US2060968A - Electric heating device and method of making same - Google Patents
Electric heating device and method of making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2060968A US2060968A US655154A US65515433A US2060968A US 2060968 A US2060968 A US 2060968A US 655154 A US655154 A US 655154A US 65515433 A US65515433 A US 65515433A US 2060968 A US2060968 A US 2060968A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- conductor
- heating device
- cast
- electric heating
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/70—Plates of cast metal
Definitions
- Our invention relates to electric heating devices and more especially to heating elements for stoves, flat irons, curling irons and the like.
- a further object is to provide a heating device in which the resistor element is cast into a metal surface plate or outer jacket in order to obtain a superior heat conducting contact with the same.
- a still further object is to provide a heating device by the method of applying an insulating coating to a resistor wire, hardening said coating and embedding the resistor in a cast metal.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view partly in section of an em bodiment of our invention
- Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view partly in section of a modification
- Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view in enlargement showing the resistor element, its insulating coating and the casting in which the same is embedded.
- This ceramic insulation does not change its physical 10 character which is a solid with practically no air content and is such that it will provide a highly efficient transfer of heat.
- This insulation may be of a ceramic cement, which upon hardening assumes many of the characteristics 15 of ordinary porcelain. It may be chiefly fused aluminum oxide sold under the trade name Alundum", magnesium oxide, silicon oxide or other suitable ceramic materials held together by a binding material such as sodium silicate, 2O potassium silicate, bentonite, sillimanite, a ceramic cement sold under the trade name Insolute, or any other suitable binding material or combination of several. suitable binding materials. 25
- a heating unit having a cooking surface or utilization plate I, which may be of cast iron, cast steel, cast aluminum, or other suitable metal which may be cast, poured, or molded into 0 the desired form to produce a suitable outer jacket.
- plate I is secured to a heat resisting base 2, as by bolts 3, which also serve as terminals for a resistor conductor 4, having a ceramic insulated coating 5 separating the resistor from plate 4.
- the base 2 may be of any suitable materials such as asbestos composition, porcelain, lava, or the like.
- a protecting layer of insulation is shown at 6 as a guard for the connections of conductor '4 with 40 bolts 3.
- Resistor 4 is shown near the top of plate I, which is made possible by this type of casting, and provides for a minimum heat passage path from source to the point of utilization.
- Insulation 5 is preferably of ceramic material such as Insolute or liquid porcelain, which is applied to the conductor in liquid or semi-liquid form and which, upon hardening forms an insulation similar to ordinary porcelain.
- the conductor will first be shaped as desired, and given its ceramic insulation by painting, spraying, dipping or drawing through a bath while the conductor is either hot or cold. After the insulation has hardened, plate I is formed by casting or molding the metal around the conductor, as may be done by conventional methods. After the cooling, or set, the insulation 5 will make a sealed or solid contact between conductor l and plate I, permitting a high rate of heat transfer therebetween.
- Fig. 3 we show a modification wherein the conductor 1, insulated as above, is helical and laid in a groove 8, and the cast surface plate 9 cast to fill the space in the grooves not occupied by the conductor I.
- the insulation is less likely to crack than when the conductor is straight.
- a metal core to the surface of which has been applied a ceramic insulation may be located within the helical conductor I, the latter also having applied to its surface the ceramic insulation above described. Then the metal of the plate 9 is cast around the core and the conductor to intimately contact or seal with both.
- Fig. 4 we show an enlargement of the helical wire iesistor II! with its ceramic coated insulation ll, cast into a bar or rod I2, as it will be appreciated that the heating or surface member may be of a variety of shapes or configurations to form an outer jacket suitable for various purposes.
- An electric heating device comprising an electric conductor to the surface of which is bonded a solid coating of an electrically nonconductive and heat conductive ceramic sub-' stance, a refractory plate having a groove in which said coated conductor is located, and a surface plate of cast metal having a portion thereof extending into said groove and around said coated conductor and in which said coated conductor is sealed and embedded and to which said coating is bonded.
