, and said pressure chamber being generally crescent shaped, a distributing chamber within said rotating member, a channel connecting said chambers and an element carried by and moving with said inner ,movement within said channel and thereby serving automatically to close the channel except in a direction from in front of said element as determined by the direction of rotation of said inner member, whereby said elements serve automatically to propel the iiuid in the direction of rotation land through the channel, inlets to the pressure chamber at opposite sides of said point or areav of contact, and valve means associated with each of said inlets' permitting entrance of uid thereinto but preventing its exit therefrom, whereby when said rotating member rotates in ene direction, iiuid will be drawn through one of said inlets and will be propelled through said channel and into said distributing chamber, while when said rotating member-rotates in the opposite direction, fluid will be drawn through the other of said inlets and will be propelled through said channels and into said distributing chamber. 5. A rotary pump comprising anl inner member fre vto rotate in opposite directions and a casing surrounding said innr member and spaced therechamber within saidrotating member, a ychannel connecting said'chambers and a radially shiftable element carried by said inner member and auto-,u

matically shiftable to position itself so as to propel the uid in the pressure chamber in that direction in which the inner member is rotated regardless of-the direction of rotation, said element also serving automatically to close the channel except in a direction from in front of said element as determined by the direction of rotation of said inner member, inlets to the pressure chamber at opposite sides of said point or area of contact, and Valve means' associated with each of said inlets permitting entrance of iluid thereinto but preventing its exit therefrom, whereby when said rotating member rotates in one direction iiuid will be drawn through one of said inlets and will be propelled through said channel and intosaid distributing chamber while when said` rotating member rotates in the opposite direction, fluid will be drawn through the other of said inlets and will be propelled through:`

said-channel and intosaid distributing chamber.

6. A rotary pump comprising an innercylindrical rotatingmember having a distributing chamber therewithin, said member being sur'- rounded by a cylindrical casing eccentrically po-` sitioned in relation thereto so 'as to touch it at one element of its periphery and said casing and said member having their end surfaces in uidtight contact, wherebyI a crescent-shaped compression chamber is formed between said casing and member, a passage in said member serving into the' distributing chamber when the pressure in the pressure chamber exceeds the force tending to close the valve, an inlet opening positioned on each side of said element of contact between the member and the casing, said inlet openings being spaced from each other, a conduit communicating with a supply of fluid lubricant associated with each inlet opening, a valve associated with each conduit permitting entry of lubricant i into said pressure chamber but preventing its exit.

ALAIN MADL.

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