- An electric heating device comprising a core, an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said corc therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
- An electric heating device comprising a core having a solid surface portion of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said core therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
- An electric heating device comprising a metal core having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said core therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
Description
ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed Feb. 4, 1953,
INVENTORS B OSCAR BECK huamr L. BECK m CECIL H GUNTHORP Patented Nov. 1936 UNITED STATES ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Bjorn Oscar Beck and Hubert L. Beck, Chicago, and Cecil H. Gunthorp, Des Plaines, Ill.
Application February 4, 1933, Serial No. 655,154
4 Claims.
Our invention relates to electric heating devices and more especially to heating elements for stoves, flat irons, curling irons and the like.
It is an object of our invention to provide a 5 simple, practical, and efficient device of the character described.
It is another object of our invention to provide a heating device which is adapted for a quick transfer of heat from the resistor element to the surface plate or other point of utilization.
.A further object is to provide a heating device in which the resistor element is cast into a metal surface plate or outer jacket in order to obtain a superior heat conducting contact with the same.
A still further object is to provide a heating device by the method of applying an insulating coating to a resistor wire, hardening said coating and embedding the resistor in a cast metal.
Other objects and advantages will appear and be brought out more fully in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view partly in section of an em bodiment of our invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view partly in section of a modification, and
Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view in enlargement showing the resistor element, its insulating coating and the casting in which the same is embedded.
Heretofore in the manufacture of electrical heating devices for ordinary use such as stoves, flat irons, curling irons and the like, a difficulty usually encountered has been the inability to satisfactorily insulate the resistor element from the surface plate or material to which the heat is to be conducted and at the same time obtain an efficient medium of heat transfer between these two parts of the device. A further difficulty usually presented is the necessity of embedding the resistor so far from the surface of utilization of the heat that an undesirable length of 45 time is required for the transfer of heat between them.
We are aware that some attempts have been made to overcome these objections and difficulties such as disclosed in United States Patent No.
50 1,654,292 issued to A. D. Keene et al. in which a coating of alundum or aluminum oxide is applied to a resistor wire and located in grooves in a carbonaceous material. The alundum becomes powdery, leaving air spaces therein and defeat- 55 ing to a considerable extent the purpose for which it is intended to be used. Our invention is a particular improvement on this feature and we provide a resistor coating of ceramic material such as the porcelain group which can be embedded in a cast block and make a highly efficient heat transfer contact between the wire and the heating surface. This ceramic insulation can be applied in a liquid form and hardened or dried and cast within a metallic material. This ceramic insulation does not change its physical 10 character which is a solid with practically no air content and is such that it will provide a highly efficient transfer of heat. This insulation may be of a ceramic cement, which upon hardening assumes many of the characteristics 15 of ordinary porcelain. It may be chiefly fused aluminum oxide sold under the trade name Alundum", magnesium oxide, silicon oxide or other suitable ceramic materials held together by a binding material such as sodium silicate, 2O potassium silicate, bentonite, sillimanite, a ceramic cement sold under the trade name Insolute, or any other suitable binding material or combination of several. suitable binding materials. 25
Referring more partciularly to the drawing, we show a heating unit having a cooking surface or utilization plate I, which may be of cast iron, cast steel, cast aluminum, or other suitable metal which may be cast, poured, or molded into 0 the desired form to produce a suitable outer jacket. Using ,cast iron as the example, plate I is secured to a heat resisting base 2, as by bolts 3, which also serve as terminals for a resistor conductor 4, having a ceramic insulated coating 5 separating the resistor from plate 4. The base 2 may be of any suitable materials such as asbestos composition, porcelain, lava, or the like. A protecting layer of insulation is shown at 6 as a guard for the connections of conductor '4 with 40 bolts 3. Resistor 4 is shown near the top of plate I, which is made possible by this type of casting, and provides for a minimum heat passage path from source to the point of utilization. Insulation 5 is preferably of ceramic material such as Insolute or liquid porcelain, which is applied to the conductor in liquid or semi-liquid form and which, upon hardening forms an insulation similar to ordinary porcelain.
In the manufacture of our heating unit the conductor will first be shaped as desired, and given its ceramic insulation by painting, spraying, dipping or drawing through a bath while the conductor is either hot or cold. After the insulation has hardened, plate I is formed by casting or molding the metal around the conductor, as may be done by conventional methods. After the cooling, or set, the insulation 5 will make a sealed or solid contact between conductor l and plate I, permitting a high rate of heat transfer therebetween.
In Fig. 3 we show a modification wherein the conductor 1, insulated as above, is helical and laid in a groove 8, and the cast surface plate 9 cast to fill the space in the grooves not occupied by the conductor I. We have found that in the spiral form the insulation is less likely to crack than when the conductor is straight. If desired a metal core to the surface of which has been applied a ceramic insulation, may be located within the helical conductor I, the latter also having applied to its surface the ceramic insulation above described. Then the metal of the plate 9 is cast around the core and the conductor to intimately contact or seal with both.
In Fig. 4 we show an enlargement of the helical wire iesistor II! with its ceramic coated insulation ll, cast into a bar or rod I2, as it will be appreciated that the heating or surface member may be of a variety of shapes or configurations to form an outer jacket suitable for various purposes.
We claim:
1. An electric heating device comprising an electric conductor to the surface of which is bonded a solid coating of an electrically nonconductive and heat conductive ceramic sub-' stance, a refractory plate having a groove in which said coated conductor is located, and a surface plate of cast metal having a portion thereof extending into said groove and around said coated conductor and in which said coated conductor is sealed and embedded and to which said coating is bonded.
2. An electric heating device comprising a core, an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said corc therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
3. An electric heating device comprising a core having a solid surface portion of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said core therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
4. An electric heating device comprising a metal core having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and an electric conductor around said core and having a solid coating of an electrically non-conductive and heat conductive ceramic substance, and a cast metal jacket embedding and sealing said coated conductor and said core therein and being bonded thereto to form an integral unit.
B. OSCAR BECK. HUBERT L. BEcKe CECIL H. GUNTHORP.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655154A US2060968A (en) | 1933-02-04 | 1933-02-04 | Electric heating device and method of making same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655154A US2060968A (en) | 1933-02-04 | 1933-02-04 | Electric heating device and method of making same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2060968A true US2060968A (en) | 1936-11-17 |
Family
ID=24627746
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655154A Expired - Lifetime US2060968A (en) | 1933-02-04 | 1933-02-04 | Electric heating device and method of making same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2060968A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2508094A (en) * | 1945-04-06 | 1950-05-16 | Gen Electric | Circuit interrupting apparatus |
| US2536767A (en) * | 1946-10-16 | 1951-01-02 | Alfred E Reimers | Cast-metal electrically-heated device and resistance elements therefor |
| US3244861A (en) * | 1963-10-22 | 1966-04-05 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Heating element |
| US3760156A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1973-09-18 | Bunker Ramo | Detachable electrical heating griddle |
| US20050159284A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2005-07-21 | Smith Bruce R. | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
-
1933
- 1933-02-04 US US655154A patent/US2060968A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2508094A (en) * | 1945-04-06 | 1950-05-16 | Gen Electric | Circuit interrupting apparatus |
| US2536767A (en) * | 1946-10-16 | 1951-01-02 | Alfred E Reimers | Cast-metal electrically-heated device and resistance elements therefor |
| US3244861A (en) * | 1963-10-22 | 1966-04-05 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Heating element |
| US3760156A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1973-09-18 | Bunker Ramo | Detachable electrical heating griddle |
| US20050159284A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2005-07-21 | Smith Bruce R. | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
| US6932753B1 (en) | 1998-12-09 | 2005-08-23 | Fort James Corporation | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
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